Research progress in hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis / 中华神经科杂志

Stroke has increasingly become one of the three major diseases threatening human beings,among which acute ischemic stroke is the most common.Intravenous thrombolysis has become the first choice for acute ischemic stroke,but a large number of studies have shown that intravenous thrombolysis increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.The latest advances in clinical types,incidence,mechanism and risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator are reviewed in this article,and the possible predictors of hemorrhagic transformation are discussed,aiming to provide new reference for clinical thrombolytic therapy.

Preparation and evaluation of an oral insulin enteric preparation based on polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles / 中国药科大学学报

@#To improve the oral bioavailability of insulin, an insulin-loaded enteric polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles(INS-NPs L100)was prepared using methoxy PEG-poly(D, L-lactide)(PEG-PLA), phospholipid s75 and Eudragit L100; in vitro and in vivo behaviors of INS-NPs L100 were evaluated. Insulin-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles(INS-NPs)were prepared by W/O/W double emulsion solvent evaporation method. INS-NPs formulation was optimized by single factor experiment using encapsulation efficiency, particle size, and in vitro release behavior of the corresponding INS-NPs L100 as evaluation indexes. The morphology, in vitro drug release profile and hypoglycemic effect of the INS-NPs L100 using the optimal INS-NPs and Eudragit® L100(used as enteric polymer)were assessed. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of the optimal INS-NPs was(62. 18±4. 51)%. The average particle size, PDI and Zeta potential was(225. 2±94. 3)nm, 0. 191±0. 068, and -(14. 84±1. 26)mV, respectively. The cumulative drug release from the INS-NPs L100 was only 8. 01% at 2 h in pH 1. 0 HCl solution, exhibiting a slow drug release behavior; while the drug release from INS-NPs L100 was 67. 31% at 6 h in phosphate buffer of pH 6. 8. Mereorer, after oral administration of INS-NPs L100 with a dose of 38 IU/kg, the blood glucose concentration of healthy rats was reduced to 76% of the initial values at 3. 5 h, exhibiting a sustained hypoglycemic effect. In summary, the INS-NPs L100 prepared in this study could effectively decrease the release rate of insulin in gastric juice, improve the stability of protein in the gastrointestinal tract, and provide a new approach for the oral administration of peptides and protein drugs.

Recent advances in the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease and hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke / 中华神经科杂志

Cerebral small vessel disease refers to a series of clinical, imaging and pathological syndromes caused by various diseases affecting small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and venules in the brain, thereby causing ischemia or hemorrhage in brain tissue. At present, intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the first choice for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, however a large number of studies have shown that the presence of cerebral small vessel disease before acute ischemic stroke increases the risk of intravenous thrombolysis. In this article, the recent research progresses about the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease and hemorrhagic transformation after venous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke are reviewed, aiming to provide a new reference for clinical intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

Recent advances in the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease and hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke / 中华神经科杂志

Cerebral small vessel disease refers to a series of clinical, imaging and pathological syndromes caused by various diseases affecting small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and venules in the brain, thereby causing ischemia or hemorrhage in brain tissue. At present, intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the first choice for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, however a large number of studies have shown that the presence of cerebral small vessel disease before acute ischemic stroke increases the risk of intravenous thrombolysis. In this article, the recent research progresses about the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease and hemorrhagic transformation after venous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke are reviewed, aiming to provide a new reference for clinical intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

Primary Study on Non-invasive Evaluation of Portal Vein Pressure in Model of Liver Cirrhosis in Rats / 胃肠病学

The measurement of portal vein pressure (PVP) is important for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis.Aims: To investigate a non-invasive method for evaluating PVP in model of liver cirrhosis in rats.Methods: Liver cirrhosis model in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection with thioacetamide.Magnetic resonance imaging with TOF sequence was used to measure portal vein diameter (PVD).PVP was detected directly by transvenous catheterization of portal vein.Body weight, liver weight, spleen weight, liver volume and spleen volume were determined.The hydroxyproline content in liver was determined by alkaline hydrolysis assay, proportion of collagen area in liver was detected by Sirius red staining.Results: Liver cirrhosis model in rats was successfully established after intraperitoneal injection for 20 weeks.Compared with control group, mean PVP, liver weight, liver volume, spleen weight, PVD, liver volume/body weight (LV/BW) ratio, spleen volume/body weight (SV/BW) ratio, hydroxyproline content and proportion of collagen area were significantly increased in model group (P<0.05), and body weight was significantly decreased (P<0.001).PVP was positively correlated with LV/BW ratio and proportion of collagen area (P<0.05).Conclusions: LV/BW and proportion of collagen area can indirectly reflect the PVP, and may provide a non-invasive approach for evaluation of portal hypertension.

Long-term results of late-course accelerated hyperfractionation radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:This work aims to explore the long-term efficacy and complications of late-course accelerated hyperfrac-tionation (LCAHF) for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods:A total of 58 patients who consulted from December 2005 to May 2008 and histologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma at initial diagnosis were randomized into an LCAHF group (experimental group) and a conventional fractionation (CF) group (control group). The treatment dose for both groups was 2 Gy per fraction once dai-ly, 5 days a week. After the 40 Gy to 50 Gy dose, the dosage in the LCAHF group was increased to two daily doses at 1.5 Gy per frac-tion 6 h apart, 5 days a week. The total dose in this group was 73 Gy to 76 Gy, the total dose in the CF group was 70 Gy to 76 Gy, with the total course of the treatment shortened by 0.5 weeks to 1.5 weeks in the former group. Results:The 5-year control rates of the naso-pharyngeal cancers was 86% in the LCAHF group and 59% in the CF group (P=0.021), with statistically significant differences be-tween the two groups. The late complications slightly increased in the LCAHF group than in the CF group, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion:LCAHF treatment improves the local control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma without increasing the incidence of long-term complications.

Preparation and Quality Control of Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride Gel / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To prepare moxifloxacin hydrochloride gel and to establish a quality control method for the gel.METHODS:The gel was prepared with carbopol934as base,the content of moxifolxacin hydrochloride was determined by HPLC and the stability of which was investigated.RESULTS:The linear range of moxifloxacin hydrochloride was0.4?g～3?g(r=0.9999),the average recovery was98.41%(RSD=1.42%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The gel is reasonable in perfor?mulation,satisfactory in stability,and accurate and reliable in quality control.