Research on Rapid Detection Technology for Quality Control of Emergency Ventilator / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#In order to grasp the quality status of the first-aid ventilator in pre-hospital and field environment in time, the quality control and detection items of invasive ventilator were optimized to form a rapid detection operation process of first-aid ventilator and ensure the safety of patient treatment.@*METHODS@#Based on the quality control detection data of invasive ventilator in hospital in recent years, methods such as narrowing the range of qualified criteria and analyzing confidence interval were adopted to extract indicators prone to deviation and verify their correlation with similar indicators, so as to form an optimized rapid detection portfolio.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the original quality control detection procedures, the detection indicators of the rapid detection procedures were reduced from 5 categories of 24 indicators to 3 categories of 7 indicators. The detection time was shortened by 56.1% and the coincidence rate of the detection results was 100% after the actual measurement and verification.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Under the premise of ensuring the testing quality, the operating procedure for rapid detection of emergency ventilator can greatly reduce the detection time, and realize the rapid and high frequency quality control detection, so as to ensure the quality and safety of the equipment.

Impact of trigger timing of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist regimen for infertility patients of various ages / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To investigate the impact of trigger timing of gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist regimen for infertility patients of various ages.Methods:This was a retrospective study, 1 529 infertility patients who receiving GnRH antagonist regimen in Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children from January 2017 to December 2018 were divided into the advance trigger group and the standard trigger group, and further divided into three subgroups according to age:<35 years, 35-40 years,>40 years. The number of retrieved oocytes and transplantable embryos, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate among patients in the advance trigger group and standard trigger group in various age subgroups were compared.Results:(1) The gonadotropin (Gn) days among the three age subgroups were significantly shorter in the advance trigger group compared to the same-aged standard trigger group (all P<0.01), but only in the 35－40 years and >40 years subgroups, the Gn doses in the advance trigger group [(2 702±551) and (2 780±561) U] were significantly less than those in the standard trigger group (all P<0.01). In the <35 years subgroup, the number of oocytes retrieved and transplantable embryos of the advance trigger group (6.6±4.8 and 2.6±2.7) were significantly less than those of the standard trigger group (all P<0.01), but there was no difference in the number of top-quality embryos ( P=0.580); however, in the 35－40 years and >40 years subgroups, there were no significant differences between advance and standard trigger groups in terms of the afore mentioned 3 indicators (all P>0.05), only the numbers of top-quality embryos in the advance trigger group (0.6±1.0 and 0.6±0.9) were significantly higher than those in the standard trigger group (all P<0.01). (2) In the <35 years and 35－40 years subgroups, no significant differences were noted between the advance trigger group and standard trigger group with regard to the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (all P>0.05); but in the >40 years subgroup, the clinical pregnancy rate of the advance trigger group was significantly higher than that of the standard trigger group [33.0% (30/91) vs 19.2% (25/130), P=0.020], and there was no statistical difference in the live birth rate ( P=0.064). (3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that trigger timing was an independent predictor of clinical pregnancy rate in the >40 years subgroup ( OR=0.334, 95% CI: 0.119-0.937, P=0.037), but not an independent predictor of live birth rate ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Advance trigger in the GnRH antagonist protocol for infertility patients >40 years old could effectively reduce Gn times and Gn dosage, increase the number of top-quality embryos, and improve the clinical pregnancy rate. Therefore, compared with patients ≤40 years of age, patients >40 years might benefit more from advance trigger.

Correlation of sperm DNA fragmentation index with semen parameters / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the relationship of sperm DNA fragmenation index (DFI) with semen parameters and assess its application value in the evaluation of semen quality.@*METHODS@#A total of 9 694 semen samples were collected and examined for sperm DFI and high DNA stainability (HDS) by flow cytometry-assisted sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA). According to the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th Ed), the samples were divided into a normal group and abnormal groups A (sperm concentration ［SC］: ［11.3－14.0］ ×10⁶/ml, total sperm motility ［TSM］: 30%－39%, progressively motile sperm ［PMS］: 24%－31%), B (SC: ［7.5－11.2］ ×10⁶/ml, TSM: 20%－29%, PMS: 16%－23%), C (SC: ［3.8－7.4］ ×10⁶/ml, TSM: 10%－,19% PMS: 8%－15%) and D (SC: ［0－3.7］×10⁶/ml, TSM: 0－9%, PMS: 0－7%), and also into three sperm DFI groups (DFI 30%). The correlation between sperm DFI and seminal parameters was analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses.@*RESULTS@#DFI was dramatically lower in the normal than in the abnormal groups (P < 0.01), and increased in proportion to the decrease of semen parameters in the abnormal groups A, B, C and D (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that DFI was correlated positively with age (r = 0.15, P < 0.01), abstinence time (r = 0.10, P < 0.01), semen volume (r = 0.05, P < 0.01) and HDS (r = 0.15, P < 0.01), but negatively with semen pH (r = －0.06, P < 0.01), SC (r = －0.27, P < 0.01), TSM (r = －0.53, P < 0.01), PMS (r = －0.52, P < 0.01) and morphologically normal sperm (r = －0.16, P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that TSM, SC, age, abstinence time and semen pH were five important variables associated with DFI, with standardized regression coefficients of －0.47, －0.19, 0.12, 0.07, and －0.04, respectively (all P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a moderate correlation between sperm DFI and semen parameters, which can be used synergistically for the assessment of semen quality.

