Reflection on the construction of psychological crisis intervention system for college students under the background of "E (epidemic)" era / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study deeply explores the cause of high incidence of PHE-associated psychological crisis in college students, and advocates the teaching management staffs to take full advantage of the present information technology on college students' psychological assessment, daily psychological education, and related information collection, with the current college information construction platforms. The aim is to build an early warning and intervention mechanism that is susceptible to college students' psychological crisis, and to better protect the mental health of college students.

Distribution and transfusion efficacy of unexpected antibody / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical characteristics and antibody distribution as well as evaluate the transfusion efficacy in unexpected antibody positive patients. 【Methods】 A total of 12 235 patients from January 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023 who hospitalized in our hospital and applied for blood transfusion were selected, and those with unexpected antibody were included. The clinical data, including gender, age, diagnosis, blood type, history of transfusion and pregnancy were collected for antibody distribution analysis. Patients who received transfusion were grouped according to the DAT results and the components of red blood cells transfused, and the Hb values of each group before and after transfusion were compared. 【Results】 Among12 235 patients, 118 were positive for antibody screening, with a prevalence of 0.96%. The antibodies from Rh system were the most common (27.43%, 48/175), followed by MNS system (8.57%, 15/175) and Lewis system (6.29%, 11/175), mainly anti-E (18.29%, 32/175), anti-M (8.00%, 14/175) and anti-Lea (5.71%, 10/175). In addition, 62 transfused patients were divided into group A with suspended red blood cell transfusion and group B with washed red blood cell transfusion for positive DAT, and group C for negative DAT. Hb values (g/L) pre- and post-transfusion were 59.19±15.67 vs 77.52±15.09 in group A, 56.35±14.08 vs 74.44±15.63 in group B, 56.00±12.06 vs 75.00±4.73 in group C, respectively. The Hb values of post-transfusion for three groups were all higher than those of pre-transfusion (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Anti-E from Rh system is the most common antibody in patients with unexpected antibody. Appropriate red blood cells transfusion with Hb increases by an average of 6-7 g/L per 1 U of red blood cells indicating good transfusion efficacy. For positive DAT patients, transfusion of suspended red blood cell is feasible.

Pharmacokinetic study of small molecule inhibitor SYHA1809 in Beagle dogs / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetics of small molecule inhibitor SYHA1809 in Beagle dogs. METHODS LC-MS/MS method was adopted. Beagle dogs were randomly divided into single intravenous administration group （3.75 mg/kg）， single low-dose intragastric administration group （3.75 mg/kg）， single medium-dose intragastric administration group （7.5 mg/kg）， single high-dose intragastric administration group （15 mg/kg） and multiple intragastric administration group （7.5 mg/kg， once a day， for 7 consecutive days）， with 6 dogs in each group， half male and half female. The plasma samples of Beagle dogs were collected in each group according to the set time point， and underwent LC-MS/MS quantitative analysis after preprocessing. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.0 software using obtained data. RESULTS After intravenous injection， CL of SYHA1809 in Beagle dogs was （2.70±0.48） mL/（min·kg）， steady-state distribution volume was 0.757 L/kg， and t1/2 was （3.35±1.36） h； after single intragastric administration of low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose of SYHA1809， average tmax was （0.53±0.02） h， and the blood drug concentration increased with the increase of dose； after single intragastric administration of 3.75 mg/kg SYHA1809， the absolute bioavailability was 83.5%； within the dose range of 3.75-15 mg/kg， the increase in cmax and AUC of SYHA1809 was positively correlated with the dose； after intragastric administration of 7.5 mg/kg SYHA1809 for 7 consecutive days， the pharmacokinetic parameters of SYHA1809 were comparable to those of a single intragastric administration of the same dose， with no statistically significant difference （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS SYHA1809 is absorbed rapidly in Beagle dogs， shows the dose-dependent blood concentration， high bioavailability， no obvious accumulation after multiple intragastric administration， and good pharmacokinetic behavior.

