Advances in Molecular Typing of Small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive and fatal malignant tumor. It has the characteristics of complex etiology, low differentiation, high malignancy, fast growth, strong invasiveness, early metastasis and acquired drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis. In recent years, with the gradual deepening understanding on the molecular mechanism of SCLC and multi-omics data, it is proposed that molecular typing can be carried out according to the differential expression of key transcription factors, including SCLC-A, SCLC-N, SCLC-P and SCLC-I subtypes. Molecular typing of SCLC and its clinical application will help doctors to further optimize the detailed diagnosis and treatment plan of SCLC patients, so as to prolong the survival time and improve the quality of life of patients.
.

Clinical values of B-ultrasound,CT,MRCP and ERCP in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma:a meta-analysis / 重庆医学

Objective To systematically assess the values of B-ultrasound(US),computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).Methods All published literatures on bile duct cancer were collected from the literature databases of PubMed,Medline,Embase,CNKI and Wanfang.Then the patients with bile duct cancer suspected by US,CT,MRCP and ERCP were performed the systematic review.The evaluation indicators included sensitivity and specificity.The summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)curve was adopted to obtain the area under the curve(AUC)and Q values.The diagnostic values of 4 kinds of method were analyzed.Results Forty-four articles were included,involving 4 364 patients.The pooled sensitivities of US,CT and MRCP were 0.75,0.82 and 0.85 respectively,the specificities were 0.72,0.80 and 0.87 respectively(sensitivity and specificity of ERCP cytology and image were 0.62,0.98;0.88,0.84),the Q values were 0.690 8,0.787 8 and 0.841 7(0.846 1,0.833 2 in ERCP cytology and image).Conclusion The accuracy of CT,MRCP and ERCP for diagnosing bile duct cancer is similar and higher than that of US,which is an effective assisted examination method when compared with US.The pooled specificity of ERCP cytology is obviously higher than that of other examination method and has high clinical diagnostic value in the patients with highly suspected bile duct malignant tumor.

Minimally invasive total arterial graft revascularization via a left minithoracotomy for multivessel coronary artery dis-ease / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the outcomes achieved by using left internal mammary artery(LIMA) to radial artery (RA) total arterial composite grafts in minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) for patients with multiple vessel disease.Methods From January 2009 to September 2015, 39 patients(24 males) with multiple vessel disease underwent MIDCAB with LIMA-RA total arterial composite grafts without cardiopulmonary bypass in our hospital .MIDCAB was performed through a left anterior minithoracotomy .Results All patients successfully underwent MIDCAB with LIMA-RA total arterial composite grafts.No patient required to convert to strenotomy during the surgery.Mean operation time was(176.1 ± 14.1)min.Revascularization was performed for 2 target vessels in 11 cases, 3 target vessels in 25 cases and 4 target vessels in 3 cases.Mean postoperative ventilation time was(21.9 ±27.9) h.Mean ICU time was(2.8 ±2.1) days, and mean postoper-ative inhosptial time was(11.2 ±3.3)days.There was no early death in perioperation.At a follow-up of 6 to 86 months[aver-age(27.5 ±18.0) months], one patient died.The overall survival at 2 years postoperatively was(96.0 ±3.9)%.The paten-cy rate of LIMA was 100%.The overall patency rate of RA grafts at 2 years postoperatively was(91.8 ±4.0)%.Conclusion MIDCAB with LIMA-RA total arterial composite grafts is a safe and effective procedure with favorable early and mid-term out-comes for patients with multiple vessel disease .

Determination of Residual Chloramphenicol in Wuji Baifeng Pills by HPLC-MS/MS with Normal Solid-phase Extraction / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of chloramphenicol residue in Wuji Baifeng pills by liquid chro -matography tandem mass spectrometry with normal solid-phase extraction .Methods:A normal solid-phase extraction column was used for the sample pretreatment and enrichment , and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to deter-mine chloramphenicol residue in Wuji Baifeng pills .The analysis was performed on an Agilent-ODS C18 (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm) column .The mobile phase was composed of methanol and water with gradient elution at 40℃ (0-7 min, 30% methanol;7-15 min, 30%-80%methanol;15-25 min, 80%-30%methanol).The flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1 , and the quantitation ion was m/z 152.1 (the negative ionization) under the mode of multiple reaction monitoring .Results:The limit of detection was 0.016 ng.The calibra-tion curves were linear within the range of 0.187-3.749 ng.The method recovery was 94.3% with RSD of 3.19%(n=9).Conclu-sion:The method is simple with accurate results .It is suitable for the determination of chloramphenicol residue .

