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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China （CPC）， a continuous stream of scientific and technological innovations has unfolded in the realm of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. With the aim of implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC， and the Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation and Development of TCM， and to underscore the exemplary role of significant scientific and technological achievements， the China Association of Chinese Medicine， in alignment with relevant requirements and under the guidance of authoritative experts， has organized a comprehensive review of the important scientific and technological achievements in the field of TCM since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. Through rigorous procedures， including collecting and reviewing achievements， writing achievement reports， organizing expert reviews， and seeking public opinions， remarkable research achievements in TCM during 2012—2022 were compiled.
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With the progress of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for lung cancer, the clinical demand for lung biopsy is increasing. An ideal biopsy specimen can be used not only for histopathological diagnosis, but also for biomarker detection. The ideal biopsy specimen should meet two requirements, including more than 60 mm2 of tumor tissue and containing more than 20% of tumor cells. In order to obtain ideal lung cancer biopsy specimens, advanced imaging techniques are needed to help. In this article, we reviewed the requirements for biopsy specimens based on biomarker detection, as well as the current status and research progress of using imaging techniques for preoperative planning and intraoperative real time guidance of lung cancer biopsy. .
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Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Biópsia , Biomarcadores , ImunoterapiaRESUMO
Objective:Based on the academic papers published by Peking University First Hospital in the past 11 years, this paper analyzes the international cooperation in scientific research and aims to provide reference for the formulation of future scientific research programs.Methods:Bibliometric analysis was used to analyze the current status and trend of international cooperation, the journal distribution and preferences, as well as the subject distribution and participation.Results:It is found that the international cooperation has made some progress in recent years, however, the international cooperation rate is basically the same, while the level of cooperation should be improved. The level of international cooperation varies among different disciplines, the more strong disciplines are higher than others. Most research are concentrated in clinical medicine, basic research and other interdisciplinary research need to be strengthened.Conclusions:For the next step, we should improve the top-level design of international cooperation, strengthen the international cooperation in basic research and interdisciplinary research, and promote the development of discipline construction.
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Objective:To construct an evaluation scale for post competence of family doctors based on knowledge-skill-management model.Methods:The evaluation dimensions and indicators for post competency of family doctors were preliminarily developed through literature review, internal group meeting and brainstorming, and in-depth interviews of experts. And 16 experts in the fields of general practice and health management were invited for 2 rounds of Delphi consultation from December 2020 to April 2021. A competency evaluation scale for family doctors based on the dimensions of knowledge, skills and management was finally constructed.Results:The age of the experts was (47.9±7.3) years with a working experience of (24.6±7.8) years. The Cronbach′s α of the questionnaires was 0.891 and the KMO was 0.844. The positive coefficients for 2 rounds of expert consultation were 100%; the familiarity level of experts was 0.86 and authority level was 0.89 in the first round consultation, and those were 0.84 and 0.90 in the second round consultation. After 2 rounds of consultation, the coordination coefficient of expert opinions in the knowledge and skill dimensions was>0.5, and that in the management dimension and overall evaluation system was>0.3. After discussion 2 indicators were deleted in the first round of consultation. The finally constructed family doctor post competency evaluation scale included 3 dimensions, 8 secondary indicators and 61 tertiary indicators. Conclusion:Through the Delphi consultation, we have successfully constructed an evaluation scale for post competence of family doctors based on the three dimensions of knowledge, skills and management.