A cross-sectional study on association of blood pressure and risk of diabetes mellitus / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To assess the association between blood pressure and the risks of diabetes mellitus.Methods:Screening and intervention were conducted from 2015 to 2019 for high-risk subjects of cardiovascular diseases in eight counties of Henan. Information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and anthropometric measurements were obtained via a questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected for blood glucose and serum lipids. The R 3.6.3 software was used to analyze the relationship between blood pressure and diabetes mellitus.Results:The detection rate of diabetes mellitus was 23.5% among 120 040 participants aged 35-75 years. The mean fasting blood glucose level was significantly different among normotensive, prehypertensive, and hypertensive patients. Compared to normotensive patients, prehypertension and hypertension had adjusted ORs of 34%( OR=1.34, 95 CI%: 1.30-1.37) and 85%( OR=1.85, 95 CI%: 1.81-1.89). The corresponding ORs were 1.81(1.77-1.85) in controlled and 2.17(2.06-2.28) in uncontrolled patients. A subgroup analysis showed the same trend, where the risk of diabetes increased with blood pressure ( P<0.05). Conclusions:People with elevated BP may increase their risk of diabetes, while the risk declines when BP is under control. Therefore, targeted measures should be taken to reduce the risk.

Levels of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum of patients with chronic periodontitis and their clinical significance / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the level of gingival crevicular fluid and serum gingival sulcus fluid Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and interleukin (IL)-17 in patients with chronic periodontitis and their clinical significance.Methods:80 patients with chronic periodontitis (observation group) and 40 healthy periodontal subjects (control group) were prospectively selected. The gingival index (GI), bleeding index (BI), probe depth (PD), loss of attachment (AL) levels were compared between the two groups. The IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), DKK1, MIP-1α and IL-17 levels in the gingival sulcus fluid and serum of the two groups were compared, and the correlation of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 levels with periodontal indexes and inflammatory factors in the observation group were analyzed. The DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid and serum before and after treatment were compared among the patients with different disease degrees.Results:The levels of GI, BI, PD and AL in the observation group [(2.11±0.36)points, (3.76±0.65)points, (4.56±0.78)mm, (4.06±0.49)mm, respectively] were higher than those of the control group [(0.53±0.08)points, (1.61±0.33)points, (2.13±0.29)mm, 0 mm, respectively] (all P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in gingival crevicular fluid of the observation group [(65.23±9.30)ng/L, (310.19±42.95)ng/L, (40.46±9.70)ng/L, (13.70±3.62)μg/L, (19.67±8.14)μg/L, (315.84±53.76)pg/μl] were higher than those of the control group [(36.81±5.61)ng/L, (178.21±25.73)ng/L, (26.43±5.76)ng/L, (7.41±2.02)μg/L, (6.23±1.99)μg/L, (266.64±46.27)pg/μl, respectively] (all P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-8, TNF-α, DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in the observation group were also higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). In the observation group, the levels of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum were positively correlated with eriodontal indexes (GI, BI, PD, AL) and the IL-8 and TNF-α levels (all P<0.05). In the observation group, the levels of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum of mild patients were lower than those of moderate to severe patients, and the levels of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in mild and moderate to severe patients after treatment were also lower than those before treatment, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The levels of DKK-1, MIP-1α and IL-17 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum of patients with chronic periodontitis are increased, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis. Detection of these indicators has certain significance for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Value of ultrasonic inferior vena cava parameters in predicting cesarean section subarachnoid obstruction and supine hypotension syndrome / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of ultrasonic inferior vena cava parameters in predicting supine hypotension syndrome after subarachnoid block.Methods:80 cases of cesarean section under subarachnoid block in singleton pregnancy treated in Beijing Maternity Hospital from August 2019 to March 2020 were selected retrospectively. According to the occurrence of supine hypotension syndrome after anesthesia, they were divided into two groups (group A had supine hypotension syndrome and group B did not), with 40 cases in each group. The changes of related parameters of inferior vena cava in supine position and left 30 ° lying position were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the maximum end expiratory diameter (IVCe), the minimum end inspiratory diameter (IVCi) and the collapse index (IVC-CI) of inferior vena cava and the changes of systolic blood pressure in supine hypotension syndrome were analyzed, and the value of IVCe, IVCi and IVC-CI in predicting supine hypotension syndrome were compared.Results:Under the condition of supine position and left 30 ° lying position, the levels of IVCe and IVCi in group A were significantly lower than those in group B ( P<0.05), and the levels of IVC-CI were higher than those in group B ( P<0.05). Spearman analysis showed that the levels of IVCe and IVCi were positively correlated with the changes of systolic blood pressure in the occurrence of supine hypotension syndrome ( P<0.05), and the levels of IVC-CI were negatively correlated with the changes of systolic blood pressure in the occurrence of supine hypotension syndrome ( P<0.05). IVC-CI had the highest yoden index and the highest sensitivity in predicting the occurrence of supine hypotension syndrome, and IVCe had the highest specificity in predicting the occurrence of supine hypotension syndrome. Conclusions:Cava collapse index has high sensitivity to predict supine hypotension syndrome, while the maximum end-expiratory diameter of inferior vena cava has high specificity to predict supine hypotension syndrome.

