Application of bilateral facial perforator artery flap in repairing large area defect in middle and lower part of nose / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of bilateral facial perforator artery flap in repairing large area defect in middle and lower part of nose.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 18 patients with large area defect in middle and lower part of nose repaired by bilateral facial perforator artery flap between January 2019 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 13 males and 5 females, the age ranged from 43 to 81 years, with an average of 63 years. There were 3 cases of nasal trauma, 4 cases of basal cell carcinoma, 8 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 1 case of lymphoma, and 2 cases of large area solar keratosis. The size of the defect ranged from 3.0 cm×3.0 cm to 4.5 cm×4.0 cm; the size of unilateral flap ranged from 3.0 cm×1.3 cm to 3.5 cm×2.0 cm, and the size of bilateral flaps ranged from 3.3 cm×2.6 cm to 4.5 cm×4.0 cm.@*RESULTS@#One patient developed skin flap necrosis after operation, and a frontal skin flap was used to repair the wound; 1 case gradually improved after removing some sutures due to venous congestion in the skin flap, and the wound healing was delayed after dressing change; the remaining 16 cases of bilateral facial perforator artery flaps survived well and all wounds healed by first intention, without any "cat ear" malformation. All 18 patients had first intention healing in the donor area, leaving linear scars without obvious scar hyperplasia, and no facial organ displacement. All patients were followed up 3-12 months, with an average of 6 months. Due to the appropriate thickness of the flap, none of the 18 patients underwent secondary flap thinning surgery. All flaps had good blood circulation, similar texture and color to surrounding tissues, symmetrical bilateral nasolabial sulcus, and high patient satisfaction.@*CONCLUSION@#The bilateral facial perforator artery flaps for repairing large area defect in middle and lower part of nose can achieve good appearance and function, and the operation is relatively simple, with high patient satisfaction.

Expression and clinical significance of NLRP1 and NLRP3 in colonic tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the expressions of NLRP1 and NLRP3 in the colon of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and analyze the correlation of the expressions with severity of UC, endoscopic manifestations and related laboratory indicators. 【Methods】 We collected biopsical specimens obtained with colonoscopy in 46 patients with UC (22 mild cases and 24 moderate to severe cases) and 20 cases of normal control group. We used the disease activity index to evaluate the Mayo UC inflammatory activity and immunohistochemical method to detect the protein expression levels of intestinal mucosal NLRP1 and NLRP3 in the tissue. RT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of NLRP1 and NLRP3 mRNA in intestinal mucosal tissues. Meanwhile, the colonoscopy, serum uric acid, C-reactive protein, serum sedimentation rate, platelet count, low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol of UC patients were also counted to further analyze the relationship between NLRP1 and NLRP3. 【Results】 The expressions of NLRP1 and NLRP3 protein and mRNA in colonic mucosal tissues of UC patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls (P<0.05). Compared with that in mild UC, the expression of NLRP1 in colonic mucosal tissues of moderate and severe UC patients was significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expressions of NLRP1 and NLRP3 in colonic mucosal tissues of UC patients with different lesion ranges. NLRP1 expression was positively correlated with Mayo overall score, Mayo endoscopic score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein (P<0.05), NLRP3 expression was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (P<0.05), but not correlated with Mayo overall score, Mayo endoscopic score, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. NLRP1 expression was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein and platelet (P<0.05), but not with uric acid or cholesterol. NLRP3 was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein, uric acid and cholesterol (P<0.05), but not with platelet. 【Conclusion】 NLRP1 and NLRP3 may be involved in the pathogenesis of UC and related to disease activity. Therefore, they can be used as molecular targets for targeted therapy, and NLRP1 can be used as a predictor of mucosal healing.

Expression and Significance of TIPE2 in Ulcerative Colitis / 胃肠病学

Background:TIPE2 is a newly identified negative regulator of innate and adaptive immunity that maintains immune homeostasis and immune tolerance. It has been demonstrated that TIPE2 is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and organs in humans. Aims:To investigate the expression of TIPE2 in peripheral blood and colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)and non-UC subjects,and to explore the role of TIPE2 in the initiation and development of UC. Methods:Forty-two peripheral blood samples and 30 colonic mucosa samples from patients with active UC were collected during Jan. 2015 to Aug. 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University. Peripheral blood and colonic mucosa samples from non-UC subjects were served as controls. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of TIPE2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and colonic mucosal tissues, respectively. Results:Expression level of TIPE2 mRNA in peripheral blood of UC patients had a trend to increase but no significant difference was found between UC patients and the controls(P >0.05). When classified by Truelove-Witts severity index,there was no significant difference among patients with severe,moderate and mild UC(P >0. 05). Expression level of TIPE2 protein was significantly higher in colonic mucosa of UC patients than that of the controls(P<0.05);the expression level increased with increase of histological grade of UC,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusions:Increased colonic expression of TIPE2 might contribute to the initiation and development of UC.