Design and research of regional remote imaging diagnosis platform in Nanjing / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To establish a regional remote imaging diagnosis platform to solve the problems in medical treatment of the population in remote areas and etc as well as the non-balanced medical resources distribution.Methods Standardization transform of non-standard PACS images and texts was executed with PACS platform,DICOM and HL7 heterogeneous module. KM-SES remote diagnosis system was used to integrate the components of clinical operation, communication network, database and etc so as to construct a regional imaging platform.Results The platform standardized the imaging process and quality control inside and outside the hospital,and contributed to shortening the treatment time and reducing the vacancy rate. Conclusion The platform implements remote consultation,diagnosis and examination appointment,and facilitates the medical service to the population in remote areas.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2018,39(5):50-54,67]

Effects of PTPN11 on the Biological Characteristics of AML Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression of PTPN11 gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line and to explore the effects of PTPN11 over expressing on proliferation and apotosis of AML cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of PTPN11 in AML cell lines（HEL,U937, K562, KG-1, HL -60） was detected by RT-PCR, Q-PCR and Western blot. The PTPN11 gene was amplified by RT-PCR. PTPN11 DNA fragement and the lentiviral vector PCDH-CD513B were digested by BamHI and EcoRI, and then ligated by T4 DNA ligase. Recombinant lentivirus was generated by co-transfection of three-plasmids into 293FT cells using lipofectamine 2000. Then Q-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of PTPN11 in the lentivirus infected HEL and U937 cells. The CCK-8 and Annexin V/7-AAD assays were performed to evaluate effects of PTPN11 on proliferation, apoptosis of HEL and U937 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 5 AML cell lines expressed the PTPN11 gene, restriction analysis and gene sequencing confirmed that recombinant lentiviral vector was successfully constructed. After transfection of cells with the lentivirus, the recombinant plasmid could stably up-regulate the expression of PTPN11. Analysis of the proliferation and apoptosis of transfected AML cells indicated that as compared with the control group, the OD values of over-expression group were significantly higher and the apoptotic rates were significantly lower (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PTPN11 is expressed in all the 5 AML cell lines. The lentiviral expression vector carrying human PTPN11 and the engineered HEL and U937 cell lines stably up-regulating PTPN11 gene expression are successfully obtained. Over-expression of PTPN11 promotes the proliferation of AML cell lines and inhibit then apoptosis.</p>

Effect of Homeobox A13 transfection on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and bone morphogenetic protein-7 expression in kidney tubular epithelial cells / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the transfection of Homeobox A13 (HOXA13) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) induced by albumin-overload in human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HKCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cultured HKCs were treated with 20 mg/mL human serum albumin (HSA) for 48 hours. Protein expression of cytokeratin (CK), vimentin and HOXA13 in the HKCs was assessed by Western blot. Protein expression of CK, vimentin, and BMP-7 was also detected in HKCs transfected with lipofectamine contained HOXA13 DNA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HSA induced EMT in HKCs, presented by decreased CK expression (P<0.01) and increased vimentin expression (P<0.01). The up-regulated expression of HOXA13 transfected by lipofectamine inhibited the level of EMT induced by HSA in HKCs (P<0.05). The decreased rate of BMP-7 protein expression induced by HSA was inhibited by over-expressed HOXA13 in HKCs (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Transfection of HOXA13 in HKCs could inhibit the degree of EMT induced by albumin-overload, possibly by increasing BMP-7 expression.</p>

