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Objective To understand the current status of research on lung cancer immunotherapy to provide a reference for further investigation and future topic selection in this field. Methods CiteSpace visualization analysis software was used to analyze 400 Chinese studies in CNKI and 5 001 English studies in the Web of Science database from 2005 to 2021, with "lung cancer" and "immunotherapy" as keywords. Keyword co-occurrence analysis was performed on 17 English studies of "Lung Cancer" "Immunotherapy" and "Single cell sequencing" in the Web of Science database. Results "Non-small cell lung cancer" "immunosuppressants" "PD-L1" "dendritic cells" and "cytokine-induced killer cells" are current research hotspots in lung cancer immunotherapy. Monoclonal antibody drugs including nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab are hotspot drugs. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as well as PD-L1 expression have become the focus of continuous research. The majority of studies on lung cancer immunotherapy are conducted in the United States, followed by China. Conclusion Lung cancer immunotherapy has gradually become a research hot spot in China. In the future, in-depth research is needed to provide cutting-edge directions for lung cancer immunotherapy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the clinical value of individualized pharmaceutical services for patients receiving vancomycin for severe infections and establish clinical monitoring procedures during vancomycin treatment.@*METHODS@#Data were collected from patients with severe infections who received vancomycin treatment with individualized pharmacy services (test group, 144 cases) or without such services (control group, 884 cases) between January, 2017 and December, 2018. Using propensity score matching, the patients in the two groups with comparable baseline data were selected for inclusion in the study (62 in each group), and the efficacy, safety and economic indicators were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The curative effects of the treatment did not differ significantly between the two groups, with the overall response rates of 95.16% in the test group and 91.94% in the control group (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The participation of clinical pharmacists during the treatment can improve the clinical benefits of vancomycin in patients with severe infections.
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Humanos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Infecções/tratamento farmacológico , Assistência Farmacêutica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vancomicina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Objective To discuss the prognostic impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods From January,2005 through December,2006 we studied 461 patients with a discharge diagnosis of CHF.Patients were divided by baseline rhythm in sinus rhythm(SR) or AF groups.The main endpoints were all cause death within 3 years and readmission to the hospital for heart failure.Results AF group were more likely to be older and female and to have a history of valvular disease and have a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).However,SR group were more likely to have a history of ischemic heart disease.During 3 year follow-up,the main endpoints was higher in AF group than in those with SR group (P ＜0.01).After adjusting for other covariables,AF and age were related to increased the risk of main endpoints during 3 years follow-up (RR =1.311,95％ CI:1.002-1.715,P ＜0.05 ; RR =1.014,95％ CI:1.004-1.024,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion AF and age were the main risk factors of increased adverse forward prognosis in patients with CHF.
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OBJECTIVE:To develop a high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrography method (LC-MS/MS) for determination of huperzine A in human serum. METHODS:The clonidine was used as the internal standard,and the test serum samples after being liquid-liquid extracted by ethyl acetate,dried in organic phase and reconstituted in mobile phase were analyzed on a Phenomenex Luna CN column interfaced with LC-MS with Methanol-0.08% formic acid (46∶54 containing 0.2% ammonium acetate). Positive ion SRM detection was performed for ESI iron source. Target ions were at m/z 243. 2→210. 9 for Huperzine A with an impact energy of 30V and m/z 229. 9→212. 9 for the internal standard with an impact energy of 32V during 0.5 s (scan time). RESULTS:The assay was proved to be free from the interference from endogenous substance,and the linear concentration range of Huperzine A was 0.08～8 ng?mL-1(r=0.993 0～0.996 0). The intra-and inter-day precision over the entire concentration range were less than 15%. At low,middle and high concentrations,the mean extraction recoveries of Huperzine A were 69.9%,63.7% and 63.7%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The LC-MS/MS method is rapid,sensitive,simple,accurate and in which little amount of mediator is needed,thus meeting the requirement for the detection of biological specimen and applicable for the treatment of large batch of serum samples in clinical pharmacokinetic study.