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Objective:To analyze the clinical knowledge and training needs of general practitioners from subjective perception and objective assessment, and to analyze their relationship.Methods:A survey was conducted among general practitioners from community health service centers in Shanghai Changning district from September to December 2020. Based on the general practitioner competency indicator system designed by the project team, 17 clinical knowledge competency evaluation indicators were developed through expert consultation, and used for subjective perception and objective assessment of clinical knowledge and learning needs among general practitioners. The influencing factors of objective assessment scores were analyzed, and the relationship between subjective perception and objective assessment scores was analyzed using the four quadrant method.Results:A total of 136 general practitioners participated in the study with the mean age of (39.25±5.90) years, most of whom were attending physician (67.65%, 92/136) and had undergraduate education (88.20%, 122/136). The average daily application frequency score was (1.55±0.21), and the training needs score was (1.65±0.09) for 17 clinical knowledge items; the average objective evaluation score was (74.21±14.0) points. The older the age ( OR=1.25, 95% CI:1.14-1.37), the higher the educational level ( OR=2.11, 95% CI:1.57-2.83), and the longer the working years ( OR=1.16, 95% CI:1.04-1.30) were significantly correlated with the higher objective evaluation scores (all P<0.05). The objective evaluation scores of endocrine diseases such as diabetes, cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases are the highest, and the daily application frequency and learning needs are high (the first quadrant); The objective evaluation scores of common orthopedic diseases, common psychological diseases, and planned immunity indicators were relatively low, but their daily application frequency and learning needs were relatively high (second quadrant). The objective evaluation scores of indicators such as common malignant tumors, common dermatology diseases and health problems, and common ENT diseases were low, and the daily application frequency and learning needs were also low (the third quadrant). The objective evaluation scores of indicators such as hospice and palliative care are relatively high, but their daily application frequency and training needs are relatively low (listed in the fourth quadrant). Conclusions:The clinical knowledge levels of general practitioners are correlated with age, education level, and years of practice. There is a certain overlap between the objective evaluation results of clinical knowledge and the frequency of knowledge usage and training needs of general practitioners, and a targeted training mechanism should be established.
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The integration of regional medical centers and community health service centers is an effective way to improve the professional ability of general practitioners in post-practice training. Its major advantage lies in the establishment of a regional general practitioner ability improvement system integrating assessment, practice and teaching under the unified health administrative department. This article introduces the path of general practitioner post-training developed by Shanghai Tongren Hospital in forms of a regional medical center combined with the community health service center under the "integrated dual-drives" model, which was carried out in Shanghai Changning District; and its preliminary accomplishment is also discussed. It may provide reference for regional medical centers to improve the ability of general practitioners through practice-driven and teaching-driven.
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Objective:To compare the correlation and differences between invasive blood pressure(IBP)and noninvasive blood pressure(NBP)monitoring at three different levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)in elderly hypertensive patients with atherosclerosis of the extremities during perioperative anesthesia.Methods:156 elderly patients were prospectively admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, for peripheral vascular stenosis interventions between December 2018 and December 2021.Their IBP and NBP were measured simultaneously during the perioperative anesthesia period.Then the correlation and consistency between IBP and NBP were analyzed via the Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman plots, and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve).Results:A total of 156 elderly patients were enrolled, including 108 men(69.2%)and 48 women(30.8%), with a mean age of 72.2±7.6.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between IBP and NBP.The correlation coefficient was 0.993 for invasive systolic blood pressure(ISBP)and non-invasive systolic blood pressure(NSBP), 0.808 for invasive diastolic blood pressure(IDBP)and non-invasive diastolic blood pressure(NDBP), and 0.853 for invasive mean arterial pressure(IMAP)and non-invasive mean arterial pressure(NMAP)( P<0.001 for all). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean deviation of ISBP and NSBP was(20.3±6.5)mmHg(95% CI: 19.18-21.38)(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), the mean deviation of IDBP and NDBP was(3.8±9.7)mmHg(95% CI: 2.13-5.41), and the mean deviation of IMAP and NMAP was(12.7±11.0)mmHg(95% CI: 10.83-14.55). The correlation coefficient of ISBP-NSBP deviation with ISBP was 0.856, the correlation coefficient of IDBP-NDBP deviation with IDBP was 0.206, and the correlation coefficient of IMAP-NMAP deviation with IMAP was 0.583( P<0.05 for all). When ISBP≥137 mmHg, the sensitivity of an ISBP-NSBP deviation ≥20 mmHg was 96.3%, the specificity was 96.4%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.970(95% CI: 0.934-1.000). When ISBP≥158 mmHg, the sensitivity and specificity of a predicted ISBP-NSBP deviation≥25 mmHg were 97.4% and 78.8%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.876(95% CI: 0.820-0.933); When ISBP≥208 mmHg, the sensitivity and specificity of a predicted ISBP-NSBP deviation≥30 mmHg were 100% and 98.5%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.985(95% CI: 0.964-1.000). Conclusions:There is a good agreement between IBP and NBP in elderly hypertensive patients with peripheral atherosclerosis during perioperative anesthesia.The magnitude of the deviation between the two is significantly and positively correlated with the level of blood pressure, suggesting that we should appropriately choose the method of blood pressure measurement in the perioperative period to correctly evaluate the blood pressure of these elderly patients.
