Epidemiologic Survey of Head and Neck Cancers in Korea

Head and neck cancers have never been systematically studied for clinical purposes yet in Korea. This epidemiological survey on head and neck cancer patients was undertaken from January to December 2001 in 79 otorhinolaryngology resident-training hospitals nationwide. The number of head and neck cancer patients was 1,063 cases in the year. The largest proportion of cases arose in the larynx, as many as 488 cases, which accounted for 45.9%. It was followed by, in order of frequency, oral cavity (16.5%), oropharynx (10.0%), and hypopharynx (9.5%). The male:female ratio was 5:1, and the mean age was 60.3 yr. Surgery was the predominant treatment modality in head and neck cancers: 204 (21.5%) cases were treated with only surgery, 198 (20.8%) cases were treated with surgery and radiotherapy, 207 cases (21.8%) were treated with combined therapy of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Larynx and hypopharynx cancers had a stronger relationship with smoking and alcohol drinking than other primary site cancers. Of them, 21 cases were found to be metastasized at the time of diagnosis into the lung, gastrointestinal tract, bone, or brain. Coexisting second primary malignancies were found in 23 cases. At the time of diagnosis, a total of 354 cases had cervical lymph node metastasis accounting for 42.0%.

Multiple Nonfunctioning Parathyroid Carcinoma Secondary to Chronic Renal Failure / 대한이비인후과학회지

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare entity accounting for only 0.5% to 5% of all cases of parathyroid neoplasm. Most of these malignancies present themselves as functional hormone-producing masses with elevated serum levels of parathormone and calcium. These tumors may also be nonfunctional, which is even rarer. Clinical detection of nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma prior to operation is primarily based on symptoms of an expanding neck mass and voice change. These condition may allow it to escape clinical attention until it has achieved an advanced state. So, the prognosis is relatively too bad. Most of these tumors often arise from preexisting parathyroid hyperplasia or adenoma. En bloc resection of primary lesion, ipsilateral thyroid lobe and isthmus together with a neck dissection only in case of lymph node involvement is recommended as the standard treatment. In this paper, we will introduce a case report of a bilateral nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma secondary to chronic renal failure.

Psychoanalysis of the Aesthetic Nasal Surgery / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although there are many different reasons for rhinoplasty, there has not been any been systematic research conducted about different motivations patients have. The motivation for the surgery, the preferred shape of nose, the concerns about surgery, the terms needed to make the decision were different and greatly depended on the circumstances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventeen persons who have been operated in the Inha Hospital from 1996 to 2000 have been consulted. The survey paper is constituted by fifty-one multiple-choice questions. RESULTS: For the question asking the main reason for wanting rhinoplasty, the majority answered it was to restore their injured nose. The next popular answer was the desire to have a better-shaped nose. For male patients, their deviated nose was caused by injury or accident, and thus desired to have the normal or the original shape of nose by operation. The survey revealed a different result for the opposite sex. The main reason for female patients' wanting rhinoplasty was to have a good-looking nose, and for that purpose they expressed their desire to heighten their nose. Interestingly, the concern about the side effects after the surgery was the greatest reason for avoiding rhinoplasty. CONCLUSION: Every surgery should be well-prepared with the exact analysis of the patient's nasal history and his special request.

A Case of Multiple Intramuscular Lipoma of the Tongue / 대한이비인후과학회지

Although lipomas are among the most common benign tumors, their occurrences in the oral cavity has been reported infrequently, accounting for only 2.2% to 4.4% of all benign tumors in this site. Especially, lipomas of the tongue are rare tumors that are represented by less than 0.5% of all benign tumors in the oral cavity. There are two types of solitary lipomas, the cutaneous (superficial) type and the deep-seated (subfascial) type. The deep and soft tissue-infiltrating lipomas are classified into between-muscle groups (intermuscular lipoma) or within-muscle groups (intramuscular lipoma). Intramuscular lipoma is composed of mature adipose tissues that infiltrate into muscles in a diffuse manner, and the entrapped muscle fibers exhibited varying degrees of atrophic change. We experienced a case of bilateral multiple intramuscular lipomas of the tongue which was cured by surgery.

The Causes and Frequency of Neonatal Septal Deformities / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nasal septal deformities have been reported at all ages and in all races. Many factors have been reported as being causative factors in nasal septal deformities. Among the factors, birth trauma was first reported by Metzenbaum as being a causative factor in nasal septal deformities, and has since been reported by many other authors. The aim of this study was to find if birth trauma is a cause of nasal septal deformities and to assess the frequency of neonatal septal deformities in Korean neonates. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The experiment was performed in a randomized group of neonates. A number of 602 neonates aged 1- 2 days have been examined in a two-month period. A number of 278 neonates were born by natural vaginal delivery (group A), 264 by elective cesarean section (group B) and 60 by emergency cesarean section (group C). The nasal septa of neonates were examined by otoscope, cotton wool test and strut test. RESULT: The septal deformities have been found in 66 neonates of group A (23.74%), in 32 of group B (12.12%) and in 11 of group C (18.33%). The Frequency of septal deformities was higher in group A compared to group B and C (p<0.05). In the group A neonates with septal deformity, however, the correlations between parity and septal deformity and between birth weight and septal deformity were not statistically significant (p <0.05). The overall incidence of septal deformities in the investigated neonates was 18.1% in this study. CONCLUSION: Birth trauma is a causative factor of neo natal septal deformities.