The role of protease activated receptor 2 in visceral sensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome patients / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the role of PAR2 in the visceral sensitivity of IBS patients by observing the expression of rectal PAR2 in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and the effect of exogenous PAR2 on visceral sensitivity.Methods Based on Rome III criteria,16 patients with constipation predominant IBS (IBS-C),18 patients with diarrhea predominant IBS (IBS-D ),and 1 8 controls were selected from our hospital inpatient and outpatient departments. All the patients received colonoscopic examination and rectal mucosa biopsies. The expression of rectal mucosa PAR2 was observed by immunohistochemistry and Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.We studied the abdominal reactions by administering the PAR2 agonist in the rectal mucosa of rats to explore whether PAR2 is involved in visceral sensitivity.Results The results of PAR2 immunohistochemistry showed that PAR2 was mainly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells,especially in the villi;in addition,endothelial cells were also found positive.While the integral optical density (IA)of PAR2 expression did not significantly differ between IBS-D or IBS-C patients and controls according to the IPP image analysis.The PAR2 mRNA level in IBS-D or IBS-C patients was not significantly different from that of the control group by Real-time PCR analysis.There was no significant difference between the IBS-D and IBS-C groups.The EMG activity significantly increased in a volume-dependent manner during the rectal balloon expansion in the PAR2 agonist group.However,there was little EMG activity when the balloon was not dilated.The area under the curve in the PAR2 agonist group with 0 mL,0.4 mL and 0.6 mL of distension volume did not differ compared with that of the vehicle group.When the balloon volume increased to 0.8 mL,1.0 mL and 1.2 mL,the EMG activity was statistically significant (P<0.01)in the PAR2 agonist group compared with the control group.Conclusion PAR2 is highly expressed in the rectal mucosa of IBS patients.Administration of exogenous PAR2 agonist increases visceral sensitivity,suggesting that PAR2 is involved in visceral sensitivity.

Comparison of Effects of Laparoscopic and Open Radical Hysterectomy on Serum IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ Levels of Patients with Cervical Cancer / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To compare of the effects of laparoscopic and open radical hysterectomy on the serum Interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-10 (IL-10),tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels of Patients with Cervical Cancer.Methods:64 patients of cervical cancer who were treated from March 2014 to September 2016 in our hospital were selected as research objects.The patients were randomly divided into the abdominal cavity group and open group.The operative time,blood loss,postoperative ventilation time and the levels of IL-4,IL-10,TNF-a and IFN-γin serum before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative ventilation time were significantly lower or shorter in the abdominal cavity group than in the open group (P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the operation time between the two groups (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of serum IL-4,IL-10,TNF-α and IFN-γ between the two groups before operation(P＞0.05);The serum IL-4 level was significantly lower than that of the open group during the operation (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the other three index between the other three groups and the laparotomy group (P＞0.05).The serum levels of IL-4,IL-10,TNF-α and IFN-γ in the abdominal cavity group were significantly lower than those of the laparotomy group on the 1 st and 7th day after operation(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic radical mastectomy in cervical intraoperative less blood loss and more secure.The effect of IL-4,IL-10,TNF-α and IFN-γin the postoperative patients was more obvious.Conducive to the recovery of patients after surgery.

Camostat mesilate, a protease inhibitor, inhibits visceral sensitivity and spinal c-fos expression in rats with acute restraint stress / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of gut protease activity on visceral hypersensitivity in rats with acute restraint stress.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sprague-Dawley rats were given 30, 100 or 300 mg/kg camostat mesilate (CM), a protease inhibitor, or saline intragastrically 30 min before acute restraint stress induced by wrapping the fore shoulders, upper forelimbs and thoracic trunk for 2 h. Visceral perception of the rats was quantified as the visceral motor response with an electromyography, and the rectal mucosa and feces protease activity and spinal c-fos expression were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CM dose-dependently reduced visceral sensitization elicited by rectal distension, but these doses did not completely inhibit stress-induced visceral sensitization. In normal rats, c-fos expression was found mainly in the superal spinal cord dorsal horn, and after the administration the CM, c-fos-positive cells decreased significantly in all dose groups (P<0.05). In 30 mg/kg CM group, fecal and rectal mucosal protease activity significantly decreased as compared with that in the stress group (P<0.05), and as CM dose increased to 100 and 300 mg/kg, the protease activity decreased even further (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gut protease is involved in acute stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity, and CM can lower the visceral sensitivity and spinal c-fos expression in rats.</p>

Effect of high glucose on toll-like receptor 4 expression and LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in hepatic stellate cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of high glucose on the expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and proinflammatory cytokine production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in hepatic stellate cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hepatic stellate cell line T6 was cultured in vitro and stimulated by high glucose. The mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. After a 24-h pretreatment with high or low glucose, the cells were stimulated with LPS for 2 h, and Western blotting was used to detect the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB); at 24 h of LPS exposure, the cells were examined for MCP-1 and IL-6 mRNA and protein expression levels with RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High glucose significantly increased the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 (P<0.01) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. High glucose promoted NF-κB nuclear translocation and significantly enhanced the expression and secretion of both MCP-1 and IL-6 (P<0.01). Pretreatment with high glucose significantly promoted LPS-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation (P<0.01) and the mRNA expression and secretion of MCP-1 and IL-6.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High glucose can increase TLR4 mRNA and protein expressions in hepatic stellate cells and promote LPS-induced NF-κB activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines.</p>