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Objective:To investigate the application effects of self-developed rapid tracheotomy apparatus for acute tracheotomy.Methods:A total of 120 patients who underwent an acute tracheotomy in the Weihai Branch of The 970 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study. These patients were randomly divided into a rapid group and a conventional group, with 60 patients in each group. Patients in the rapid group underwent tracheotomy with a self-developed rapid tracheotomy apparatus. Patients in the conventional group underwent the standard steps of traditional tracheostomy. The operation time, incision length, amount of bleeding, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation time in the rapid group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group [(4.5 ± 0.9) minutes vs. (19.3 ± 4.7) minutes, t = 23.86, P < 0.001]. The length of incision in the rapid group was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group [(2.8 ± 0.3) cm vs. (4.2 ± 1.3) cm, t = 8.68, P < 0.001]. The amount of bleeding during the surgery in the rapid group was significantly less than that in the conventional group [(4.4 ± 1.6) mL vs. (11.8 ± 4.1) mL, t = 12.99, P < 0.001]. The incidence of postoperative complications in the rapid group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group ( χ2 = 4.66, P = 0.031). Conclusion:The self-developed rapid tracheotomy apparatus for acute tracheotomy can be used to establish an artificial airway quickly and minimally invasively by simplifying the operational steps. It is remarkably innovative to increase safety with open-view operations and decrease the incidence of complications. It can be repeatedly sterilized and reused, which is worthy of clinical application and popularization.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of Neibu Huangqi Decoction combined with Kangfuxin Liquid on wound healing after hemorrhoid fistula.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 90 patients with hemorrhoid fistula surgery in Tangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the observation objects and divided into 2 groups by random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Kangfuxin Liquid after surgery, and the observation group was treated with Neibu Huangqi Decoction. Both groups were treated continuously for 14 days. Wound symptom score was performed before and after treatment. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined by ELISA. The wound healing time was observed and the wound healing rate was calculated. Adverse reactions were recorded and clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate was 93.33% (42/45) in the observation group and 66.67% (30/45) in the control group, with statistical significance ( χ2=9.89, P=0.002). After treatment, the scores of pain [(0.63±0.14) vs. (0.97±0.27), t=7.50], exudation [(0.67±0.12) vs. (1.09±0.31), t=8.48], edema [(0.78±0.17) vs.(1.25±0.36), t=7.92], pruritus [(0.78±0.20) vs. (1.32±0.33), t=9.39] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); serum TNF-α [(33.46±2.86) μg/L vs. (45.78±3.92) μg/L, t=25.39], IL-6 [(41.86±5.84) μg/L vs. (56.12±6.75) μg/L, t=15.98], IL-8 [(27.40±3.58) ng/L vs. (36.16±3.84) ng/L, t=16.69] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The wound healing time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group ( t=8.60, P<0.01), and the wound healing rate was higher than that of the control group ( t=24.65, P<0.01). During treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions was 11.11% (5/45) in the observation group and 6.67% (3/45) in the control group, without statistical significance ( χ2=0.14, P=0.711). Conclusion:Neibu Huangqi Decoction combined with Kangfuxin Liquid can promote wound healing, reduce inflammatory cytokines, relieve pain and exudation, improve clinical efficacy, and have few adverse reactions.