Antihypertensive Effect of Tianmu Jiangya Powder on SHR Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the antihypertensive effect of Tianmu Jiangya powder and its related antihypertensive mechanism by using SHR rats as a model, and protein expressions provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of Tianmu Jiangya powder in the treatment of hypertension. Method::Sixty male SHR rats were randomly divided into six groups according to body weight after one week of adaptive feeding: model group, valsartan group (12 mg·kg-1), captopril group (9 mg·kg-1), hydrochlorothiazide group (6 mg·kg-1), Tianmu Jiangya powder low and high-dose group (0.36, 1.44 g·kg-1), WKY rats were used as the normal group, and the intragastric administration lasted for 16 weeks. Softron BP-2010A intelligent non-invasive blood pressure meter was used to measure the systolic blood pressure (SBP)and heart rate (HR) of rat tail arteries. Adobe Photoshop CS5 software was used to analyze the left auricle and claw fixed selected areas to evaluate the effect on blood stasis syndrome. Vevo 2100 small animal ultrasound imaging system detects left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shortening (FS), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systole dimension (LVIDs), left ventricular end-diastole dimension (LVIDd), interventricular septum end-systolic depth (IVSs), and interventricular septum end-diastolic depth (IVSd). Then the rats were sacrificed and the materials were taken (blood, heart, aorta, liver, kidney, tibia), and the weight of heart, liver, kidney and tibia length were measured and recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the heart and thoracic aorta. Separation of serum and plasma, and determination of nitric oxide (NO) in serum by nitrate reductase method. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect plasma adrenaline/3 methoxyadrenaline (MN), urea (UREA), and uric acid (UA) contents. The expression of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein in thoracic aorta of each group was detected and analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Result::Compared with normal group, the SBP and HR of the rats in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The r value of the claw was significantly reduced and the g value was significantly increased at 8 and 16 weeks (P<0.05). LVEF and FS significantly decreased, LVESV, LVIDs, IVSd increased significantly (P<0.05). Heart weight, heart weight /tibia length, liver weight and liver weight /tibia length, plasma of MN, UREA, and UA contents significantly increased, and promoted the expression of iNOS and VEGF proteins in the aortic (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the Tianmu Jiangya powder administration group could continuously reduce SBP in SHR rats, maintain HR stability (P<0.05), significantly increase the claw of r value, lower the claw of g value(P<0.05). LVEF, FS significantly increased, LVEDV, LVESV, LVIDd and LVIDs significantly decreased (P<0.05), significantly increased serum NO content, decreased liver weight, liver weight/tibia length, plasma MN, UREA, UA content (P<0.05), and down-regulated the expression of iNOS and VEGF protein in the aorta(P<0.05). Conclusion::Tianmu Jiangya powder has a certain antihypertensive effect, and its mechanism may be mainly related to protecting heart function, improving vascular endothelial function, reducing catecholamines and sedative analgesia.

Erratum to: The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster

The authors note that on page 637 (Author Name), author affiliation of Tao Liu “Tao Liu⁶” should instead appear as “Tao Liu⁵.”

Clinical Characteristics of Brucellosis Complicated by Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuresis / 中国医学科学院学报

To summarize and analyze the causes of hyponatremia in patients with brucellosis and explore the clinical manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis(SIAD)in patients with brucellosis. The clinical data of 111 patients with acute brucellosis who were treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Hyponatremia was defined by serum sodium level lower than 135 mmol/L.Clinical characteristics including medical histories,vital signs,and laboratory test findings were collected and analyzed. Hyponatremia was found in 14(12.6%)of 111 patients with brucellosis,among whom 3 patients were confirmed to be with SIAD,10 were suspected as SIAD,and 1 was diagnosis as hypopituitarism.Hypoalbuminemia,elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and high sensitivity C reactive protein were found in brucellosis patients with SIAD,along with severe complications such as infective endocarditis,septic shock,and anemia. Hyponatremia is not a rare condition in brucellosis patients and may be caused by SIAD.