Correlation between ICU related memory, ruminant thinking, resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To analyze the multiple mediating effects of ruminant thinking and mental resilience on ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury, and to provide guidance for the psychological intervention of patients with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.@*Methods@#Totally 522 cases of patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury were selected and selected from four three-class superior hospitals in Harbin City and two three-class superior hospitals in Shenzhen City from January 2017 to December 2017. To investigate ICU related-memory, post-traumatic stress disorder, ruminant thinking and resilience, and to analyze ICU related memory and post traumatic stress in ruminant thinking and heart elasticity Multiple mediating effects between obstacles.@*Results@#The scores of ICU-related memories in patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury were (64.18±10.34) points, the score of ruminant thinking was (63.15±8.21) points, the score of mental resilience was (62.34±8.41) points, and the score of post-traumatic stress disorder was (40.74±10.24) points. There were significant positive correlations between 22 patients with ICU related memory, ruminant thinking and post-traumatic stress barrier (ICU-related memory vs. ruminant thinking, r=0.777; ICU-related memory vs. post-traumatic stress disorder, r=0.724; ruminant thinking vs. post-traumatic stress disorder, r=0.734, P<0.01), which had a significant negative correlation with mental resilience (r=-0.718, -0.722, P<0.01). There was only a partial mediation effect between resilience and ruminant thinking in the relation of ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder. Which took mediating effect at 29.0% and 20.7% of the total effect. Resilience-self-efficacy had a chain mediated effect between ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder, with an effective value of 0.36, accounting for 15.6% of the total effect.@*Conclusion@#The ruminant thinking and ICU related-memory can be inhibited and the post-traumatic stress disorder can be alleviated by improving the mental resilience level of the patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury from ICU.

Arthroscopic single-tibial tunnel Pushlock fixation for tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament: short-term outcomes / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To observe the short-term clinical outcomes of arthroscopic single-tibial tunnel Pushlock fixation in the treatment of tibial avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).Methods From December 2015 to January 2018,15 patients with tibial avulsion fracture of PCL were treated at Department of Articular Surgery,The Third Affiliated Hospital to Hebei Medical University.They were treated with arthroscopic single-tibial tunnel Pushlock fixation.All the fractures were fresh.They were 9 males and 6 females,aged from 14 to 64 years (average,33.6 years).The short-term outcomes were evaluated by comparing their preoperative and postoperative flexion of the knee,International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores.Results The operation lasted from 40 to 70 minutes (average,53 minutes).The 15 patients were successfully followed up for 10 to 18 months (average,12.2 months).All the fractures united well within 3 months after operation.All the posterior drawer tests were negative,showing no displacements or no complications like lesions of popliteal fossa,nerves and vessels,or impaired knee extension.At 6 months after surgery,the knee flexion (123.4°± 6.5°),the Lysholm scores (91.8 ± 3.5) and the IKDC scores (95.5 ± 1.6) were all significantly improved compared with the preoperative values (77.5°±13.1°,46.8 ±8.9 and 37.0±8.9) (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The tibial avulsion fracture of PCL can be treated by arthroscopic single-tibial tunnel Pushlock fixation with satisfactory early outcomes.