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of lymph node metastasis on the prognosis of patients with G2 phase stage pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm(pNEN).Methods:A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the case data of 368 patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in G2 phase stage from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016 in SEER database, including 174 males and 194 females. According to whether lymph nodes were metastatic, they are divided into lymph node non metastatic (N0) group ( n=272) and lymph node metastatic (N1) group ( n=96). The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to compare the overall survival rate (OS) of patients in the N0 and N1 groups. The COX proportional risk model was used to evaluate whether N stage was an independent risk factor affecting prognosis. Count data were expressed as cases and percentage(%), and Chi-square test was used for comparison between the groups. Results:Among all patients, the OS of patients in the N0 group was better than that of patients in the N1 group. The OS of N0 patients at 1, 3, and 5 years was 96.3%, 92.7%, and 85.6%, respectively, while the OS of N1 patients at 1, 3, and 5 years was 92.6%, 82.1%, and 82.1%, respectively ( P=0.014). Multivariate analysis showed that age ( HR=2.245, 95% CI: 1.126-4.475, P=0.022) and N stage ( HR=0.457, 95% CI: 0.237-0.883, P=0.020) were independent prognostic factors for G2 phase pNEN patients. Conclusion:Lymph node metastasis is one of the independent prognostic factors in patients with G2 phase stage pNEN.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in a real-world setting.Methods:This was a real-world ambispective cohort study (MOMENT study) (Chinese clinical trial registry number: ChiCTR2200062067). Clinical data were collected from 198 patients who received mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy or combination therapy at 37 hospitals from January 2022 to January 2023, including 166 patients in the retrospective cohort and 32 patients in the prospective cohort; 10 patients in the treatment-na?ve group and 188 patients in the relapsed/refractory group. Clinical characteristics, efficacy and adverse events were summarized, and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.Results:All 198 patients were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection for a median of 3 cycles (range 1-7 cycles); 28 cases were treated with mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection as monotherapy, and 170 cases were treated with the combination regimen. Among 188 relapsed/refractory patients, 45 cases (23.9%) were in complete remission (CR), 82 cases (43.6%) were in partial remission (PR), and 28 cases (14.9%) were in disease stabilization (SD), and 33 cases (17.6%) were in disease progression (PD), with an objective remission rate (ORR) of 67.6% (127/188). Among 10 treatment-na?ve patients, 4 cases (40.0%) were in CR, 5 cases (50.0%) were in PR, and 1 case (10.0%) was in PD, with an ORR of 90.0% (9/10). The median follow-up time was 2.9 months (95% CI 2.4-3.7 months), and the median PFS and OS of patients in relapsed/refractory and treatment-na?ve groups were not reached. In relapsed/refractory patients, the difference in ORR between patients with different number of treatment lines of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection [ORR of the second-line, the third-line and ≥the forth-line treatment was 74.4% (67/90), 73.9% (34/46) and 50.0% (26/52)] was statistically significant ( P = 0.008). Of the 198 PTCL patients, 182 cases (91.9%) experienced at least 1 time of treatment-related adverse events, and the incidence rate of ≥grade 3 adverse events was 66.7% (132/198), which was mainly characterized by hematologic adverse events. The ≥ grade 3 hematologic adverse events mainly included decreased lymphocyte count, decreased neutrophil count, decreased white blood cell count, and anemia; non-hematologic adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, mainly including pigmentation disorders and upper respiratory tract infection. Conclusions:The use of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection-containing regimen in the treatment of PTCL has definite efficacy and is well tolerated, and it is a new therapeutic option for PTCL patients.