The treatment effect of novel hGHRH homodimer to male infertility hamster

Extra-hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) plays an important role in reproduction. To study the treatment effect of Grin (a novel hGHRH homodimer), the infertility models of 85 male Chinese hamsters were established by intraperitoneally injecting 20 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide once in a week for 5 weeks and the treatment with Grin or human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) as positive control was evaluated by performing a 3-week mating experiment. 2–8 mg/kg of Grin and 200 U/kg of hMG showed similar effect and different pathological characteristics. Compared to the single cyclophosphamide group (0%), the pregnancy rates (H-, M-, L-Grin 26.7, 30.8, 31.3%, and hMG 31.3%) showed significant difference, but there was no difference between the hMG and Grin groups. The single cyclophosphamide group presented loose tubules with pathologic vacuoles and significant TUNEL positive cells. Grin induced less weight of body or testis, compactly aligned tubules with little intra-lumens, whereas hMG caused more weight of body or testis, enlarging tubules with annular clearance. Grin presented a dose-dependent manner or cell differentiation-dependentincrease in testicular GHRH receptor, and did not impact the levels of blood and testicular GH, testosterone. Grin promotes fertility by proliferating and differentiating primitive cells through up-regulating testicular GHRH receptor without triggering GH secretion, which might solve the etiology of oligoasthenozoospermia.

Procalcitonin impact analysis, respiratory function and blood gas analysis on Xiaoqinglong decoction combined with non-invasive ventilation in treatment of AECOPD patients / 中国中药杂志

To observe the effect of Xiaoqinglong decoction combined with noninvasive ventilation on procalcitonin (PCT), blood gas analysis and respiratory functions in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly (AECOPD), and investigate its correlation and clinical significance. Eighty-four elderly AECOPD patients with respiratory failure in our hospital from January 2015 to October 2017, were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 42 cases in each group. The control group received western medicine combined with noninvasive ventilator therapy, and the patients in observation group additionally received Xiaoqinglong decoction on the basis of the treatment in control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. The clinical effects of two groups were observed and their PCT, blood gas analysis outcomes [arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), respiratory function, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC], TCM syndrome score and other indexes and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment. The total efficiency was 95.24% (40/42) in observation group, higher than 76.19% (32/42) in control group, with statistically significant difference (<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in PCT, PaO₂, PaCO₂, FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEV1, and TCM syndrome scores between two groups before treatment. But after treatment, PCT and PaCO₂ levels in the observation group were lower and PaO₂, FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEV1 levels was higher than those in the control group (<0.05); TCM syndrome scores were lower than those in the control group (<0.05); both groups had no obvious adverse reactions. The results showed that Xiaoqinglong decoction combined with noninvasive ventilator could significantly reduce the procalcitonin level, effectively improve the respiratory function and blood gas analysis indexes, and significantly reduce the clinical symptoms in AECOPD patients, so it is worthy of promotion.

Serotype distribution of Salmonella tcpS gene and its application in identification of specific serovars / 中国人兽共患病学报

A tcpS-based PCR method was established to simultaneously screen Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin.The developed PCR method provides laboratorial support as a convenient and rapid approach for epidemiological investigation,and tcpS can be a potential candidate gene for the development of PCR-based Salmonella identification.The serotype distribution of Salmonella tcpS gene was analyzed by bioinformatic approach.The specificity and sensitivity of the PCR method were determined based on 27 different Salmonella serovars and 10 non-Salmonella strains.The PCR method was applied to clinical Salmonella isolates from one pig farm (48 isolates),one chicken farm (22 isolates) and one cattle farm (11 isolates) from Jiangsu Province.In silico analysis showed that tcpS existed only in Salmonella Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin.The developed PCR method had potent specificity and sensitivity,and could screen the three specific Salmonella serovars accurately.The coincidence rate of the clinical sample detection was up to 100％.The tcpS-based PCR detection method could screen Salmonella Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin accurately,and could be an assistant method to the traditional serotyping method.Furthermore,the novel tcpS gene can be a potent gene candidate for the development of PCR method for the identification of Salmonella serovars.

