Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection on the initial bacteriologic and radiographic manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda

Setting : TB Treatment Center; Kampala; Uganda. Objective : To evaluate the impact of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection on the bacteriologic radiographic presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda; a nation with high rates of mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV infection. Design : To compare baseline characteristics among HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected adults with initial newly-diagonised episodes of culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis screened for participation in a randomised prospective TB treatment trial. Results : Negative and paucibacilliary (very scanty or scanty) sputum acid fast bacilli (AFB) smears were more frequent in HIV-infected patients presenting with pulmonary TB (p