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With the wide application of high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) and other molecular genetic detection technologies, researchers have a more and more in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies, especially of the myeloid hematologic malignancies, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of myeloid hematologic malignancies into an era of precision medicine. At the 64th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting in 2022, there were a series of new progresses regarding the application of NGS in the diagnosis and classification, risk stratification, treatment guidance, and minimal residual disease monitoring of myeloid hematologic malignancies. This article focuses on the progress of NGS application in acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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[Abstract] Objective To investigate the appropriate X-ray angle which image can represent total proximal of femur according to the anatomic shape of the femoral neck section. Methods The anatomic parameter of the femoral neck section was observed and measured. Found the femoral neck was contained with three main surfaces of anterior surface, posterosuperior surface and posteroinferior surface. A model of surface fluoroscopy has been made by covering aluminum foil papers on the three surfaces of femoral neck. Taking the midpoint of the femoral neck as the fluoroscopy center, the C-arm was rotated at an interval of 10° between 0° and 170°, and the three aluminum foil paper models were taken for X-ray projection respectively. The X-ray angle with the smallest image of aluminum foil paper was taken as the appropriate X-ray angle of the surface. A penetrating model of the femoral neck internal fixation was made of three Kirschner wires penetrating through the anterior, posterosuperior and posteroinferior surfaces of femoral neck. The images of the penetrating Kirschner wires were observed through the traditional anteroposterior, lateral view and the three appropriate X-ray angle views obtained from the above test. Results The length of the three main surfaces accounts for 80. 95% of the circumference of the femoral neck. The anterior surface coronal angle was 18°, the posterosuperior surface coronal angle was 65°, and the posteroinferior surface coronal angle was 165°. The Appropriate X-ray angle of the three surfaces were 20°, 70° and 170° respectively. In the images of the three appropriate X-ray angles, the penetrating Kirschner wires of anterior surface, posterosuperior surface and posteroinferior surface of the femoral neck could be clearly observed respectively, while the penetrating Kirschner wire could not be completely found in the traditional anteroposterior and lateral images. Conclusion Traditional anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopy can not accurately display the three-dimensional structure of femoral neck. By increasing the appropriate X-ray angle of 20°, 70° and 170°, the reduction quality and bony violation from internal fixation implants on the anterior surface, posterosuperior surface and posteroinferior surface of the femoral neck could be observed respectively.
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OBJECTIVE@#Exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key to diagnosing and treating various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of plasma exosomal lncRNAs in white matter hyperintensities (WMH).@*METHODS@#We used high-throughput sequencing to determine the differential expression (DE) profiles of lncRNAs in plasma exosomes from WMH patients and controls. The sequencing results were verified in a validation cohort using qRT-PCR. The diagnostic potential of candidate exosomal lncRNAs was proven by binary logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The diagnostic value of DE exo-lncRNAs was determined by the area under the curve (AUC). The WMH group was then divided into subgroups according to the Fazekas scale and white matter lesion site, and the correlation of DE exo-lncRNAs in the subgroup was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#In our results, four DE exo-lncRNAs were identified, and ROC curve analysis revealed that exo-lnc_011797 and exo-lnc_004326 exhibited diagnostic efficacy for WMH. Furthermore, WMH subgroup analysis showed exo-lnc_011797 expression was significantly increased in Fazekas 3 patients and was significantly elevated in patients with paraventricular matter hyperintensities.@*CONCLUSION@#Plasma exosomal lncRNAs have potential diagnostic value in WMH. Moreover, exo-lnc_011797 is considered to be a predictor of the severity and location of WMH.
