RESUMO
Increased carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT] is considered as a marker for early detection of atherosclerotic changes in the arterial walls. The purpose of this study was to assess CIMT in type 1 diabetic patients compared to controls. A case-control study was performed on 34 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 33 healthy people in Kashan during 2013-2014. The inclusion criterion was the diabetes history more than one year and the exclusion criteria were the use of antihypertensive or lipid reducing drugs, smoking, family history of cardiovascular disease, any complications of diabetes and any chronic disease. The weight, height, blood pressure and CIMT of the patients were measured. Moreover, laboratory tests including fast blood sugar, Hb Ale and lipid tests were performed. Sixty-seven subjects [34 type 1 diabetes patients and 33 healthy controls] were evaluated. The mean history of diabetes mellitus was 76.03 +/- 51.44 months. The mean age of the healthy subjects was 15.35 +/- 5.73 years and for the patients 15.25 +/- 7.94 years. Mean CIMT in healthy subjects was 0.439 +/- 0.06 mm and in patients 0.478 +/- 0.05 mm [P=0.005]. Moreover, maximum CIMT was higher in the patients than in the controls [P=0.01]. The multiple linear regression showed that CIMT was about 0.012 units higher in diabetic patients than in controls, and also CIMT was increased 0.012 units per one unit increase in HbAlc values. The mean CIMT in patients with type 1 diabetes was higher than in the controls and positively correlated with the history of diabetes, while it does not correlate with the lipid profiles, blood pressure and body mass index
RESUMO
An increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome [MetS] and type 2 diabetes [T2D] among the obese children is associated with such complications as the early cardiovascular diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of MetS and T2D among the obese children and adolescents in Kashan. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 450 obese children aged 4-18 years in Kashan. Demographic data were recorded for each case and the 12-hour fasting blood samples were collected to determine the total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, and plasma glucose levels. MetS was defined as the presence of at least three of the following five criteria: [1] BMI?95th percentile for age and gender, [2] triglyceride level>95th percentile for age and gender, [3] HDL level<5th percentile for age and gender, [4] impaired fasting glucose?100 mg/dL, and [5] systolic or diastolic blood pressure?95th percentile for age and height. Among 450 children, 227 [50.4%] cases were male and 223 [49.6%] female. The mean age of children was 10.3 +/- 3.18 years. One hundred fifty-four cases [34.22%] had MetS and 7 cases [1.3%] met 5 criteria for MetS. Moreover, three cases [0.7%] had T2D. Significantly high frequency of the metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents in this city can signal a wide range of adverse health effects