Correlation between ICU related memory, ruminant thinking, resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the multiple mediating effects of ruminant thinking and mental resilience on ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury, and to provide guidance for the psychological intervention of patients with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Totally 522 cases of patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury were selected and selected from four three-class superior hospitals in Harbin City and two three-class superior hospitals in Shenzhen City from January 2017 to December 2017. To investigate ICU related-memory, post-traumatic stress disorder, ruminant thinking and resilience, and to analyze ICU related memory and post traumatic stress in ruminant thinking and heart elasticity Multiple mediating effects between obstacles. Results The scores of ICU-related memories in patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury were (64.18±10.34) points, the score of ruminant thinking was (63.15±8.21) points, the score of mental resilience was (62.34 ± 8.41) points, and the score of post-traumatic stress disorder was (40.74±10.24) points. There were significant positive correlations between 22 patients with ICU related memory, ruminant thinking and post-traumatic stress barrier (ICU-related memory vs. ruminant thinking, r=0.777; ICU-related memory vs. post-traumatic stress disorder, r=0.724; ruminant thinking vs. post-traumatic stress disorder, r=0.734, P<0.01), which had a significant negative correlation with mental resilience (r=-0.718,-0.722, P<0.01). There was only a partial mediation effect between resilience and ruminant thinking in the relation of ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder. Which took mediating effect at 29.0% and 20.7% of the total effect. Resilience-self-efficacy had a chain mediated effect between ICU related memory and post-traumatic stress disorder, with an effective value of 0.36, accounting for 15.6% of the total effect. Conclusion The ruminant thinking and ICU related-memory can be inhibited and the post-traumatic stress disorder can be alleviated by improving the mental resilience level of the patients with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury from ICU.

Comparison of Diagnosis Values of CD64 Infection Index, CRP, PCT and NEU% in the Leukemia Complicated with Bacterial Infection / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the diagnostic values of CD64 infection index, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and the percentage of neutrophils (NEU%) in leukemia patients complicated with bacterial infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cases of leukemia complicated with bacterial infection (combination with infection group), 60 cases of leukemia without bacterial infection (non-combination with infection group) and 60 cases of healthy persons (control group) were selected in our hospital. CD64 infection index, CRP, PCT and NEU% were detected in the 3 group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CD64 infection index, CRP, PCT and NEU% in combination with infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-combination with infection group and also significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The CD64 infection index, CRP, PCT and NEU% in the non-combination with infection group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The sensitivities of CD64, CRP, PCT and NEU% in the diagnosis of the leukemia with bacterial infection were 71.06%, 84.86%, 66.93% and 59.25% respectively, and the specificities of CD64, CRP, PCT and NEU% were 91.46%, 75.94%, 88.79% and 85.36% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with CRP, PCT and NEU%, CD64 infection index for diagnosis of leukemia complicated with bacterial infection has higher specificity, which is helpful for the early diagnosis of the disease.</p>

Percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture under the guidance of G-arm X-ray machine / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the clinical application value of percutaneous kyphoplasty ( PKP ) under the guidance of G arm X ray machine in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods The medical records of eighty-two patients (94 vertebral bodies) with OVCF treated with PKP were collected retrospectively. Thirty-nine cases ( 44 vertebral bodies ) were guided by G-arm X-ray machine to implement PKP,which were recorded as G-arm group. Forty-three cases (50 vertebral bodies) were guided by C-arm X-ray machine to carry out PKP,which were recorded as C-arm group. The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, bone cement leakage cases, preoperative and postoperative anterior height of injured vertebrae,Cobb angle of injured vertebrae,visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index of the two groups were recorded. Results There was significant difference in operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy times between the G-arm group and C-arm group (the operation time:(31. 6±5. 2) vs. (45. 8±6. 7) min,the intraoperative fluoroscopy times: (9. 5±2. 3) times vs. (18. 7±3. 5) times,t=-10. 64,-13. 91,P<0. 05) ,while there was no significant difference in the number of bone cement leakage ( P>0. 05) . Compared postoperative and preoperative anterior height of injured vertebrae, Cobb angle of injured vertebrae, visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index scores of G-arm group and C-arm group respectively, the differences were significant ( t=-3. 41 vs. -3. 28, 6. 67 vs. 7. 66, 26. 63 vs. 25. 75 and 10. 41 vs. 11. 90, P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion The treatment of OVCF with PKP guided by G-arm X-ray machine could significantly shorten operation time, reduce the intraoperative fluoroscopy times and the operative difficulty,and increase operation safety than PKP guided by traditional C-arm X-ray machine.