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Humanos , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Substância Branca , Área Sob a Curva , Exossomos/genética , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga EscalaRESUMO
BACKGROUND@#There is limited data to comprehensively evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of multiple myeloma (MM) in China; therefore, this study determined the characteristics of the disease burden of MM at national and provincial levels in China.@*METHODS@#The burden of MM, including incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with a 95% uncertainty interval (UI), was determined in China following the general analytical strategy used in the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. The trends in the burden of MM from 1990 to 2019 were also evaluated.@*RESULTS@#There were an estimated 347.45 thousand DALYs with an age-standardized DALY rate of 17.05 (95% UI, 12.31-20.77) per 100,000 in 2019. The estimated number of incident case and deaths of MM were 18,793 and 13,421, with age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of 0.93 (95% UI, 0.67-1.15) and 0.67 (95% UI, 0.50-0.82) per 100,000, respectively. The age-specific DALY rates per 100,000 increased to more than 10.00 in the 40 to 44 years age group reaching a peak (93.82) in the 70 to 74 years age group. Males had a higher burden than females, with approximately 1.5- to 2.0-fold sex difference in age-specific DALY rates in all age groups. From 1990 to 2019, the DALYs of MM increased 134%, from 148,479 in 1990 to 347,453 in 2019.@*CONCLUSION@#The burden of MM has doubled over the last three decades, which highlights the need to establish effective disease prevention and control strategies at both the national and provincial levels.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Carga Global da Doença , Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida , Mieloma Múltiplo/epidemiologia , Saúde Global , Incidência , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , China/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This paper presents a systematic review of extant research investigating the effectiveness of Internet-based group cognitive behavioral therapy （IGCBT） for depression and anxiety symptoms with an emphasis on the treatment modalities， treatment protocols， efficacy and mechanism， together with a summary of research limitations and suggestions for future research. Cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） is a structured， short-term and present-oriented psychotherapeutic treatment， its Internet- and group-delivered modalities have led to its wider application， and has proven to be clinically effective in alleviating depression and anxiety symptoms caused by different diseases， whereas some drawbacks have been reported. Thus this paper elaborates the clinical application， therapeutic effect and underlying mechanisms of IGCBT intervention for depression and anxiety symptoms， so as to provide references for its future application. ［Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region （number， 2019MS03038）
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Objective: To analyze the perceived exercise benefits and barriers and their association with physical activity time in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 9-18 years. Methods: Data were extracted from the 2019 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health and a total of 163 656 children and adolescents aged 9-18 years in Han ethnic group were included in the analysis. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the perceived exercise benefits score, perceived exercise barriers score and perceived exercise benefits to barriers ratio in the children and adolescents with different demographic characteristics and physical activity time. The differences in physical activity time in subgroups were compared with χ2 tests. log-binomial regression model was used to evaluate the association between physical activity time and perceived exercise benefits and barriers. Results: The M (Q1,Q3) of the perceived exercise benefits score, perceived exercise barriers score, and perceived exercise benefits to barriers ratio in the children and adolescents were 4.11 (3.78, 4.78), 2.70 (2.10, 3.20) and 1.55 (1.22, 2.07), respectively. Children and adolescents living in urban area, boys, those at younger age and those with physical activity time ≥1 hour had higher perceived exercise benefits score and perceived exercise benefits to barriers ratio, but lower perceived exercise barriers score (all P<0.001). The prevalence of physical activity time ≥1 hour was 41.4% in the children and adolescents. In the log-binomial model with two variables of perceived exercise benefits score and perceived exercise barriers score, for each 1-point increase in the perceived exercise benefits, the possibility of physical activity time ≥1 hour increased by 11% (OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.10-1.12), and for each 1-point increase in the perceived exercise barriers, the possibility of physical activity time ≥1 hour decreased by 15% (OR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.84-0.85). In the log-binomial model with variable of perceived exercise benefits to barriers ratio, for each 1-point increase in the perceived exercise benefits to barriers ratio, the possibility of physical activity time ≥1 hour increased by 12% (OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.11-1.12). Conclusion: The perceived exercise benefits and barriers are significantly associated with physical activity time in children and adolescents in China.