Clinical analysis of EST and ENBD combined with continuous blood purification in treating severe acute pancreatitis / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the efficacy and significance of endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage(ENBD)combined with the continuous blood purification(CBP)in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Meth-ods The clinical data of 179 patients with SAP treated in our hospital over a period of ten years were retrospectively analyzed.The cases were divided into four groups according to the treatment methods.The conventional group was treated with the routine meth-od,the CBP group received the CBP therapy combibed with routine methods,the endoscopic group was given EST and ENBD on the basis of the routine methods and the combined group was treated with CBP,EST and ENBD.The patients′vital signs,WBC,CRP, APACHE Ⅱ score,abdominal signs change,incidence of complications,mortality and hospitalization days were compared among 4 groups.Results Compared with the conventional group,the clinical indicators,WBC,CRP,APACHEⅡ scores,blood amylase lev-el,incidence of local complications,mortality and hospitalization days in the rest three groups were decreased significantly(P0.05).Con-clusion CBP combined with EST and ENBD in treating SAP has the active and effective role for improving the disease condition, reducing complications and the mortality,and shortening the hospitalization time.

Prevention of acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia induced by ERCP with the useing of somatostatin in different period / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the preventive role of somatostatin in acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia induced by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancre aticography (ERCP) in different periods .Methods 570 cases were divided into four groups , the preoperative group(127 cases) ,the postoperative group(153 cases) ,the whole group(189 cases) and the control groups(101 ca-ses) ,and occurrences of acute pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia were observed .6 h before the operation ,the preoperative group was given 3 mg somatostatin per 12 h by microdosis venous pump .In 12 h after the operation ,the postoperative group was given 3 mg somatostatin per 12 h by microdosis venous pump ,the whole group was given somatostatin 6 h before and 12 h after the operation , the control group was injected normal saline .Measurement of hyperamylasemia was made in 24 h after ERCP ,and clinical manifes-tations of acute pancreatitis were also observed .Results The incidences of PEP and hyperamylasemia were 4 .04% ,23 .86% ,re-spectively .The incidences of hyperamylasemia among the four groups were 23 .62% ,21 .57% ,13 .23% and 47 .52% ,and the inci-dences of PEP were 3 .15% ,4 .58% ,1 .59% ,8 .91% .The incidences of hyperamylasemia and PEP in somatostatin used groups were statistical lower than the control group(P<0 .05) .Compared with the preoperative group and the postoperative group ,the incidence of hyperamylasemia in the whole group had significant difference(P<0 .05) .Compare witn the postoperative group ,the incidence of PEP in the whole group also had significant difference(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Use of somatostatin can reduce the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia ,and the use of somatostatin before and after the operation have a better preventive effect .

Auxiliary effect of ultrasonic guidance for percutaneous transhepatic varices embolization / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To explore the auxiliary effect of ultrasonic guidance for percutaneous transhepatic varices embolization ( PTVE) for the treatment of hemorrhage of upper gastrointestinal with cirrhosis. Methods Fifty-two patients arranged PTVE by ultrasonic guidance were considered as observation group,and 37 patients arranged PTVE by blind paracentesis were considered as control group. The paracentesis success ratio,time of paracentesis,results and rate of complications in the two groups were compared. Results The achievement ratio of one-time puncture in observation group(73. 1%) was significantly increased than that in control group(43. 25). The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05). The time of paracentesis in observation group (2. 3±0. 6) min was shorter than that in control group(4. 2±0. 8) min. The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05). The rate of embolization rate in observation group(100%) was obviously higher than that in control group(86. 5%),the differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05),and the rate of complications was less than that in control group. Conclusion The ultrasonic guidance plays an important assistant roles for PTVE,it is helpful to determine the location of portal vein and increase the paracentesis succeed ratio and speed. It is safe and deserved to be spread.