Lateral retinacular release via a prolonged incision versus arthroscopic lateral retinacular release in osteofascial medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patellofemoral dislocation / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To compare the short-term outcomes between lateral retinacular release (LRR) via a prolonged incision versus arthroscopic LRR in osteofascial medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFL-R) for recurrent patellofemoral dislocation.Methods From May 2012 to March 2015,51 patients with recurrent patellofemoral dislocation were treated at the Department of Joint Surgery,The Third Affiliated Hospital to Hebei Medical University.They were 16 males and 35 females,aged from 20 to 36 years (mean 27.2 years).Of them,28 underwent LRR via a prolonged incision in MPFL-R (incision group) and 23 did arthroscopic LRR in MPFL-R (microscopic group).Imaging changes were assessed by comparing preoperative and postoperative values of patella extensibility,patellar tilt angle,trochlear groove angle and tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove spacing (TT-TG);the knee joints were scored with Kujala and Lysholm functional rating systems at the last follow-ups.Results The 2 groups were compatible due to insignificant differences in the general data between them preoperatively (P ＞ 0.05).The 51 patients were followed up for 10 to 32 months (average,20 months).The rate of dislocation in the incision and microscopic groups were 0 and 8.7％ (2/23),respectively.There were no such complications in either group as patellar fracture,deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity or limited joint extension or flexion.The last follow-ups revealed that no patients in either group were inflicted with patellofemoral re-dislocation.In the incision group,the patella extensibility,patellar tilt angle,Kujala score and Lysholm score were,respectively,19.65％ ± 0.75％,12.39°±0.76°,56.37 ±2.94 points and 51.64 ±6.22 points preoperatively,and 10.34％ ± 0.60％,8.83°±0.89°,92.68 ±2.75,and 90.71 ± 1.91 points postoperatively;in the microscopic group,the patella extensibility,patellar tilt angle,Kujala score and Lysholm score were,respectively,19.56％ ±0.62％,12.35° ± 0.66°,57.46 ± 3.08 points and 52.20 ± 6.94 points preoperatively,and 10.24％ ±0.66％,8.78° ± 0.92°,92.53 ± 3.32 points and 90.41 ± 2.90 points postoperatively.There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative values in both 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).However,there were no significant differences between the preoperative and the postoperative values in trochlear groove angle or TT-TG in either group (P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in all the above preoperative and postoperative values (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In MPFL-R for recurrent patellofemoral dislocation,both LRR via a prolonged incision and arthroscopic LRR can improve the patellofemoral joint alignment and stability of the tibia,leading to good short-term outcomes.

Injectable hyaluronic acid carrying autologous chondrocytes repairs cartilage defects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: In the cartilage tissue engineering materials, hyaluronic acid as the representative of polysaccharide materials has good material-cell interface that is beneficial to the growth of chondrocytes, which has become a hot research topic in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of injectable hyaluronic acid material loaded with chondrocytes to repair cartilage defects in rats. METHODS: Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to prepare a cartilage defect model, and they were randomly divided into three groups at the 2nd day after modeling. The experimental group was injected hyaluronic acid hydrogel loaded with chondrocytes into the articular cavity, the control group was injected with hyaluronic acid hydrogel into the articular cavity, and the blank control group received no intervention. At 1, 3 and 6 weeks after injection, the repaired cartilage tissues were taken out for hematoxylin eosin staining, Masson staining, and scanning electron microscope observation, and the expression of heme oxygenase and level of collagen were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin eosin staining: at 6 weeks after injection, granulation tissues filled the repair area in the blank control group. The control group was full of yellowish white tissues in the repair area, with distinct boundary with the normal cartilage, the surface was not smooth and the lymphocytes were reduced compared with those at 3 weeks. Repair tissue of the experimental group was semi-transparent and showed a fuzzy boundary with the normal cartilage, and moreover, lymphocyte was significantly reduced compared with those at 3 weeks. (2) Masson staining: at 6 weeks after injection, collagen fiber synthesis in the repair area in the experimental group was the best, successively followed by the control group and the blank control group. (3) Scanning electron microscope observation: at 6 weeks after injection, collagen fiber arrangement in the repair area was irregular and partially broken in the blank control group, and the arrangement became more orderly in the control group but still partially broken. The collagen fibers in the experimental group were arranged orderly, and the boundary with normal cartilage was unclear. (4) Expression of heme oxygenase and level of collagen: at 6 weeks after injection, the expression of heme oxygenase in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group and blank control group (P < 0.05). The levels of collagen in the experimental group at 1, 3 and 6 weeks after injection were higher than those in the control group and the blank control group (P < 0.05). To conclude, hyaluronic acid injectable material loaded with chondrocytes can promote the repair of cartilage defects in rats.

