RESUMO
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Several compounds are known to possess antimicrobial activity in addition to their predesignated pharmacological actions. In the present study, dicyclomine hydrochloride, an antispasmodic drug, was tested for possible antimicrobial property in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of dicyclomine against the bacteria was determined by agar and broth dilution methods in vitro. The antibacterial activity of dicyclomine was confirmed by animal experiments. Toxicity and protective efficacy of the drug were tested in vivo. RESULTS: Dicyclomine inhibited most of the bacterial isolates tested at 25-100 microg/ml concentration, and a few were sensitive even at a lower concentration (10 microg/ml). Dicyclomine was found to be bacteriostatic in nature against Shigella dysenteriae 7, and bactericidal against S. aureus NCTC 6571, 8530, and 8531. When administered to Swiss white mice at doses of 30 and 60 microg/mouse, dicyclomine protected the animals challenged with 50 MLD of Salmonella typhimurium NCTC 74. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Dicyclomine showed inhibitory action against several pathogenic bacteria. It also offered significant protection to mice against the bacterial challange. As dicyclomine is in routine therapeutic use, it may be developed as a potent antimicrobial agent in many infections.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Diciclomina/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Parassimpatolíticos/farmacologiaAssuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Hepatectomia , Hepatoblastoma/diagnóstico , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnósticoRESUMO
Two young patients with two coexisting primary malignancy are described. Both of them had colonic carcinoma. In addition, one had pancreatic carcinoma and the other duodenal carcinoma.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Polipose Adenomatosa do Colo/diagnóstico , Adulto , Neoplasias Colorretais Hereditárias sem Polipose/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Duodenais/diagnóstico , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnósticoRESUMO
First documented case of biliary cystadenoma in a non-white elderly female is described, showing (so called) low-density daughter cysts within the mother cyst emphasising the fact that presence of daughter cysts within a mother cyst cannot be considered pathognomonic of hepatic hydatid cyst.
Assuntos
Adenoma de Ducto Biliar/diagnóstico , Idoso , Neoplasias dos Ductos Biliares/diagnóstico , Ductos Biliares Intra-Hepáticos , Cistadenoma/diagnóstico , Erros de Diagnóstico , Equinococose/diagnóstico , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
A retrospective analysis of image morphology in 40 patients with histologically proved hepatocellular carcinoma including two cases of fibrolamellar carcinoma is presented. Ultrasound and CT scan were done in all the patients. Angiogram was done in 15 of these patients to provide a surgical roadmap before hepatic resection. Detailed analysis of clinical features, biochemical parameters and image morphology is presented.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Angiografia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
A total of 101 normal pancreatograms were analysed in a major referral hospital in India in an attempt to establish normal standards of pancreatic ductal morphology in Indian population. Ductal position, course, caliber, length and variations of anatomy were analysed. Most often (39%) ampulla was seen at the level of second lumbar vertebra, commonly (54%) within 30-39 mm from the lateral margin of right side of corresponding vertebral body. Most common ductal course (21.78%) was ascending-horizontal-horizontal type. Mean ductal diameters in the head, body and tail of the pancreas were 2.63, 1.95, 0.99 mm in individuals aged less than or equal to 40 yr and 3.31, 2.34, 1.23 mm in those greater than 40 yr, respectively. A significant (r = 0.46; P less than 0.001) increase in ductal size was seen between less than or equal to 40 yr and after 40 yr of age. Mean ductal length was 16.10 and 16.58 cm in subjects less than or equal to 40 yr of age and greater than 40 yr respectively. Duct of Santorini was visualised in 6.6 per cent subjects.