Secondary Infections in Swine Flu.

Swine influenza is respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza virus that causes regular outbreak in pigs. Human to human transmission occurs. Some people develop severe respiratory symptoms and need ventilator. Patients can get secondary bacterial infections in form of pneumonia if viral infections persist. Death of swine flu occurs due to secondary bacterial infections leading to bacterial pneumonias. Method : 369 patients having acute respiratory illness suspected to be suffering from swine flu were included. Real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on sputum samples or tracheal aspirates of 134 patients admitted in Hospital due to pneumonia. 90 of these patients were positive for swine flu by RT-PCR. Result : Among 90 patients 55 patients’ shows bacterial growth and 35 patients did not show any growth. Maximum patients 17 shows Klebseilla pneumoniae,17 show Staphylococcus aureus ,10 show Escherichia coli,8 show Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 3 patients show Streptococccus pneumoniae. Even after treatment, death of 36 patients occurred. Among these 36 patients, 19 had both, bacterial as well as swine flu infection and 17 patients had only swine flu infection. Conclusion : Secondary bacterial infections in swine flu patients were multiresistant to antibiotics were noted. Pneumonia caused by co-infection contributes to a severe rapidly progressive illness.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis a rare disease.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disease in which abnormal accumulation of surfactant occurs with in the alveoli, interfering with gas exchange. PAP can occur in a primary form or secondarily in the settings of malignancy , pulmonary infection, or environmental exposure to dusts or chemicals. Rare familial forms have also been recognized suggesting a genetic component . we are going to present a rare case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Remmiting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) a rare Disease.

Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema is a rare clinical entity described as an acute onset polyarthritis with edema affecting geriatric population particularly males. The etiopathogenesis of disease is still elusive but clinical, radiological and immunological characteristics separate it from the more common disease like Rheumatoid arthritis and Polymyalgia rheumatica. Disease has an excellent prognosis with low dose steroids and patients undergo long-term remission even after withdrawal of drugs. We hereby describe a case of 90 year old female presented to us with polyarthritis and pitting edema of hands that we diagnosed as RS3PE.

Fibrosarcoma of penis--a case report.

Malignant mesenchymal tumours of penis are rare. A rare case of fibrosarcoma of penis in 60 year male is presented herewith.

Calcium regulates the expression of a Dictyostelium discoideum asparaginyl tRNA synthetase gene.

In a screen for calcium-regulated gene expression during growth and development of Dictyostelium discoideum we have identified an asparaginyl tRNA synthetase (ddAsnRS) gene, the second tRNA synthetase gene identified in this organism. The ddAsnRS gene shows many unique features. One, it is repressed by lowering cellular calcium, making it the first known calcium-regulated tRNA synthetase. Two, despite the calcium-dependence, its expression is unaltered during the cell cycle, making this the first D. discoideum gene to show a calcium-dependent but cell cycle phase-independent expression. Finally, the N-terminal domain of the predicted ddAsnRS protein shows higher sequence similarity to Glutaminyl tRNA synthetases than to other Asn tRNA synthetases. These unique features of the AsnRS from this primitive eukaryote not only point to a novel mechanism regulating the components of translation machinery and gene expression by calcium, but also hint at a link between the evolution of GlnRS and AsnRS in eukaryotes.