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Objective To evaluate the clinical presentations,pathologic characteristics,and the diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic cystitis.Methods Two cases of eosinophilic cystitis were analyzed,and the relevant literature was reviewed.Case 1,a 63-year-old man,complained of voiding urgency and frequency,dysuria,intermittent hematuria,and lower abdominal pain.Cystoscopic examination showed that an about 5cm?3cm abnormal focus was 0.2-0.4 cm above bladder mucosa at the fundus of the bladder.Case 2,a 42-year-old woman,complained of voiding urgency and frequency,dysuria,and suprapubic pain with intermittent hematuria.Cystoscopic examination showed that about 4 cm?3 cm?2 cm abnormal foci of cauliflower-like were 0.3-0.4 cm above bladder mucosa at the fundus and neck of the bladder.Imaging examinations(Bultrasound,CT and IVU) showed diffuse thickening of bladder wall and tumor-like lesions.They both underwent transurethral resection of the lesions and were treated with oral steroids and antibiotics.Results Postoperative pathology confirmed eosinophilic cystitis in both cases.The follow-up was 6 months.The voiding symptoms disappeared,and imaging examinations showed no space-occupying lesions of the bladder in them.Up to now,there has no evidence of relapse.Conclusions Eosinophilic cystitis is a very rare tumor-like inflammatory disease.It is easily misdiagnosed as bladder neoplasm.Cystoscopy and biopsy are gold standard for the diagnosis.Current treatment modalities include transurethral resection of the bladder lesion along with nonspecific medical therapy.
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Objective:To study expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3) in gastric cancer tissues and the relationship between lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma,in an attempt to study the role of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 in lymphatic metastasis.Methods:The expressions of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA in 67 gastric carcinoma tissue specimens and their corresponding normal gastric tissues were determined by RT-PCR.Lymphatic vessels were stained by enzyme histochemical method and the lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma was analyzed according to pathological records.Results:The positive rates of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 mRNA in carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than those in normal gastric tissues(62.69% vs 34.3% and 58.21% vs 31.3%,respectively,both P