Isolation and characterization of human dental tissue-derived stem cells in the impacted wisdom teeth: comparison of dental follicle, dental pulp, and root apical papilla-derived cells

INTRODUCTION: The first aim of this study was to isolate the dental tissue-derived stem cells from the dental follicle (DF), dental pulp (DP), and root apical papilla (RAP) of the extracted wisdom teeth. Second was to evaluate their characterization with the expressions of transcription factors and cell surface markers. Finally, their ability of the in vitro multi-lineage differentiations into osteogenic and adipogenic cells were compared, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental tissues, including dental follicle, dental pulp, and root apical papilla, were separated in the extracted wisdom teeth. These three dental tissues were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with supplements, respectively. After passage 3, the homogeneous shaped dental tissue-derived cells were analyzed the expression of transcription factors (Oct-4, Nanog and Sox-2) and cell surface markers (CD44, CD90 and CD105) with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. In order to evaluate in vitro multi-lineage differentiations, the culture media were changed to the osteogenic and adipogenic induction mediums when the dental tissue-derived cells reached to passage 3. The characteristics of these three dental tissue-derived cells were compared with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: During primary culture, heterogenous and colony formatted dental tissue-derived cells were observed in the culture plates. After passage 2 or 3, homogenous spindle-like cells were observed in all culture plates. Transcription factors and mesenchymal stem cell markers were positively observed in all three types of dental tissue-derived cells. However, the quantity of expressed transcription factors was most large in RAP-derived cells. In all three types of dental tissue-derived cells, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations were observed after treatment of specific induction media. In vitro adipogenic differentiation was similar among these three types of cells. In vitro osteogenic differentiation was most strongly and frequently observed in the RAP-derived cells, whereas rarely osteogenic differentiation was observed in the DP-derived cells. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that three types of human dental tissue-derived cells from extracted wisdom teeth were multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, have the properties of multi-lineage differentiations. Especially, stem cells from root apical papilla (SCAP) have much advantage in osteogenic differentiation, whereas dental follicle cells (DFCs) have a characteristic of easy adipogenic differentiation.

Proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells by osteogenic differentiation of periosteal-derived cells

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of various angiogenic factors during osteoblastic differentiation of periostealderived cells and the effects of osteogenic inductive medium of periosteal-derived cells on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Periosteal-derived cells were obtained from mandibular periosteums and introduced into the cell culture. After passage 3, the cells were divided into two groups and cultured for 21 days. In one group, the cells were cultured in the DMEM supplemented with osteogenic inductive agent, including 50g/ml L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, 10 nM dexamethasone and 10 mM -glycerophosphate. In the other group, they were cultured in DMEM supplemented without osteogenic inductive agent. VEGF isoforms, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and neuropilin-1 mRNA expression was observed. Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cell proliferation was also observed. RESULTS : The expression of VEGF isoforms was higher in osteogenic inductive medium than in non-osteogenic inductive medium. The expression of VEGFR-2 was also higher in osteogenic inductive medium than in non-osteogenic inductive medium. However, the expression of VEGFR-1 and neuropilin-1 was similar in both osteogenic inductive medium and non-osteogenic inductive medium. In addition, conditioned medium from differentiated periosteal-derived cells stimulated human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cell numbers compared to conditioned medium from non-differentiated periosteal-derived cells. CONCLUSION : These results suggest that in vitro osteoblastic differentiation of periosteal-derived cells has angiogenic capacity to support endothelial progenitor cell numbers.

A Comparison Study On Distraction Osteogenesis In The Rat's Mandible According To Distraction Rhythm

A case of simultaneous bilateral tubal pregnancies following the ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Bilateral tubal pregnancy is the least common type of all extrauterine pregnancies, 1:725-1:1580 of pregnancies are bilateral. Simultaneous tubal pregnancies have been reported in natural cycles, recently, after ovulation induction, assisted reproductive techniques. The high incidence of ectopic pregnancy assisted with ovulation induction continues to be a problem. Bilateral tubal pregnancy associated with the ovulation induction has been reported few cases of 3.0% to 6.0% in frequency. This paper describes a case of simultaneous bilateral tubal pregnancy after ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination in a 27 year old patient. The diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopy performed 30 days after intrauterine insemination, which revealed bilateral tubal pregnancy and mild hyperstimulated ovaries. Bilateral salpingectomy was performed. With a review of the literature on this topic, diagnostic aspect and incidence and treatment options are discussed.

