Effect of traditional Chinese medicine Jiegusan on bone metabolism in patients with humeral fracture / 中草药

Objective: To study the effect of Jiegusan on bone metabolism in patients with humeral fracture. Methods: Totally 128 patients with humeral fracture were divided into the treatment group and control group, and then to observe the influence of Jiegusan on bone metabolism in the patients. Results: Symptoms such as swelling and pain in treatment group were significantly improved after treatment with Jigusan than control group. After treatment, serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase in the treatment were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and serum D-dimer production was significantly lower than that in the control group, while serum calcium level in serum showed no difference between the experimental and control group. Conclusion: Jiegusan can accelerate fracture healing via regulating the bone metabolism and play a role in anticoagulant activity via lowering the level of serum D-dimer.

EGF and SCF promote the proliferation and differentiation of mouse spermatogenic cells in vitro / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the promoting effects of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and stem cell factor (SCF) on the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogenic cells in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We cocultured in vitro spermatogenic cells of male mice aged 7 - 8 days in the medium with EGF and/or SCF at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 100 ng/ml, respectively. Then we observed the survival rate and morphological changes of the spermatogenic cells, detected the expressions of the pachytene-specific phosphoprotein gene (P19) and haploid sperm cell-specific transition protein gene (TP1), and analyzed the ploidy of the cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After cocultured with EGF or SCF for 2 - 4 days, the spermatogenic cells began to proliferate in masses or chains in all concentration groups, most obviously in the 20 ng/ml EGF and 40 ng/ml SCF groups. At 7 days, both the number and survival rate of spermatogenic cells were significantly higher in the 20 ng/ml EGF and 40 ng/ml SCF groups than in the others (P < 0.05), and meanwhile, the P19/TP1 ratio was obviously decreased and the rate of haploid sperm markedly increased in the 40 ng/ml SCF group (P < 0.05). Combination of EGF and SCF remarkably promoted the proliferation of the spermatogenic cells (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both EGF and SCF could increase the number and survival rate of spermatogenic cells. SCF could promote the formation of haploid sperm, and the combination of the two cytokines could enhance the effect on the proliferation of spermatogenic cells.</p>

Study on correlation between volatile oil and rhizosphere soil from roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata / 中草药

Objective: To study the correlation between the content of volatile oil and the rhizosphere soil from the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata collected from different regions at different harvest time. Methods: The volatile oil from the roots of S. divaricata was extracted by steam distillation and analyzed. According to the National Standard of the People's Republic of China, we determined the pH value, total nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of S. divaricata. The obtained data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software. Results: The content of volatile oil in the roots of S. divaricata presented a trend of decrease with different collection regions from south to north and the main chemical components were significantly different, in which 1-(1-formylethyl)-4-(1-buten-3-yl)-benzene and β-bisabolene were found as the principal components. There was a significantly negative power function relationship between the content of volatile oil and the total nitrogen, a significantly non-linear correlation between the content of volatile oil and the hydrolysable nitrogen, but a good correlation between content of volatile oil and available phosphorus, available potassium, and the content of organic matter was found only in the first sample. There were significant good correlations of the pH value and hydrolysable nitrogen with available phosphorus, hydrolysable nitrogen, and available phosphorus with available potassium, hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium with organic matter in rhizosphere soil (P < 0.01). The significant correlation of hydrolysable nitrogen, available potassium with pH was found (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant difference among the contents of volatile oil extracted from S. divaricata collected at different harvest time. There is a negative correlation between the total nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil and the content of volatile oil, namely, the productivity of volatile oil decreases with the increase of total nitrogen content, while the optimal contents of hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter could accumulate the content of volatile oil. On the other hand, pH value may affect the content of volatile oil by modulating the other chemical properties of the rhizosphere soil.

Simultaneous determination of chromones and coumarins in roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata from Longxi area by HPLC / 中草药

Objective: To develop an HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination and comparative analysis on the contents of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, 4′-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, cimifugin, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, psoralen, imperatorin, bergapten, and xanthotoxin in the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata from Longxi areas. Methods: The extracts were obtained by methanol reflux method and the contents of the eight compounds were determined by HPLC-DAD. The mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile-water, was programmed for a gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, the detection wavelength was 254 nm, and the column temperature was 25°C. Results: Excellent linearity with correlation coefficents (r) of 0.9992-0.9999 was obtained. The average recoveries of the eight compounds were 96.2%-104.1% and all RSD values were less than 3%. The contents of the four coumarins in the roots of S. divaricata were much less than those four chromones. The contents of the four coumarins in the roots of Carum carvi and Peucedahum ledebourielloides were more than those in S. divaricta, while no chromones were detected except sec-O-glucosylhamaudol in P. ledebourielloides. Conclusion: The method appears to be simple, accurate, and well reproducible, which could be used for the simultaneous determination of the above-mentioned eight compounds in S. divaricata. According to the above analysis, C. carvi and P. ledebourielloides could not be used as the succedaneum of S. divaricata on the basis of the eight compound contents.

Effect of Tongxinluo on nestin and vascular endothehal growth factor mRNA expression in rat brain tissue after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expressions of nestin and vascular endothehal growth factor (VEGF) mRNAs in rat brain tissue after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and their changes in response to Tongxinluo (a traditional Chinese herbal preparation) treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by treatment with Tongxinluo at high and low doses. On days 3, 7, 14 and 21 after MCAO, nestin and VEGF mRNA expressions in the ependyma, subventricular zone (SVZ), and hippocampal subdentate gyrus zone (HDG) in the ischemic hemisphere were quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury showed significantly increased nestin-positive neurons and VEGF mRNA expression in the SVZ and HDG 7, 14 and 21 days after MCAO (P<0.05). Treatment with Tongxinluo, especially at high doses, significantly increased the number of nestin-positive neurons and VEGF mRNA expression in the rats 7, 14 and 21 days after MCAO (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Focal cerebral ischemia in rats results in rapid response and proliferation of neural stem cells in the SVZ and HDG in the ischemic hemisphere possibly by increasing VEGF mRNA expression in the adjacent tissues around the ischemic focus. Tongxinluo may enhance the differentiation and proliferation capacity of the neural stem cells after MCAO by inducing the expression of VEGF mRNA.</p>

Effect of yirong oral liquid on the reperfusion injury in rats with cerebral infarction undergoing thrombolysis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Yirong Oral Liquid (YROL) on reperfusion injury in rats with cerebral infarction undergoing thrombolysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical reperfusion under thrombolysis was simulated by applying thrombolysis on reversible local cerebral ischemic rat model. In the rat model, effect of YROL on parameters concerning anti-oxidation capability, cerebral edema and ultrastructure of brain were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>YROL could alleviate the cerebral edema after reperfusion, markedly increase the activity of superoxide dismutase in blood plasma, decrease the content of malonyldialdehyde, inhibit the post-reperfusion lipid peroxidation, and significantly reduce the ischemia/reperfusion injury of nerve cells in brain of rat.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YROL has definite protecting effect on brain.</p>