Clinical experience of early anticoagulant therapy after endovascular stent-graft exclusion for Stanford B type aortic / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To summarize the preliminary experience of early anticoagulant therapy after endovascular stent graft exclusion for Stanford B type aortic dissection.Methods From June 2006 to June 2011,75 patients[ 65 males,10 fe males,mean age (59.1±13.5) years,range 22 -81 years ] under went endovascular stent-graft exclusion for Stafford B type aortic dissection in Shanghai Xinhua Hospital.Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was used to evaluate the lesions of aortic dissection before endovascular stent-graft exchusion.The descending thoracic aortic diameters were 22 mm to 42 mm [ mean (30.3±4.0) mm ].The distance from the breakage of dissection to the left vertebral artery(LSA)was longer than 1.5 mm in 29 cases,and shorter than 1.5cmin 46 cases.During the operation,left subclavian artery revascularization was per formed to patient,whose left vertebral artery was advantage and needs to be fully or partially covered From the second day after operation,asprin was given to patint,whose left subclavian artery was fully or partially coverd by endovascular stent-graft(no endoleak and residual distal tear).Early anticoagulant therapy lasted 3 months.The symptoms or signs about nervous system were observed in the early stage of postoperation,and the CTA was examined at postoperative 3 months.Results The operation succeeded in 75 patients.The diameters of aortic stent were 26mm to 46rmm[ mean(34.3±4.0) mm ].Left subclavian ar tery revascularization was carried out for 2 cases of all patients.The left subclavian artery was fully or partially coverd in 58 patients(fully covered in 19 cases,2/3 covered in 15 cases,1/2 covered in 24 cases),and 56 patints(no endoleak and residualdistal tear) were given anticoagulant therapy to prevent vertebral artery thrombosis.2 patients(2.7％)died in the early stage after operation.1 patient died of renal failure,1 patient died of dissection rupture,The duration of hospitalization was 4 to 19 days [ mean (7.9±3.5)days ].No neurological complications occurred in hospital.The follow-up period was 6 to 66 months.1 patient died during the follow-up,1 patient had recurrence of Stanford A type aortic dissection and was cured by ascending aorta and aortic arch replacement,1 patient had recurrence of Stanford B type aortic dissection and was cured by second endovascular stent-graft exclusion.All patients had no neurological complications,such as cerebral infarction and paraplegia.Concluslon Early anticoagulant therapy could safely and effectively prevent the neurological complications (such as cerebral infarction and paraplegia) related to vertebral artery thrombosis for Stanford B type aortic dissection patients whose left subclavian artery was fully or partially coverd by endovascular stent-graft.

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis by EST and ENBD / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To discuss the clinical use of endoscopic Sphincterotomy(EST)and endoscopic nosalbiliary drainage(ENBD) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods:77 patients were divided into the endoscopic treatment group and contol group.EST plus ENBD were performed in patients of the endoscopic treatment group 24h after hospitalization.The control group were treated with the combination of treatment.Blood was drawn in each group the day and 48h following hospitalization for amylase measurement.The time of bellyache relief.the morbidity rate and hospital stay were also observed.Results:48h after hospitalization amylase measurement was significiantly lower in endoscopic treatment group 982?mol/L?24?mol/L than that in control group(1576?mol/L?31?mol/L,P

EFFECT OF SOYBEAN ISOFLAVONE ON PROLIFERATION AND EXPRESSION OF HIF-1? IN GASTRIC CANCER CELL SGC-7901 DURING HYPOXIA / 营养学报

Objetive: To study the effect of soybean isoflavone(SI) on the growth of gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 during hypoxia and its mechanisms. Method: The environment of hypoxia was established by GasPaK method. The effect of SI was determined by MTT and FCM which was used for studying apoptosis and cell cycle of SGC-7901. Electron microscopy was used to study the effects of SI on apoptosis and necrosis of SGC-7901. Cell-immunochemistry was used to observe the change of hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1? and FAS expression. Results: SI could inhibit significantly the growth of SGC-7901, and arrest the cell in G2/M phases during normal and hypoxia environment. The inhibitory effect was elevated significantly during hypoxia. Electron microscopy showed the cell apoptosis and necrosis. FAS expression was elevated by SI during normal and hypoxia environment, and HIF-1? expression was downregulated during hypoxia. Conclusion: SI can inhibit SGC-7901 cell growth via arrest of cell cycle, elevated expression of FAS, apoptosis and necrosis induction and other pathways. The inhibition of the increased HIF-1? expression is probably the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of SI during hypoxia.