Human enterovirus infection status and clinical characteristics of 274 patients with viral encephalitis in Henan Province, 2011-2012 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate human enterovirus (HEV) infection and clinical characteristics of viral encephalitis patients in Pingdingshan, Henan Province.@*Methods@#Cerebrospinal fluid specimens and epidemiological information were collected from 274 viral encephalitis patients in the departments of pediatrics and neurology in hospitals in Pingdingshan, Henan Province, from April 2011 to August 2012. Patients with bacterial infections were excluded from the study. Demographic information was collected by questionnaires and clinical information was mainly obtained from hospital examinations. Viral RNA was extracted using magnetic bead extraction. Real-time RT-PCR was then performed for HEV, CV-A16, and EV-A71 testing. SPSS statistical software was statistical analyses. Significant differences were determined using the chi-squared test (P<0.05).@*Results@#Among 274 cases of viral encephalitis, 180 cases (65.7%) were male and 94 cases were female (34.3%). The median age was 2.17 years. Approximately 61.3% (168) of patients were younger than 3 years of age. A total of 107 (39.1%), 2 (0.7%), and 42 (15.3%) cases were positive for HEV, CV-A16, and EV-A71, respectively. Eleven patients were younger than 6 months of age and one patient was co-infected with HEV and EV-A71. In the<3, 3-5, 6-15, and>15 years old age groups, HEV infections comprised 31.5% (53/168), 52.9% (18/34), 53.0% (35/66), and 16.7% (1/6) (χ2=13.10, P=0.003), respectively. The EV-A71 infection rates were 17.9% (30/168), 23.5% (8/34), 6.1% (4/66), and 0 (χ2=8.04, P=0.045), respectively. The other enterovirus (OEV) infection rates were 12.5% (21/168), 29.4% (10/34), 48.5% (32/66), and 16.7% (1/6) (χ2=35.19, P<0.001), respectively. The rate of vomiting in OEV and EV-A71 infected patients was 73% (44/60) and 26% (11/42), respectively, while the frequency of skin rash in OEV and EV-A71 infected patients was 32% (19/60) and 79% (33/42), respectively. Approximately 95% (99/104) of patients infected with HEV had a fever, and the breathing rhythm change rate was 19% (20/104), which was lower than that of patients without HEV infection (36.8% (60/163)) (χ2=9.35, P=0.002).@*Conclusion@#In Pingdingshan, HEV was a major causative agent of viral encephalitis and the rate of OEV infection was high, especially in children aged 3-15 years old. Fever was a common clinical symptom of patients infected with HEV. Patients infected with OEV primarily exhibited vomiting symptoms and EV-A71 infected patients showed skin rash.

Effects ofWenyujin Essential Oil on tau Protein Phosphorylation in Mice with Aβ-induced Alzheimer Disease through PI3k/Akt Pathway / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To investigate the effects ofWenyujinessential oil on tau protein phosphorylation in mice with Alzheimer Disease (AD); To discuss the relevant mechanism of action.MethodsSixty Kunming mice were divided into six groups randomly: sham-operation group, model group,Wenyujin essential oil low- and high-dose group, donepezil group andShenzhiling group.β-Amyloid protein (Aβ25-35) was infused into the hippocampal of mice. Mice in each group were given relevant medicine for gavage for 15 d. After the last administration, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of tau protein phosphorylation points (Ser 404 and Thr 231). Western blot was used to detect tau protein phosphorylation points and the expression of PI3K/Akt protein. Results Compared with sham-operation group, tau protein phosphorylation points in the model group increased (P<0.05), but the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, tau protein phosphorylation (Thr231 and Ser404) inWenyujin essential oil high-dose group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt increased(P<0.01). ConclusionWenyujinessential oil can inhibit tau protein phosphorylation in mice. The possible mechanism may be related to the PI3K/Akt signal pathway.

Effects of dexmedetomidine on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced neuronal apoptosis / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate protective effects of dexmedetomidine on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)-induced neuronal apoptosis.Methods SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated to neurons with ATRA and followed by TPA.According to the results of preliminary experiment, OGD/R modle was constructed by oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD) for 12 h and reperfusion(R) for another 12 h.During the start of the OGD, neurons were immediately divided into six groups: group D0(0 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), group D1(0.1 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), group D2 (1 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), group D3 (10 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), group D4(100 μmol/L dexmedetomidine), group D5 (1 000 μmol/L dexmedetomidine).After reperfusion 12 h, the cell viability was evaluated by the method of MTT.The cellular apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry method.The protective effects of different concentration dexmedetomidine on OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis were investigated.Then in chosen the exact group having protective effects, endoplasmic reticulum stress specific protein mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and pro-apoptotic protein Caspase-3 and CHOP were detected by Westernblot method.Results Compared with group D0, there was no difference on the cell viability and cellular apoptosis induced by OGD/R in groups D1 and D2, but a significant decrease and increase in groups D4 and D5 (P<0.01 or P<0.05).And only group D3 had a neuroprotective effect, significantly increased the cell viability and inhibited the apoptosis (P<0.01).Further studys found that group D3 significantly up-regulated ER stress specific protein MANF (P<0.01) and inhibited up-regulation of Caspase-3 and CHOP (P<0.01).Conclusion These data suggest that 10 μmol/L dexmedetomidine had neuroprotective effect on OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis and significantly increased cell viability.Our results also indicate that up-regulation of ER stress specific protein MANF and inhibition of CHOP and Caspase-3 by MANF are involved in the neuroprotective effects of Dexmedetomidine.

