RESUMO
Primary health care [PHC] is a vital in any community. Any health centre with a well implemented PHC program can stand the test of time in curbing under five mortality and morbidity. This study was therefore aimed at assessing the activities in a health centre located in a rural area in Enugu state and to determine the pattern and presentation of various diseases in the health centre. This is retrospective study undertaken in a primary health care centre in Abakpa Nike in Enugu east LGA of Enugu State of Nigeria from December 2011 to December 31[st] 2013. Data retrieved were collected with the aid of a structured study proforma and analyzed using SPSS Version 18. Total number of children that attended immunization program in the health centre over 20 months period was 25, 438 [12, 348 males and 13090 females], however only 17745 children [7998 males and 9747 females] were actually registered in the hospital records. None of the children was immunized for DPT2 and OPV0 and HBV1 in the course of this study. The dropout rate using DPT1, 2 and 3 [DPT1-DPT2/DPT3] was very high [494%]. The mean immunization coverage rate was 8.3%. Family planning activities, integrated management of childhood illnesses program were also carried out in the health centre but at very low level. The major fulcrum of events in the health centre which include immunization coverage, IMCI, and management of common illnesses were simply non operational. However the health centre had a well knitted referral system
RESUMO
Child sexual abuse among adolescents is an often overlooked issue in pediatrics, yet it is a major cause of low self esteem and stigmatization in adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine the socioeconomic determinant and pattern of child sexual abuse among adolescent attending secondary schools in South East Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out among children in three secondary schools in Enugu and Ebonyi states of Nigeria. Five hundred and six adolescents who met inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited into our prospective study between June and October, 2014. One hundred and ninety nine [40%] of the respondents had been abused and the commonest form of abuse was to look at pornographic pictures, drawings, films, videotapes or magazine 93[18.4%]. Fifty eight [11.5%] adolescents stated that they were abused once with age at first exposure being 7-12 years 57 [11.4%]. When grouped together, family members and relatives are perpetrators of child sexual abuse. There was significant difference in sex abuse between males and females [p=0.014] while there were no significant difference for age [p=0.157] and social class [p=0.233]. Overall prevalence and one time prevalence rates of sexual abuse among adolescents in south east Nigeria was 40% and 11.5% respectively with male perpetrators. There is no link between socioeconomic class, age and child sexual abuse among adolescents
RESUMO
Background: Neonatal mortality rates are highest in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria inclusive. And so the aim of the current study was to audit the pattern of neonatal deaths. Study Design: A cross sectional retrospective descriptive study was undertaken. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Newborn Special Care Unit (NBSCU) of Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Umuahia with a review of the admissions and mortality register between 2000 and 2010. Methods: A review of the admissions and mortality register of the NBSCU between 2000 and 2010 was undertaken. Data extracted from the register included socio-demographic variables, birth weight, diagnosis/cause of death, duration of hospitalization, place of delivery (inborn/out-born), source of referral. Results: Total admission over the period was 2,756 comprising 1541 (55.9%) males and 1215 (44.1%) females. Total deaths was 440, comprising 235 (53.4%) males and 205 (46.6%) females.An overall case fatality rate of 16.0% was reported in the current study with mean age at death being 4.7± 6.0 days (0.01- 28 days). Majority of the dead cases were out-born, 263/440 (59.8%) compared to in-born, 177/440 (40.2%). Forty two percent (185 cases) of the deaths occurred with 24 hours of hospitalization while 25.9% (114 cases) passed on after 72 hours of admission. The leading probable direct causes of neonatal deaths were birth asphyxia (141), preterm delivery (133), neonatal sepsis (58), severe neonatal Jaundice (41), and neonatal tetanus (14). Most deaths (42.0%) occurred in the first 24hours irrespective of the cause of death. Conclusion: High rate of neonatal mortality, most of which are largely preventable as observed in the index study still abound in our locale. High cost effective maternal and newborn interventions could be applied even at community levels where most of the deliveries occur to save lives of the newborns.