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Objective To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of group A rotavirus (RV) in children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea in Hubei province from 2018 to 2019, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of RV in key population. Methods A total of 922 fecal samples were collected from children aged 5 years and younger with diarrhea from 2018 to 2019 in sentinel hospitals of viral diarrhea surveillance in Hubei Province. Reverse transcription- Polymerase chain reactions were used for RV nucleic acid detection. VP7 and VP4 genes were amplified from RV positive samples, respectively. G and P genotypes were analyzed after sequence analysis. Results From 2018 to 2019, the positive rate of RV group A virus infection in children aged 5 years and under in Hubei province was 12.58%, and there was no significant difference between male and female infection (χ2=0.206, P>0.05).The positive rate of RV in group A was significantly different among different age groups (χ2=28.399, P<0.05). The main infected population was between 7 and 12 months and between 13 and 24 months. RV infection showed obvious seasonality, the prevalence appeared in December, and the prevalence peaked in January to March of the following year. Four G genotypes (G1, G2, G3 and G9) and two P genotypes (P[8] and P[4]) were found by G and P genotypes analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of RV group A virus. There were 5 genotype combinations of G and P, the main genotype was G9P[8], followed by G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8] and G2P[8]. Conclusion The genotypes of group A RV virus in children with diarrhea in Hubei province from 2018 to 2019 are diverse, and the main type is G9P[8]. People aged between 6 months and 24 months are the key population for prevention and control of RV in children aged 5 years and younger with diarrhea. Strengthen the protection of key population and vaccinations are helpful for prevention and control of RV diarrhea infection.
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Objective To analyze the operative therapeutic effect of proximal femoral nail antirotation blade (PFNA),dynamic hip screw (DHS) and femoral proximal locking compression plate (LCP)internal fixation in treatment with femoral intertrochanteric fracture of the aged.Methods Seventy-three aged patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were divided into 3 groups according to different internal fixation method:PFNA group (30 cases) was treated with PFNA internal fixation,DHS group (22 cases) was treated with DHS internal Fxation,LCP group (21 cases) was treated with LCP internal fixation.The operative time,intraoperative bleeding volume,fracture healing time,bad limb load time and hip joint function score were compared among the 3 groups.Results The operative time in PFNA group,DHS group and LCP group was (73.9 ± 8.5),(82.3 ± 10.6),(79.5 ± 11.2) min,there was statistical difference between PFNA group and DHS group (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistical difference between PFNA group and LCP group (P＞ 0.05).The intraoperative bleeding volume in PFNA group was significantly lower than that in DHS group and LCP group [(160.2 ± 15.6) ml vs.(208.4 ± 20.2) and (216.6 ml ± 24.9) ml],there was statistical difference (P ＜0.05).The fracture healing time and bad limb load time in PFNA group were significantly shorter than those in DHS group and LCP group [(97.4 ± 5.8) d vs.(101.2 ± 4.2),(110.0 ±8.3) d and (78.0 ±5.4) d vs.(85.9 ±7.6),(90.8±6.0) d],furtbermore DHS group were significantly shorter than those in LCP group,there were statistical differences among the 3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in excellent and good rate of hip joint function score among the 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions PFNA is the ideal therapeutic method for femoral intertrochanteric fracture of the aged.It has better curative effect compared to the DHS and LCP,and has less surgical trauma and can shorten the recovery time.
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A total of 100 HIN1 flu real-time-PCR positive throat swabs collected from fever patients in Zhejiang,Hubei and Guangdong between June and November 2009,were provided by local CDC laboratories.After MDCK cell culture,57 Influenza A Pandemic (H1N1) viruses were isolated and submitted for whole genome sequencing.A total of 39 HA sequences,52 NA sequences,36 PB2 sequences,31 PB1 sequences,40 PA sequences,48 NP sequences,51 MP sequences and 36 NS sequences were obtained,including 20 whole genome sequences.Sequence comparison revealed they shared a high degree of homology (96％～99％) with known epidemic strains (A/Califomia/04/2009(H1N1).Phylogenetic analysis showed that although the sequences were highly conserved,they clustered into a small number of groups with only a few distinct strains.Site analysis revealed three substitutions at loop 220 (221-228) of the HA receptor binding site in the 39 HA sequences:A/Hubei/86/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQEA,A/Zhejiang/08/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQER,A/Hubei/75/2009PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQGG,the A/Hubei/75/2009 was isolated from an acute case,while the other two were from patients with mild symptoms.Other key sites such as 119,274,292 and 294 amino acids of NA protein,627 of PB2 protein were conserved.Meanwhile,all the M2 protein sequences possessed the Ser32Asn mutation,suggesting that these viruses were resistant to adamantanes.Comparison of these sequences with other H1N1 viruses collected from the NCBI database provides insight into H1N1 transmission and circulation patterns.