Pathogens and Their Resistance to Antibiotics from 721 Serous Effusion Specimens / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathogenic results and drug resistance of bacteria isolated from serous effusion specimens from Jan 2006 to Feb 2008 so as to provide evidence for clinical pathogenic analysis and selection of antibiotic. METHODS The bacteria identification and the antimicrobial susceptibility were assayed by routine methods. RESULTS The positive rate of pathogens was 6.80% from 721 serous effusion specimens.There were 49 strains of pathogens which included 15 of Gram-positive bacteria and 28 of Gram-negative bacteria and 6 fungi strains.The most frequently isolated pathogens were Enterobacteriaceae(32.65%) followed by Enterococcus(18.37%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12.25%).The most active compounds against Enterococcus were vanconmycin and linezolid(100.00%),nitrofurantoin and tetracycline(66.67%);the most active compounds against Staphylococcus were vancomycin,linezolid and nitrofurantoin(100.00%),tetracycline and rifampin(75.00%);The most active compounds against Gram-negative bacilli were piperacillin/tazobactam(67.86%),imipenem(64.29%),tobramycin(60.71%),gentamicin(53.57%) and levofloxacin(46.43%). CONCLUSIONS The prevailing pathogens in serous effusion are Gram-negative bacilli,especially Enterobacteriaceae.Data collected in present study provide a valuable information for prophylactic and empirical antibiotic use for serous infection.

Vibrio vulnificus: cultivation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective To investigate the cultivation, biochemical features and drug susceptibilities of Vibrio vulnificus. Methods Three strains of Vibrio vulnificus were isolated from fatal patients in the Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Zhejiang province. Cultivation, identification and antibacterial susceptibility test were performed. Results Vibrio vulnificus grew on blood agar as dull-gray, opaque colonies with β-hemolysis. The organism presented positive in lactose, cellobiose fermentation and O/129 (10 μg) tests, but lack of inositol and rhamnus. The antibacterial susceptibility tests showed that Vibrio vulnificus strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem, cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, compound sulfamethoxazole and nitrofurantoin, however, resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin, aztreonam and cefazolin. Conclusions Vibrio vulnificus can be isolated from blood, bubbles fluid, and stool. Rapid identification, early diagnosis, and prompt empirical antibacterial therapy are important for reducing the mortality.

Pathogens and Their Resistance to Antibiotics from 878 Cerebrospinal Fluid Specimens / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathogenic results and drug resistance of bacteria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid specimens from Jan 2006 to Nov 2007 so as to provide evidence for clinical pathogenic analysis and selection of antibiotic.METHODS The bacteria identification and the antimicrobial susceptibility were assayed by VITEK-AMS system.RESULTS The positive rate of pathogens was 11.62% from 878 cerebrospinal fluid specimens.There were 102 strains of pathogens which included 19 Gram-positives,79 Gram-negatives and 4 fungi.The most frequently isolated pathogen was Pseudomonas(41.18%)followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus(9.80%),Escherichia coli(8.82%),Acinetobacter spp(5.88%),Staphylococcus epidermidis(4.90%)and Shewanella putrefaciens(4.90%).The most active compounds against Gram-positive cocci were vancomycin(100.00%),linezolid(94.74%),nitrofurantoin(84.21%),tetracycline(78.95%),and rifampin(73.68%);The most active compounds against Gram-negative bacilli were piperacillin/tazobactam(75.95%),cefepime(58.23%),imipenem(54.43%),ciprofloxacin(53.16%) and levofloxacin(48.10%).CONCLUSIONS The prevailing pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid are Gram-negative bacilli,especially Pseudomonas and E.coli.Data collected in present study provide valuable information for prophylactic and empirical antibiotic use in intracranial infection.