Second-look arthroscopic evaluation of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament using deep-frozen tendon allograft / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes and report the second-look arthroscopic findings of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using deep-frozen allograft.Methods Sixty-six patients undergoing ACL reconstruction using deep-frozen allograft in our institute with at least twelve months follow-up from January 2012 to March 2016 were included and received second-look arthroscopy.The patients consisted of 51 males and 15 females with an average age of 30.6 years (range,18 to 55 years) at the time of ACL reconstruction.Knee functions were evaluated by Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score.Knee stability was evaluated by drawer test,Lachman test and KT-1000 arthrometer.Second-look arthroscopic evaluation was performed in all patients,focused on continuity of the reconstructed ACL,the synovial coverage and subjective tension of the graft,and the prevalence of cyclops-like lesion and other changes after reconstruction procedures.Resuits All patients were followed up for average 18.3 months (range,12 to 36 months).Thirty-one patients underwent second-look arthroscopy from 12 to 18 months,and the other 35 patients underwent second-look arthroscopy from 18 to 36 months after ACL reconstruction.No infection,rejection reaction and other serious complication were reported after operation.The knee range of motion was normal in all cases,except that 10° extension limitation in one case.The Lysholm score significantly improved from preoperative 54.95±9.01 to 12 months postoperatively 86.14±5.86,and the IKDC improved from 54.79±9.12 to 85.11±5.77.Lachman test was positive in 8 cases,but negative in 58 cases postoperatively.KT-1000 arthrometer measurement showed that the side-toside difference significantly improved from preoperative 6.70± 1.24 mm to postoperative 1.52± 1.02 mm.Complete discontinuity occurred in 2 cases of the reconstructed grafts,graft tear in 4 cases.Cyclops-like mass was identified in 2 cases.The overall synovial coverage was slightly better in the patients who were followed up more than 18 months than those less than 18 months.However,there was no significant difference among the groups in the field of graft tension.The patients with taut grafts showed statistically better KT-1000 values (1.14±0.35 mm) than those with lax grafts (2.95±1.38 mm).Conclusion Frozen allograft could be a reasonable choice for ACL reconstruction.However,the graft integration and remodeling could tend to be slow.

Protective effect of HSF1 on mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury and screening of relevant differentially-expressed genes / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To study the protective effect of heat shock factor1(HSF1) on the mice with lipopolysaccha-ride (LPS)-induced acute lung injury(ALI),and to screen the relevant differentially-expressed genes. METHODS:ALI mouse model was established by LPS intracheal instillation. The macroscopic and pathological changes of the lung tissue were observed,and the concentrations of total protein,TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6 and VEGF in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. Differentially-expressed genes in the lung tissues of HSF1 +/ +mice and HSF1 -/- mice with ALI induced by LPS were screened by gene chips. The key gene was verified by real-time qPCR. RESULTS:The macroscopic and pathological changes of the lung injury in HSF1 -/- +LPS mice were more serious than those in HSF1 +/ ++LPS mice.The concentrations of total protein,VEGF,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in the BALF of HSF1 -/- +LPS mice were significantly higher than those of HSF1 +/ ++LPS mice(P<0.05). Compared with the HSF1 +/ +mice,a total of 918 differentially-ex-pressed genes were indentified in the HSF1 -/- mice, among which the expression levels of 65 genes had obvious diffe-rence,with 28 genes up-regulated,including Atg7,ccr1,cxcr2,Tbl1xr1,Mmp9,Pparg,Plcb2,Arrb2,Cntn1,Col4a6, etc, and 37 genes down-regulated,including Fgfr1,Fgfr2,Map4k4,Ddx58,Tfg,Stat3,Smad4,Lamc1,Sdc3,etc. The results of real-time qPCR showed that the mRNA level of CXCR2 in HSF1 -/- + LPS mice was significantly higher than that in HSF1 +/ ++ LPS mice,which was consistent with the results of gene chips. CONCLUSION:HSF1 has protective effect on the mice with LPS-induced ALI. CXCR2 may be involved in the protective effect of HSF1 on this process.