Clinical analysis of effect of Dexmedetomidine on postoperative cognitive function and preoperative inflammation in the elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on postoperative cognitive function and preoperative inflammation in the elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia. Methods 70 elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia operation were chosen and divided into observation group and control group randomly. DEX and physiological saline were applied in observation group on the basis of routine general anesthesia. The cognitive function of patients in both groups were tested by mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction (POCD) were measured at 1 day before surgery, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after surgery. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were tested before anesthesia, during skin incision, rightly after operation and 1h after operation. Results MMSE scores were significantly higher and the incident rates of POCD were lower in observation group than those in control group at 1 day and 3 days after surgery (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αincreased obviously during skin incision and postoperative period, and they were significantly lower in observation group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-αdecreased to the levels before anesthesia in observation group, and were still much higher in control group than that of preanesthesia (P < 0.05). Conclusions DEX infusion intraoperatively may effectively decrease the incidence of early POCD, whose mechanism could be reducing inflammation response.

Expression of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and its clinical significance in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four children newly diagnosed with INS received oral prednisone for 4 weeks. Patients whose urinary protein did not become negative were classified as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) group, while those whose urinary protein did become negative were classified as steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) group. Morning midstream urine specimens were collected from all patients before use of prednisone and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of treatment with prednisone. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the urinary NGAL concentration. Meanwhile, urinary creatinine (Cr) concentration was measured, and urinary NGAL concentration in a single urine collection was adjusted according to the urinary Cr excretion. The two groups were compared in terms of urinary NGAL/Cr ratio.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the SRNS group, the SSNS group had significantly decreased urinary NGAL/Cr ratios after 3 and 4 weeks of prednisone treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with the SRNS group, the SSNS group had a significantly decreased urinary β2-MG/Cr ratio after 4 weeks of prednisone treatment (P < 0.05). In both groups, urinary NGAL/Cr ratio was positively correlated with urinary protein/Cr ratio (r = 0.510, P < 0.01). The results of ROC curve analysis showed when diagnostic cut-off point of urinary NGAL/Cr was 0.043 by 3 weeks after treatment, sensitivity and specificity achieved 100% and 79.2% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urinary NGAL/Cr ratio remains high in children with SRNS, while this ratio decreases gradually during prednisone treatment in children with SSNS, and it falls ahead of urinary β2-MG/Cr ratio. These results suggest that dynamic monitoring of urinary NGAL/Cr ratio is useful for early judgment of response to prednisone in patients with INS.</p>

Effects of huai qi huang on cytokines Th1, Th2 and Th17 and phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in rats with asthma / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of huai qi huang, a traditional Chinese medicine, on cytokines Th1, Th2 and Th17 levels and alveolar macrophage phagocytosis in asthmatic rats sensitized by ovalbumin (OVA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control, untreated asthma, budesonide-treated, huai qi huang-treated and budesonide+huai qi huang-treated asthma (n=8 each). Asthma was induced by OVA sensitization and challenge. The levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and IL-17 in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured using ELISA. The phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages which were isolated and purified from BALF was evaluated by the colorimetric assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of IL-4 and IL-17 increased, in contrast, the IFN-γ level decreased in plasma and BALF in the untreated asthma group compared with those in the normal control group. The IFN-γ level in the huai qi huang-treated asthma group was higher than that in the untreated asthma group. The IFN-γ level increased and the IL-17 level decreased more significantly in the budesonide+huai qi huang-treated asthma group when compared with the budesonide and huai qi huang alone treatment groups. The phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in the untreated asthma group was lower than that in the normal control group. Huai qi huang alone or combined with budesonide increased the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages compared with the normal control, untreated asthma and budesonid-treated asthma groups. The levels of IFN-γ in plasma and BALF were positively correlated with the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The levels of IL-4 and IL-17 increase and the IFN-γ level decreases in plasma and BALF, and the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages decreases in asthmatic rats. Huai qi huang treatment may increase the IFN-γ expression in plasma and BALF and the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages in asthmatic rats. There is a synergistic effect between huai qi huang and glucocorticoids.</p>