Induction of apoptosis and influence of HIF-1? expression on esophageal carcinoma cell ECa109 by soybean isoflavone during hypoxia / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the mechanisms and effect of soybean isoflavone on esophageal carcinoma cell ECa109 during the normoxia and hypoxia. Methods The environment of hypoxia was established by GasPak method. The ECa109 cells were assigned into normal control group, soybean isoflavones group, hypoxia group, and soybean isoflavones plus hypoxia group. The effect of soybean isoflavones was determined by MTT, and FCM was used for detecting the apoptosis and cell cycle of ECa109. Electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of ECa109 induced by soybean isoflavone. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the changes of HIF-1? and Fas. Results Soybean isoflavone could inhibit significantly the growth of ECa109 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and arrest the cells in G_2/M phase during normoxia and hypoxia. The inhibitory effect was elevated significantly during hypoxia, and the cell apoptosis and necrosis were observed by electron microscope. The Fas expression was elevated by soybean isoflavone during the normoxia and hypoxia, and the HIF-1? expression was down-regulated during hypoxia. Conclusion Soybean isoflavone can inhibit ECa109 cells growth by delaying the progress of cell cycle, up-regulating the Fas expression. Soybean isoflavone can inhibit the expression of HIF-1? that was increased during hypoxia, which may be the mechanism that the inhibitory effect was enhanced significantly during hypoxia.

The effects of hypoxia on invasion and angiogenesis of gastric cancer in vitro / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study the effect of hypoxia on the invasion ,metastasis,and angiogenesis of gastric cancer in vitro. Methods: MTT was used to study the effects of viability durng hypoxia on SGC-7901,The Boyden Chamber membrane invasion culture system was used to study invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis. Immunocy tochemical staining was used to observe the change of TGF-?1. Resuts: In the membrane invasion culture system,the numbers of invading and migrating SGC-7901 cells were significantly higher in hypoxia group than in the control group (P

Experience in Teaching the Trainees of Digestive Endoscopy / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The technology role in diagnosing and treating gastroenterological of digestive endoscopy plays a significant diseases at present.The trainees for advance study are required to get familiar with the appliance,to learn about the indication,the contraindication,and the complication of using digestive endoscopy,to understand the advanced diagnosing and treating technology of digestive endoscopy in the world and they are also instructed without reservation the gist of endoscopic technique in accordance with their aptitude.

The effect of soybean isoflavones on induction of apoptosis on gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study the inhibitory effects of soybean isoflavones and its induction of apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell SGC-7901.Methods:MTT,FCM and electron microscope were used to study the effects of soybean isoflavones on SGC-7901.Results:MTT showed that the soybean isoflavones inhibited SGC-7901 growth.It could arrest the cell in G2/M,electron microscope showed soybean isoflavones could reduce apoptosis.Conclusion:Soybean isoflavones inhibits SGC-7901 cells growth via apoptosis reduction.

Implantation of esophageal stent under the supervision of gastroscope / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study the clinical treatment for esophageal malignant stenosis or esophageal fistula with stent implantation under the supervision of gastroscope.Methods:Eighteen operation-intolerant patients with late esophageal cancer accompanied by stenosis or fistula were selected and administered nickel-titanium coil stent under the supervision of gastroscope.Results:The symptoms of dysphagia and esophageal fistula disappeared and the stent was setup properly.Conclusion:The technique of implanting the nickel-titanium coil stent is an effective palliative treatment for the late esophageal malignant stenosis or fistula.And it is simple and reliable to implant the esophageal stent under the supervision of gastroscope.

INHIBITION OF GASTRIC CANCER CELLS INVASION AND METASTASIS BY GENISTEIN IN VITRO / 营养学报

Objetive: To study the effect of genistein on the invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells SGC-7901 in vitro. Method: MTT was used to study the effects of adhesion by genistein on SGC-7901. The Boyden Chamber membrane invasion culture system was used to study invasion and metastasis. Cell-immunochemistry was used to observe the change of TGF- 1. Results: In the membrane invasion culture system, the numbers of invading and migrating SGC-7901 cells were significantly lower in genistein treated groups than those in the control groups (P