Application of three-dimensional printed skull in the teaching of human anatomy / 基础医学与临床

Objective This experiment aimed to find out the feasibility of applying 3D printing technology to anato-my education. Methods We constructed 3D printed skull using a cadaveric skull as template.26 participants were recruited from Peking Union Medical College. All participants studied cranial anatomy with 3D printed skulls as teaching materials,and then assessed practicability of 3D printed skulls by subjective assessment questionnaires. Results 57% participants considered that 3D printed skulls can present defined cranial anatomical structures.More than 90% participants agreed that 3D printed models helped spatial comprehension and study of anatomy.88% par-ticipants suggested 3D printing can solve the problem of ethics.84% participants agreed to apply 3D printed models into cranial anatomy education. Conclusions The efficacy of 3D printing had been confirmed in anatomical educa-tion. Further application of 3D printing technology in medical education needs carrying out.

Serotype distribution of Salmonella tcpS gene and its application in identification of specific serovars / 中国人兽共患病学报

A tcpS-based PCR method was established to simultaneously screen Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin.The developed PCR method provides laboratorial support as a convenient and rapid approach for epidemiological investigation,and tcpS can be a potential candidate gene for the development of PCR-based Salmonella identification.The serotype distribution of Salmonella tcpS gene was analyzed by bioinformatic approach.The specificity and sensitivity of the PCR method were determined based on 27 different Salmonella serovars and 10 non-Salmonella strains.The PCR method was applied to clinical Salmonella isolates from one pig farm (48 isolates),one chicken farm (22 isolates) and one cattle farm (11 isolates) from Jiangsu Province.In silico analysis showed that tcpS existed only in Salmonella Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin.The developed PCR method had potent specificity and sensitivity,and could screen the three specific Salmonella serovars accurately.The coincidence rate of the clinical sample detection was up to 100％.The tcpS-based PCR detection method could screen Salmonella Enteritidis,Pullorum/Gallinarum,and Dublin accurately,and could be an assistant method to the traditional serotyping method.Furthermore,the novel tcpS gene can be a potent gene candidate for the development of PCR method for the identification of Salmonella serovars.

Study on the Voltage-current Characteristics and Blood Flow Perfusion of Sanyinjiao (SP6) in Healthy Female Subjects / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the changing rules of the voltage-current characteristics and blood flow perfusion of Sanyinjiao (SP6) at different time points of a menstrual cycle in healthy female subjects, and provide evidence for acupoint specificity.Method Fifty-one healthy college students were observed for the voltage-current characteristics and blood flow of Sanyinjiao and its control point before, during and after menstruation.Result The increasing volt-ampere area, decreasing volt-ampere area and inertial area of left Sanyinjiao were significantly smaller than those of the control point during and at the end of menstruation (P<0.05), and the inertial area of right Sanyinjiao was significantly smaller than that of the control point during menstruation (P<0.05); during non-menstruation period and at the end of menstruation, the blood flow perfusion of bilateral Sanyinjiao was significantly larger than that of the control point (P<0.05), and the blood flow of left Sanyinjiao was significantly larger than that of the control point (P<0.05) during menstruation period; the blood flow perfusion of right Sanyinjiao showed a significant negative correlation with the increasing volt-ampere area and inertial area (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupoint can sensitively reflect the qi-blood change of human body, and the rich blood flow in acupoint area should be a crucial reason causing the low resistance.

Improving ultrasonic unit configuration in field medical team / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To improve ultrasonic unit configuration of the field medical team.Methods The problems of the ultrasonic unit were analyzed in operating platform setup,personnel and facility allocation,application of interventional ultrasound,cross infection prevention and etc,and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.Results There were interdependence and interaction among the elements of the ultrasonic unit,and the rational configuration made the requirements satisfied for interventional therapy,massive casualty diagnosis,bed side application and etc.Conclusion Improved configuration enhances the efficacy of the ultrasonic unit of the field medical team.

