Electrolytes alterations in plasma and urine after 28 days repeated oral dose toxicity of mercuric chloride in wistar rat.

An experiment was conducted to study the electrolytes alteration in experimentally induced mercuric chloride in wistar rat. For this rats were uniformly divided in four different dose group 0.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/kg body weight ranging from asymptomatic to high dose for 28 consecutive days. In this experiment, blood was collected on 0, 14 and at the end of experiment. In mercuric chloride treated group dose dependent significant increase in plasma glucose, sodium, and chloride and creatinine level. Same parameters studied in urine showed significant increase in excretion of electrolytes and glucose in urine while urine creatinine was decrease. Mercuric chloride produced dose depended electrolytes alteration in wistar rat at given dose.

Effect of mercuric chloride on oxidative stress and target organ pathology in wistar rat.

Mercury is the highly toxic metal that exerts its adverse effect on health of human and animals through air, soil water and food. For the present study, the toxic effect was observed by oral administration of mercuric chloride daily for 4 weeks at doses ranging from of 0 to 8 mg/kg/day. Histopathology was also carried out of both for kidney and liver. Significantl increased in lipid peroxidation and decreased Superoxide dismutase enzymes were observed in treated groups as compared to control . The gross changes were characterized by swellingand paleness of kidney and liver. Microscopic examination has revealed liver revealed hemorrhage, leukocytic infiltration, hepatocyte hypertrophy, necrosis and increased vacuolization incidence and the severity increased with increase treatment dose. In addition kidney showed proteineous cast in the lumen of tubules, narrowing of lumen, infiltration and necrosis.

Bacteriological analysis of uncooked pork sausages in relation to public health.

One hundred and eighteen samples of uncooked pork sausages were analysed bacteriologically. The total aerobic plate count ranged from 1.8 x 10(8) to 9.2 x 10(8) CFU/g in the samples. High mean counts of Staphylococci, Enterococci, Micrococci, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella and Coliforms were observed. Staphylococcus aureus were encountered with count range 2.8 x 10(6) CFU/g to 7.4 x 10(6) CFU/g. The viable count of Escherichia coli ranged from 2.0 x 10(5) to 4.3 x 10(5) CFU/g. Clostridium perfringens were detected in 66.9% of samples with a count ranging from 3.9 x 10(2) to 1.1 x 10(7) Cl. perfringens/g. None of 118 samples contained Yersinia enterocolitica.

Comparative study in cattle and buffaloes for evaluation of various diagnostic tests for brucellosis.

Serum samples from 1134 vaccinated and non vaccinated animals (775 cattle and 359 buffaloes) were screened with different serological tests like Rose Bengal plate Test (RBPT), plate agglutination test (PAT) and standard tube agglutination test (SAT). The agreement between these three screening tests was 87.19% and 97.86% in vaccinated and non vaccinated cattle while corresponding figures in buffaloes were 91.56% and 84.42%. Among vaccinated animals a positive percentage of 12.8 and 8.8 was noticed in cattle was 4.7 and 6.3, respectively by RBPT. All the positive sera samples were further tested by mercaptoethanol test (MET) and heat inactivation test (HIT) to conform the result of screening tests and to differentiate vaccinal titre from that of active infection. It was concluded that RBPT is overall best screening test to diagnose bovine brucellosis. MET and HIT are good supplementary tests but MET is better than HIT both in cattle and buffaloes. Some high titered non vaccinated buffaloes were negative in RBPT but positive by all other tests.