RESUMO
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are world-wide threats to human health in recent years. Achievements in pharmacogenomics and individualized treatment have become a bright spot in the treatment of these diseases. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pharmacogenomic researches focus on the relationship between the drug effects and genetic polymorphism, which provide theoretical basis for individualized treatment. This review gives an overview of the developments of the pharmacogenomics of the most commonly therapeutic agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as anticoagulants, antihypertensive agents, platelet aggregation inhibitors and cholesterol lowering drugs.
RESUMO
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) is a naturally occurring contagious lung tumor of sheep which was caused by an exogenous retrovirus of sheep, jaagsiekte retrovirus (JSRV). Although no specific circulating antibodies against the virus coud be detected in infected sheep, exogenous JSRV proviral DNA sequences (exJSRV) and JSRV RNA transcripts could be detected in lung tumors, lymphoreticular system and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from sheep affected by OPA. The sheep genome carried 15 to 20 copies of endogenous retrovirus loci (enJSRV) that were similar to JSRV in structural genes but the divergene in U3. Therefore, primers specific for the U3 sequences of exJSRV were designed for the specific PCR and nested PCR (n-PCR). Sensitivity between specific PCR assay and n-PCR assay was compared by using serial dilutions of positive plasmid pJSRV-LTR in a background of 700ng sheep genome DNA. Sensitivity of n-PCR was ten-fold higher than specific PCR. The n-PCR was only available in blood test for detection of JSRV infected sheep and might be useful in epidemiological studies and disease control of OPA.