Expression and its clinical significance of ERCC1 in stage Ⅱ colorectal carcinoma / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of excision repair cross complementing gene 1 (ERCC1 )in colorectal carcinoma of stage Ⅱ and its clinical significance.Methods We collected 56 cases of stage Ⅱ postoperative colorectal carcinoma tissue and detected ERCC1 expression with immunofluorescence technique.Statistical analysis was made with SPSS13.0 software.Results ERCC1 expression was obviously lower in stage II postoperative colorectal carcinoma tissue than in normal tissue (P =0.01).In cancer tissue,ERCC1 expression in patients with relapse or metastasis was significantly lower than in those without (P =0.002);ERCC1 expression in patients with T3 was significantly higher than those with T4 (P = 0.044).ERCC1 expression had a positive correlation with the overall survival (OS)and disease-free survival (DFS)(both P =0.000).In the group of high ERCC1 expression patients,five-year OS rate and DFS rate between patients who had received oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy and those who did not have no significant difference (P =0.351;P =0.465).In the group of low ERCC1 expression patients,five-year OS rate and DFS rate of patients who received oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly higher than those of patients who did not (P =0.015,P =0.02).ERCC1 (P =0.031 )and relapse or metastasis (P =0.009)were independent factors affecting OS;relapse or metastasis (P =0.000)was an independent factor affecting DFS.Conclusion ERCC1 is an independent factor affecting the OS of patients with stage Ⅱ colorectal carcinoma.Patients with low ERCC1 expression have poor prognosis,but they can benefit from oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Expression of PLCE1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and survival analysis / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate PLCE1 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)tissues,and understand the effect of PLCE1 protein expression on the prognosis of patients with ESCC.Methods The PLCE1 protein were detected in 85 patients with surgically resected ESCC paraffin-embedded tissue using immunohistochemical staining,the patients' information were selected from March 1997 to December 2011 in the database of the Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research,and the survival analysis were operated with Kaplan Meier single factor and Cox multivariate regression.Results In the 85 cases,the lost to follow-up were 5 cases,the follow-up rate was 94.1％ (80/85).In the 80 cases with ESCC,the positive expression rate of PLCE1 was 77.5％ (62/80).PLCE1 positive expression was not significantly associated with differentiation,infiltration depth,lymph node metastasis and family history with ESCC (P ＞ 0.05).The univariate survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier showed that protein expression of PLCE1 had no significant association with overall survival (P ＞ 0.05).Cox regression survival analysis showed that the lymph node metastasis was associated with the survival time of ESCC patients [the relative risk were 1.763,95％ CI(1.008,3.084),P =0.047].Conclusion The expression of PLCE1 protein was involved in mechanism of ESCC,and might not predicted the prognosis of the patients with ESCC.

Research progress of the role of platelet in malignant tumor metastasis / 医学研究生学报

Recurrence and metastasis are important characteristics of malignant tumors , and also the main cause of death . How to prevent and control tumor recurrence and metastasis is an important subject to be solved urgently .In recent years, in addition to the function of hemostasis and thrombosis , a large number of studies have confirmed that platelets also play an important role in the oc -currence and development of malignant tumors .This review article focuses on the following five aspects of tumor invasion and metasta-sis:the protection of tumor cells , platelet aggregation and adhesion to promote tumor cell metastasis , platelet-promoting tumor cell exu-dation, platelet in tumor angiogenesis and the role of platelet particles .

Shp2 regulates cigarette smoke extract-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effects of Shp2 on cig-arette smoke extract (CSE)-induced epithelial-mesen-chymal transition (EMT). Methods The effects of CSE on TGF-β1 levels in epithelial cells were meas-ured by Q-PCR and ELISA. Immunofluorescent stai-ning was used to assess the expressions of CSE-induced EMT-related markers. The activation of CSE-induced Shp2,Smad2 was investigated by Western blot. Re-sults CSE induced Shp2 phosphorylation in a concen-tration-dependent manner in A549 cells. PHPS1 inhib-ited the increase in mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 induced by CSE. PHPS1 regulated the expres-sions of CSE-induced EMT markers (down-regulation of E-cadherin,up-regulation expression of Vimentin and α-SMA). The inhibition of either Shp2 inhibitor or Shp2 siRNA decreased Smad2 phosphorylation induced by CSE. Conclusions CSE initiates EMT through the Shp2 / Smad2 signaling pathway,which is activated by CSE through TGF-β1 generation. It is suggested that Shp2 might be a possible new target for COPD and lung cancer therapy.