Comparison of Misoprostol vaginal application and Sulprostone with cervical laminaria tent insertion in mid-trimester termination of pregnancy / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: To compare the abortion time, success rate and efficiency of application of intravaginal misoprostol versus intracervical laminaria insertion and intravenous sulprostone administration for mid-trimester pregnancy termination. MATERIAL: Patients requesting termination of second trimester pregnancy were randomized into two groups. In Group I, the women were given 200 microg tablet of misoprostol placed in the posterior vaginal fornix. In Group II, the women were given laminaria insertion in cervical canal with intravenous sulprostone administration. Altogether 50 subjects were recruited with 25 women in each group. RESULTS: The mean interval from start of induction to vaginal delivery was 1480.84+/-37.73 minutes in Group I and 1236.16+/-77.59 minutes in Group II(p=0.232). The success rate of termination within 48 hours in Group I and Group II were 84%, 92%(p=0.384). There were no significant differences in the mean interval time and success rates. Measurement of blood loss(differs in hemoglobin between the admission and postabortive 24 hours) shows in Group I(1.0352+/-0.5774) and in Group II(1.5640+/-0.8976). Mean changes in hemoglobin level were significantly lesser in the misoprostol group(p=0.017). No serious complication occurred. CONCLUSION: Intravaginal misoprostol appears to be acceptably safe and effective agents for second trimester pregnancy termination.

A Case of Complete Remission by Combination Chemotherapy with BEP Regimen after Operation in Endodermal Sinus Tumor of Ovary / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) has also been referred to as yolk sac carcinoma because they are derived from the primitive yolk sac. These lesions are the third most frequent malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary. Patient with EST have a median age of 18 years, but approximately one third of the patients are premenarchal at the time of initial presentation. Abdominal and/or pelvic pain is the most frequent presenting symptom, most EST secrete AFP. Radical surgery has not been helpful, but recent advances in treating the EST of the ovary with the combination chemotherapy after unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy result in improvement of the prognosis. We had experienced a case of endodermal sinus tumor of 36 years old woman. So, we report this case with brief review of the literature.

Antimicrobial susceptibility test on streptococcus viridans in children's oral cavity

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test on Oral Flora from Different Sampling Sites in Children

The most proper antibiotic must be selected after antimicrobial susceptibility test. If difference in antimicrobial susceptibility was significant between oral sampling sites, it is rationale to use the most susceptible antibiotic agent respond to dental procedure and object of treatment. This study examined sampling site variation from saliva, supragingival plaque and subgingival plaque of 16 children's oral microbes. The cultured bacterial isolates, which were Streptococcus viridans and Neisseria, were examined for 10 antimicribial drugs with the Bauer-Kirby agar disk diffusion method. The used drugs were Penicillin, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, Cephalothin, Imipenem, Gentamicin, Erythromycin, Vancomycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin. There was no significant difference between three sampling sites for antimicrobial susceptibility test of S. viridans and Neisseria and the sequence of susceptibility was agreed among them. In conclusion, it was suggested that antimicrobial susceptibility test from saliva, supragingival plaque and subgingival plaque of children have no significant sampling site variation.

A case of Intramural Pregnancy following currettage , treated with Laparoscopic exicision and MTX / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Intramural pregnancy is one of the rarest form of ectopic pregnancy that only 20 cases have been reported in the world so far. Pathologically, the location of the gestational sac is completely isolated from the uterine cavity and entirely surrounded by myometrium without any contact of endometrium. Many reports noted that there would be possible relationship between the intramural pregnancy and prior uterine traumatic factor- curettage, cesarean section, myomectomy, salpingectomy, and manual removal of the placenta and so on. We have recently experienced a case of intramural pregnancy following curettage, managed completely by the laparoscopic excision and additive single dose intramuscular MTX treatment. So, we report this case with a brief review of the literature.

Effects of Taxol on the Synthesis of Nitric Oxide in Murine Microglial Cells / 대한면역학회지

Taxol, an anticancer drug, blocks cell division by stabilizing microtubules. However, taxol has distinct cell-cycle-independent effects. For example, taxol and bacterial LPS induce strikingly similar responses in murine microglial cells. Here, we report that taxol, like LPS, provides a ""second"" signal for murine microglial cell activation to induce tumoricidal activity. Tumoricidal activity determined by MTT assay appeared that taxol or LPS alone weakly activated microglial cells to kill P815 mastocytoma cells, whereas combinations of taxol or LPS with IFN-r synergized to activate macrophages to lyse tumor cells in a dose dependent manner. Secretion of nitric oxide (NO) correlated with tumor cell killing, and the activated microglial cells failed to kill tumor cell targets in the presence of N'-monomethyl-L-arginine (N'MMA), a competitive inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS). Treatment of the cells with anti-TNF-a neutralizing antibodies clearly blocked taxol plus IFN-r induced tumoricidal activity as well as NO production. Collectively, the data illustrate the potential for taxol to activate microglial cell mediated-antitumor mechanisms in addition to its better characterized role as an anti-mitotic agent.