Injectable hyaluronic acid carrying autologous chondrocytes repairs cartilage defects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: In the cartilage tissue engineering materials, hyaluronic acid as the representative of polysaccharide materials has good material-cell interface that is beneficial to the growth of chondrocytes, which has become a hot research topic in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of injectable hyaluronic acid material loaded with chondrocytes to repair cartilage defects in rats. METHODS: Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to prepare a cartilage defect model, and they were randomly divided into three groups at the 2nd day after modeling. The experimental group was injected hyaluronic acid hydrogel loaded with chondrocytes into the articular cavity, the control group was injected with hyaluronic acid hydrogel into the articular cavity, and the blank control group received no intervention. At 1, 3 and 6 weeks after injection, the repaired cartilage tissues were taken out for hematoxylin eosin staining, Masson staining, and scanning electron microscope observation, and the expression of heme oxygenase and level of collagen were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin eosin staining: at 6 weeks after injection, granulation tissues filled the repair area in the blank control group. The control group was full of yellowish white tissues in the repair area, with distinct boundary with the normal cartilage, the surface was not smooth and the lymphocytes were reduced compared with those at 3 weeks. Repair tissue of the experimental group was semi-transparent and showed a fuzzy boundary with the normal cartilage, and moreover, lymphocyte was significantly reduced compared with those at 3 weeks. (2) Masson staining: at 6 weeks after injection, collagen fiber synthesis in the repair area in the experimental group was the best, successively followed by the control group and the blank control group. (3) Scanning electron microscope observation: at 6 weeks after injection, collagen fiber arrangement in the repair area was irregular and partially broken in the blank control group, and the arrangement became more orderly in the control group but still partially broken. The collagen fibers in the experimental group were arranged orderly, and the boundary with normal cartilage was unclear. (4) Expression of heme oxygenase and level of collagen: at 6 weeks after injection, the expression of heme oxygenase in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group and blank control group (P < 0.05). The levels of collagen in the experimental group at 1, 3 and 6 weeks after injection were higher than those in the control group and the blank control group (P < 0.05). To conclude, hyaluronic acid injectable material loaded with chondrocytes can promote the repair of cartilage defects in rats.

Effect of pregnancy factor on T line corresponding to vertebral level：a multicenter clinical compar-ative study / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of the pregnancy factor on the line drawn between the highest points of the two iliac crests ( T line) corresponding to the vertebral level in a multicenter clini?cal comparative study. Methods Hospitalized patients selected from the obstetric department or gynecolog?ical department, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠorⅡ, were divided into preg?nancy group ( group P ) and non?pregnancy group ( group NP ) . The patients were placed in the lateral posi?tion with their back vertical to the bed surface, the patient′s thighs were at an angle of approximately 90 de?grees to the trunk, and hip flexion was employed by flexing the patient′s knees to the chest. To determine the highest points of the two iliac crests, a line ( T line) was drawn between the highest points using a wire?reinforced epidural catheter. And another vertical line ( T′line) was made between the highest point of the iliac crest on the upper side ( not the side in the lateral position) and the ground. Ultrasonography was per?formed to identify and record the level of T line and T′line corresponding to the spinous process and lumbar interspace. Results A total of 1 763 cases completed the study, and there were 905 cases in group P, and 858 cases in group NP. Compared with group NP, the rate of T line at L3 spinous process and L3,4 in?terspace was significantly increased in group P ( P<0.05) . Compared with T′line, the rate of T line at L2,3 interspace and L3 spinous process was significantly decreased, and the rate of T line at L4 spinous process, L4,5 interspace and L5 spinous process was significantly increased in group P, and the rate of T line at L3 spinous process, L2,3 interspace and L3,4 interspace was significantly decreased, and the rate of T line at L4 spinous process and L4,5 interspace was significantly increased in group NP (P<0.01). Conclusion The level of T line corresponding to the vertebral level is significantly higher in the pregnant patients than in the nonpregnant patients.