Characteristics of Balance and Surface Electromyography of Trunk Flexor and Extensor for Stroke Patients / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To study balance function and surface electromyography (sEMG) activity of erector spinae (ES) and rectus ab-dominis(RA)in stroke patients.Methods From April,2015 to December,2016,17 stroke patients(test group)and 13 healthy subjects(con-trol group)were tested with balance platform:sitting with eyes open/close,with the platform swing of 10°,with trunk flexion and extension in maximum.The root mean square(RMS)of sEMG was recorded on both sides of ES and RA synchronously.The swing length and area of center of mass,the center of pressure on X and Y axes were also recorded as sitting with eyes open/close.Results For the test group,RMS of bilateral ES was significantly different as sitting with eyes open/close and with trunk flexion and extension in maximum (t>2.173, P<0.05).Compared with the control group,RMS of ES and RA in unaffected side increased as sitting with eyes open/close(t>2.175,P<0.05), as well as the swing length and area of center of mass(t>2.760,P<0.05).Conclusion The strength imbalance is found in ES in stroke pa-tients,which may associate with the balance function impairment,and need to be improved in rehabilitation.

Application of Metagenomics in Forensic Identification / 法医学杂志

With the development of molecular biology and genomics,metagenomics is playing a more important role in forensic science and forensic identification.In recent years,as a branch discipline studying the composition profile and diversity of microbe flora as well as studying the interaction within microbe and with environment,the application of metagenomics has gradually risen and brought new opportunities for forensic identification-related area.In this review,strategy of metagenomics and its application in forensic identification including individual identification,origin determination of biological stain in crime scene and drug abuse detection are summarized.This article aims to elucidate the role and application value of metagenomics in forensic science.

Onboard physical training in weightless environment: A review / 解放军医学杂志

With the advancement of manned space science and technology,the scope of human exploration into outer space has been gradually expanded.The time and distances that astronauts flight on-board are becoming longer and longer.However,long-term microgravity can negatively affect astronauts' physical and psychological aspects,thus influencing their health and leading to the failure of work tasks,and even threatening their lives.This paper reviews USA,Russia and Europe research results in the field of astronauts on-board physical training methods and health protection measures,with the purpose of learning from their successful experience.Overall,it is suggested that for cross complementation in sport science,we should make the introduction of advanced and successful training systems to solve problems existing in astronauts on-board training,ensuring the maintenance of health.

Advances in the study of long non-coding RNA in the therapy resistance of breast cancer / 医学研究生学报

The occurrence of breast cancer therapy resistance is one of the most important reasons for the failure of breast cancer treatment.Once there was therapy resistance,breast cancer patients will suffer from advance of the cancer,replace of the tumor and distance metastasis,which will cause decrease of the quality of life and increase of the mortality rate.Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a very important role in the tumorigenesis and development.There are few reports about lncRNA in the resistance of breast cancer at home and abroad,especially in the field of molecular targeted therapy.However,understanding the role of lncRNA in the therapy resistance of breast cancer can effectively improve the effectiveness of several treat approaches of breast cancer.This article reviews the function of lncRNA in breast cancer chemotherapy,endocrine therapy and molecular targeted therapy and further clarify its molecular mechanism.

Effects of kangnao liquid on the expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 天津医药

Objective To observe the effect of kangnao liquid on the expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, and to discuss the mechanism. Methods A total of 48 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham-operation group, model group, kangnao liqiud group [14.30 g/(kg·d)] and edaravone group [10.00 mg/(kg·d)], 12 rats in each group. The rats in kangnao liqiud group and edaravone group were administrated by intragastric administration. The rats in sham-operation group and model group were administrated with equal volume of normal saline. After treating for 7 days, except for the sham-operation group, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was made by suture method in the other three groups. After 2 h of ischemia, the rats were reperfused for 24 h. Six rats in each group were randomly selected for observing the neurological function. TTC staining was used to observe the morphology of the brain tissue and calculate the percentage of infarction. The morphology of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was observed by HE staining in the remaining animals, and the expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 in the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results Compared with the sham-operation group, model group showed an obvious neurological deficit, and the percentage of cerebral infarction increased significantly. At the same time, nerve cells of cerebral cortex and hippocampus revealed degeneration and necrosis, stroma edema, and the expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 in hippocampus significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the neurological deficit symptoms and the percentage of cerebral infarction significantly reduced, changes of neuron morphology were lighter, and the expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 decreased significantly in kangnao liqiud group and edaravone group (P<0.05).Conclusion Kangnao liquid shows protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which may be related with the decreased expressions of LC3 and Beclin 1 in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.