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As a transport channel for amino acids, solute carrier (SLC) exists in all kinds of cells, and its function is to transport various amino acids and provide necessary nutrients for the growth and development of cells. In recent years, SLC7A5 and SLC7A11 genes of SLC7 family members have been found to be highly expressed in various malignant tumors, which can promote the occurrence and development of tumors by providing necessary amino acids for tumors. Studies have shown that these genes are associated with a variety of malignant tumors, and their expression is closely related to the growth, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of tumor cells. Moreover, the results of multiple studies suggest that SLC7A5 and SLC7A11 genes can be used as therapeutic targets for malignant tumors. Clarifying the expression and clinical significance of the above genes in malignant tumors, the molecular biological mechanism and the progress of molecular targeted therapy are helpful to provide a new way for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.
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With the development of immunotherapy in clinical application, immunotherapy also takes advantage in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 show significant antitumor activity and safety in immunotherapy for patients with advanced ESCC.
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Immonocheckpoint inhabitors have become the focus of tumor therapy in recent years, and more and more tumor patients benefit from immunotherapy. Due to the high cost of immunotherapy, the benefit rate of immunotherapy for untested population is only 20%. Therefore, accurate selection of predictive biomarkers is crucial for individualized immunotherapy of tumor patients. Biomarkers reflecting tumor immune microenvironment and tumor cell intrinsic features, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1, tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability, have been proved to associate with treatment effect of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 therapy. At the same time, markers based on tissue and serum emerge in endlessly. How to truly achieve accurate immunotherapy for tumor needs further clinical research.
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Neoadjuvant therapy combined with surgery is a very promising clinical treatment strategy for esophageal cancer. Combined with its effectiveness and safety, neoadjuvant radiotherapy can be used as a treatment method for severe esophageal cancer and unresectable esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has a higher value in the treatment of adenocarcinoma. Neoadjuvant cheoradiotherapy can be used as the recommended treatment scheme for patients with squamous cancer.
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Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) and microRNA-21 (miR-21) have been widely recognized as tumor suppressor and promoter. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis provides a new strategy for studying the interaction of RNAs. In recent years, studies have shown that MEG3 can play an important role in the occurrence, development, proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance and prognosis of breast cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, leukemia and other malignant tumors as the ceRNA of miR-21.
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As a kind of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs),small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) is located on chromosome 7.In recent years,studies have shown that lncRNA SNHG15 is over expressed in various types of cancers such as glioma,thyroid cancer,breast cancer,lung cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,renal carcinoma,pancreatic cancer,osteosarcoma,and it can promote the proliferation,invasion,metastasis of malignant tumors and lead to poor prognosis of tumor patients through different signal pathways.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Smad7 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on proliferation in human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990,with a focus on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2).To explore the underlying mechanism of the role of Smad7 in the pathogenesis and development of pancreatic cancer.MethodsSmad7 ASODN was transfected into SW1990 cells through lipofectamine.Nosense oligodeoxynucleotide (NSODN),ASODN and lipofectamine was used as control. The transfection efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.The expressions of Smad7,MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in transfected cells were detectedby RT-PCR and Western blot.Cell viability was assessed by dimethyl thiazoldiphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) method. Results Smad7 was expressed in SW1990 cells.The transfection efficiency of SW1990 was 81.2％.The expressions of Smad7 mRNA were 0.34 ± 0.06,0.95 ±0.07,1.03 ± 0.11 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group; and the expressions of MMP-2 mRNAwere 0.54 ± 0.08,1.15 ± 0.13,1.27 ± 0.16 ; and the expressions of TIMP - 2 mRNA were 0.26 ±0.07,0.72 ± 0.13,0.78 ± 0.17,the mRNA expressions were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).The expressions of Smad7 protein were 0.14 ± 0.03,0.29 ± 0.05,0.28 ± 0.07 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group; the expressions of MMP-2 protein were 0.17 ±0.02,0.29 ±0.05,0.31 ±0.04,and the expressions of TIMP-2 protein were 0.20 ± 0.03,0.41 ± 0.11,0.43 ± 0.09,the protein expressions were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).The A490 values of proliferation were 0.83 ± 0.03,1.02 ±0.02,0.99 ±0.02 in transfected group,ASODN and lipofectamine group,the proliferation were significantly reduced in Smad7 ASODN transfected group,compared with other two groups (P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionsSmad7 ASODN could effectively inhibit the expressions of Smad7,therefore decrease the expressions of MMP-2,TIMP-2 and reduce the proliferation.
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Objective To investigate the microRNAs expression profile in human colorectal cancer with or without liver metastasis and try to screen miRNA associated with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Methods Twenty five surgical resected colorectal cancer specimens were collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Three without liver metastasis and three with liver metastasis were selected, from which total RNAs were isolated. The expressions of miRNAs in these two types of specimens were detected by illumine microRNA microarray, and the difference of miRNA expression was screened. The biochip results were verified with real-time RT-PCR in all colorectal caner specimens. Results The miRNA expression was significantly different in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis and without liver metastasis. Compared with colorectal cancer without liver metastasis, 28 miRNA expressions was different in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis, 4 up regulated and 24 down regulated. The quantity of miR-139-3p expression in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis was 1.75±0.40, up regulated compared with that incolorectal cancer without liver metastasis(0. 69 ±0.58,P＜0.05). The quantity of miR-19a expression in liver metastasis was 0. 39±0. 20, downregulated compare with no liver metastasis( 1.38 ± 0.98, P＜0. 05). The result of miRNA biochip was consistent with that of RT-PCR. Conclusion The difference of miRNA expression might relate to liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. The specific miRNAs expression profile might provide new target for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis.
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In a hospital, key disciplines are often regarded as the representative of service and reputation of the hospital. It is therefore of great significance to strengthen the construction of key disciplines to ensure sustainable development of the hospital in the increasingly fierce competition of medical market. This paper discusses how to strengthen construction of key disciplines from four aspects, namely, to increase the awareness of focal discipline construction among hospital staffs, and establish "brand awareness" ;to develop a team of high level professionals, and develop or introduce academic leaders; to improve academic research level and promote the technology progress ;and to strengthen management by objectives.
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Purpose:To study the clinical response and the toxic-side reactions of patients with gastric cancer treated with continuous infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) lasting 240 hours.Methods:35 cases of gastric cancer were treated with continuous infusion of 5-FU lasting 240 hours.32 cases of gastric cancer were treated with traditional infusion of 5-FU on days 1 to 5. The clinical response and the toxic -side reactions were observed.Results:35 cases were treated with continuous infusion of 5-FU regimen with a response rate of 51.4%. 32 cases were treated with traditional infusion of 5-FU regimen with a response rate of 25.0%,thus between them,there was a significant difference in curative effects. The toxicities in traditional infusion of 5-FU group were more severe than in continuous infusion of 5-FU group. They included myelosuppression nausea et al.Conclusions:Continuous infusion of 5-FU regimen is preferable in the treatment of gastric cancer.