Effects of progesterone on PMN-mediated inflammatory responses to gonococcal infection / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of progesterone on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-mediated inflammatory responses to gonococcal infection. Methods Peripheral neutrophils were isolated from heparinized peripheral blood obtained from normal individuals, then divided into 4 groups: progesterone group (pretreated with progesterone only), gonococcus group (stimulated with gonococcal suspension), intervention group (pretreated with progesterone followed by stimuation with gonococcal suspension), and control group (receiving no pretreatment or stimulation). Real-time RT-PCR was conducted to detect the mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)in neutrophils from all groups at 0, 3, 8, 12 and 24 hours after the last treatment, and iNOS protein levels were measured by Western-blot in gonococcus group and intervention group. Results Real-time RT-PCR indicated that the expression levels of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA increased in gonococcus group and intervention group, and reached their peak at 8 hours in gonococcus group, while no significant changes were noted in the above parameters in progesterone group or control group. Also, the level of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA was lower in intervention group than that in the gonococcus group (P ＜ 0.05). Western blot showed an elevation in iNOS protein expression in both gonococcus group and intervention group, and the former group was higher than the latter group in the parameter (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Progesterone can downregulate the expressions of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1 β by PMNs, inhibit the PMN-induced inflammatory responses induced by gonococcal infection, which is likely to be associated with the asymptomatic gonococcal infection in women.

Study on the classification of gonococcal island of different genotypes and effects of sac-4 gene on serum resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Using molecular methods to study the relationship between genotypes and serum resmtance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Wuhan area.Methods NG-mast and serum bactericidal assays at the molecular level were used to differentiate the 46 strains which were isolated from the outpatients of sexually transmitted disease clinics and the relationship between different genotypes while phenotypes was also studied.Results 80.43% of the 46 strains contained the island and we were able to define three dillerent combinations of genes in the isolates.Results from serum bactericidal assays showed that all 9 sac-4 stralns did not provide any serum resistance.Conclusion Different isolates carried clifferent gonococcal genetm islands(pathogenicity island)and certain phenotypes.There were no sobious relationship between sac-4 gene and serum resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Typing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Opa and NG-MAST gene of 12 pairs of sexual contact gonorrhea patients in China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To identify the genomic species of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, evaluate the difference between two molecular epidemiological methods and examine the relationship between sex partners and genotypes of bacteria, 24 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from the outpatients with gonorrhea were identified by using the Opa genotyping and NG-MAST genotyping and the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes was studied. Twenty-four strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae fell into 10 ST genotypes by NG-MAST genotyping, whereas these strains were classified into 12 OT Opa genotypes by Opa genotyping. A new epidemic strain of ST genotype (217-86% homologisation 178) in China was identified. It is concluded that genotypes of each pair of strains from a pair of patient/ sex partner besides 45/46 are the same, indicating that contagious infection take place between patient and the sex partner. Opa genotyping was more effective than NG-MAST genotyping in identifying the genomic species of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ST genotype could be further classified into different Opa-types.

Comparison of opa typing with Neisseria gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing for discrimination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from patients and their sex partners / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To compare the potentiality of opa typing versus Neisseria gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing (Ng-MAST) in discrimination of N. gonorrhoeae isolates, and to investigate the consistency of genotypes of N. gonorrhoeae between patients and their sex partners. Methods N. gonor-rhoeae was isolated from patients and their sex partners who attended sexually transmitted disease clinics of the Affiliated Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 2006 to August 2007. All isolates were cultured on Thayer-Martin agar and GC-based choco-late agar, and identified by Gram stain and oxidase reaction. Totally, twenty-four strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated form 12 pairs of male-female sex partners. Genomic DNA was isolated from the strains, and subjected to PCR amplification of opa gene as well as pot and tbpB genes, opa typing and Ng-MAST typing were utilized to differentiate the 24 strains respectively. Results The 24 isolates were classified into 10 sequence types (ST) by Ng-MAST typing, and 12 opa types (OT) by opa typing. A novel genotype identi-fied by Ng-MAST (217-86% homologisation 178), was unique in China. Conclusions Both ST and OT of N. gonorrhoeae strains are identical between patients and their corresponding partners except for one pair of partners, 45/46, suggesting that gonorrhea is transmitted to each other by contiguity between sex partners. Opa typing is likely to be more potential than Ng-MAST in genotyping of N.gonorrhoeae strains.

Simulation study of electrical impedance tomography based on approaching real finite-element model of brain / 医疗卫生装备

This paper is to build a finite element model of brain with a real brain shapeon which simulation studies of electrical impedance tomography EIT in the brain is based. A curve of a real brain shape is simulated with the curve-fitting methods and EIT in the brain is finished with finite-element methods and Equipotential Lines Back-Projection algorithm.The locationarea and amplitude of the change of the resistivity are reconstructed accurately. But the image quality has to be further improved.This paper provides a basis for clinical applications of EIT in brain.