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Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Povo Asiático , China , Etnicidade , Exercício Físico , EstudantesRESUMO
Objective: To analyze the trend of the detection rate of myopia among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Data from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health in 2010, 2014 and 2019 were used, and about 213 833, 212 742 and 209 942 Han students aged 7-18 years were included in this study. The χ² test was used to compare the differences in the prevalence of myopia among the subgroups in the survey year, and logistic regression was used to compare the differences in the prevalence of myopia between different years. A curve-fitting method was used to obtain the growth rate of myopia among Han Chinese students from 2010 to 2019, and the differences in the change of myopia between different age groups were analyzed. Results: In 2019, the overall detection rate of myopia among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 was 60.1%. The detection rate of urban students (62.7%) was higher than that of rural students (57.4%) and the detection rate of girls (63.5%) was higher than that of boys (56.7%). In 2019, the regional disparities were large in the detection rate of myopia in various provinces, with the lowest in Guizhou (49.6%) and the highest in Zhejiang (71.3%). The detection rate of myopia showed an upward trend from 2010 to 2019, from 55.5% in 2010 to 57.1% in 2014, and finally to 60.1% in 2019. The gap in the detection rate of myopia between urban and rural children and adolescents gradually shrank. The average annual growth rate of myopia detection rate from 2014 to 2019 was 0.6 percentage points per year, higher than that from 2010 to 2014 about 0.4 percentage points per year. The peak age of the growth rate of myopia detection rate decreased from 12 years in 2010 to 10 years in 2014, and finally to 7 years in 2019. Conclusions: The detection rate of myopia among Chinese Han children and adolescents is still at a high level, and the peak age of the growth rate of myopia detection rate continues to advance.
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There are certain stages and continuities in the growth and development of children and adolescents. Under the induction of some factors, their growth and development may deviate from the normal pattern and trajectory, which may lead to an imbalance of various systems, and even result in the occurrence of significant comorbidities. The imbalance of children's growth and development might be an internal factor leading to the occurrence of important comorbidities such as obesity, myopia and psychological problems in children and adolescents, while the mismatch between environmental changes and growth and development might be an external factor. Therefore, it is necessary to find the influencing factors of imbalance regarding growth and development based on regular monitoring of the growth and development indicators of children and adolescents, improve the pathogenic environment, reveal the behind mechanism, and fundamentally prevent the important comorbidities.
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Objective: To analyze the prevalence trend of malnutrition among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Based on the data from the Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health in 2010, 2014 and 2019, about 215 102, 214 268 and 212 713 Han students aged 7-18 years were included in this study. According to the National Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents, the detection rate of malnutrition among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 7-18 was calculated, and the prevalence trend of malnutrition from 2010 to 2019 was analyzed. Results: In 2019, the detection rate of malnutrition among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 years was 8.64% (18 381/212 713), of which the rate of growth retardation, moderate-to-severe wasting and mild wasting was 0.50% (1 062/212 713), 3.25% (6 914/212 713) and 4.89% (10 405/212 713), respectively. In 2019, the detection rate of malnutrition in these boys was higher than that of girls (9.97% vs. 7.31%), and the detection rate in rural areas was higher than that in cities (9.30% vs. 7.98%). The detection rates were 9.74% (5 252/53 916), 8.17% (4 408/53 937), 7.29% (3 885/53 310), and 9.38% (4 836/51 550) in 7-9, 10-12, 13-15, and 16-18 years groups, and 8.14% (6 563/80 618), 7.61% (4 237/55 694) and 9.92% (7 581/76 401) in the eastern, central, and western regions. Malnutrition among students in China was mainly caused by mild wasting, and the detection rate of growth retardation accounted for only 5.78% (1 062/18 381). Malnutrition was mostly concentrated in the southwest region, and the rate was relatively low in eastern provinces. In three surveys from 2010 to 2019, the detection rate of malnutrition among Han students aged 7-18 in China decreased gradually, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Among them, the detection rates in western rural areas decreased significantly, as well as the gap between urban and rural areas. Compared with that in 2014, the detection rate of malnutrition in Shandong, Hunan, Qinghai and Hainan provinces in 2019 decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: In 2019, the malnutrition of Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-18 years is dominated by wasting malnutrition. The detection rate shows a downward trend from 2010 to 2019, with regional differences.