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OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of different penetration enhancers on in vitro transdermal permeation of Flavaspidic acid BB cream. METHODS ：Flavaspidic acid BB cream was prepared ，containing 11 kinds of different penetration enhancers as 1％ azone，2％ azone，3％ azone，4％ azone，1％ menthol，1％ propylene glycol ，1％ oleic acid ，1％ azone+1％ menthol，1％ azone+1％ propanediol，1％ azone+1％ oleic acid or 1％ menthol+1％ propanediol. Modified Franz diffusion cell was adopted using abdominal skin of isolated male rat as transdermal barrier. The content of flavaspidic acid BB was determined by UPLC. The accumulative transdermal amount （Q24 h）and percutaneous permeability （Jss）within 24 h were calculated ；and compared with Flavaspidic acid BB cream without transdermal enhancer ，the enhancement ratio （ER）was calculated. RESULTS ： Q24 h of Flavaspidic acid BB cream with above 11 kinds of transdermal enhancers were （82.96±7.15），（80.17±0.66），（78.22± 1.87），（73.53±1.24），（35.65±2.23），（34.02±1.73），（42.68±2.66），（33.94±1.37），（34.16±1.54），（46.78±1.21），（43.66±1.69） μg/cm2，respectively. Jss value were （5.26±0.10），（4.69±0.12），（4.45±0.45），（4.00±0.06），（3.74±0.33），（3.23±0.18）， （3.73±0.53），（3.14±0.47），（3.54±0.11），（3.98±0.34），（4.34±0.14）μg（/ cm2·h），respectively. ER were 2.055，1.831，1.738， 1.564，1.462，1.263，1.456，1.227，1.385，1.557，1.698，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：All of the above transdermal absorption enhancers can enhance the percutaneous absorption of Flavaspidic acid BB cream ，among which ，1％ azone is the best.
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@#Objective To investigate the developmental characteristics of static visual acuity (SVA) and kinetic visual acuity (KVA) and the correlation between the for children. Methods From April to June, 2018, SVA and KVA of 715 children aged 6 to 10 years in Suzhou were tested with logarithmic visual chart and KVA meter. Results KVA and SVA increased with age within 6 to 9 years old, and decreased then. KVA was higher in boys than in girls (t = 4.604, P < 0.001), but not significantly different for SVA (t = 1.822, P > 0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between KVA and SVA (r = 0.552, P < 0.01). KVA can predicted SVA (B = 0.617, P < 0.001). Conclusion KVA and SVA develop for children aged 6 to 9, and moderately positive correlate with each other. It means SVA may be improved via training of KVA.
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Objective To investigate the chemotherapy on coagulation function in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods One hundred eight-one cases of gastrointestinal cancer patients who were taken chemotherapy in our hospital were collected from January 2009 to May 2012.According to tumor metastasis,they were divided into distant metastasis group ( n=68) and no distant metastasis group ( n=113 ),and then 270 cases of healthy persons were matched as control group.Plasma prothrombin time ( PT),activated partial thromboplastin enzyme time ( APTT),plasma fibrinogen ( FIB ),the total thrombin time ( TT),and D-dimer (DD) level were observed and compared between these groups.And the level of coagulation indicators in patients with gastrointestinal cancer was compared before and after chemotherapy.Results There were significant differences among three groups on levels of PT,APTT,FIB,TT and D-D (F=4.443,4.791,5.795,3.671,10.564,respectively,P＜0.05) before chemotherapy.The PT[(11.31 ±0.98) s and (11.20 ±0.95) s vs (11.99±0.89)s] and APTT[(29.01 ±4.52)s and (28.25 ±3.98)s vs (30.45 ±4.95)s] and TT [(19.35 ± 2.09) s and (18.68 ± 1.98 ) s vs (19.98 ± 1.89 ) s] in the tumor without distant metastasis and tumor distant metastasis groups were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group ( P＜0.05 ),however FIB[(3.05 ±0.68) g/L and (3.89 ± 1.01 ) g/L vs (2.29 ±0.38) g/L] and D-D[(98.88 ± 15.94) μg/L and (227.31 ± 35.12 ) μg/L vs (35.41 ± 3.43 ) μg/L] were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P＜0.05);FIB[(3.89 ± 1.01 ) g,/L vs (3.05±0.68) g/L],DD[(227.31 ± 35.12) μg/L vs (98.88 ± 15.94) μg/L] in distant metastasis group were also significantly higher than those in no distant metastasis group( P＜0.05 ).On comparison before and after chemotherapy,there was no significant difference on PT,APTT,D-D and TT between distant metastasis group and no distant metastasis group ( P ＞ 0.05 ),but FIB decreased significantly in two groups after chemotherapy [Distant metastasis group:( 3.25 ± 0.78 ) g/L vs (3.89 ± 1.01) g/L;No distant metastasis group:( 2.58 ± 0.75 ) g/L vs ( 3.05 ± 0.68 ) g/L;P＜0.05 )] Conclusion The patients with gastrointestinal cancer are on the hypercoagulable state.In addition,hypercoagulable state could be increased with the emergence of metastases.Chemotherapy may be a transient increasing in the risk of thrombosis.Clinicians need to recognize the hypercoagulable state in cancer patients before and after chemotherapy,that will provide help for clinical treatments.