RESUMO
Vaccine preventable diseases have been reduced in the country since the routine immunisation programme started in 1978 as the Expanded Programme on Immunisation, then in 1985 renamed as Universal Immunisation Programme. Re-emergence of some vaccine preventable disease is a concern to all and the Government of India has launched a new multiyear plan to strengthen the routine immunisation. A number of recommendations was made to address the weaknesses in the programme. Some newer initiatives were also made under the multiyear plan and National Rural Health Mission to strengthen the routine immunisation. The general practitioners can play a positive role while immunising children as per Universal Immunisation Programme. Routine immunisation is one of the key components of polio eradication.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/organização & administração , Humanos , Índia , Vacinação em Massa/organização & administração , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Poliomielite/prevenção & controle , Vacina Antipólio Oral/administração & dosagem , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Saúde da População RuralRESUMO
A case of congenital methemoglobinemia presenting at birth is reported. The clinical signs, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and management of this disorder are discussed.
Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Metemoglobinemia/congênitoRESUMO
Severe and complicated malaria is an important cause of mortality in Plasmodium falciparum infection. We describe in this study the details of 532 cases of such syndromes admitted to hospital during an outbreak of malaria between September-December 1994. Increase in the annual rain fall, collection of water around Indra Gandhi Canal, forestation of shrubs around it and migration of labor, adaptation of Anopheles stephensi to desert climate and favorable breeding of An. culicifacies in the areas under impact of irrigation were presumptive causes of the outbreak in this region. Cerebral malaria (25.75%), hepatic involvement (11.47%), spontaneous bleeding (9.58%), hemoglobinuria (7.89%), severe anemia (5.83%), algid malaria (5.26%), ARDS (3%) and renal failure (2.07%) were the important manifestations. The overall mortality was 11.09%, which was high because of infection in the non-immune population of this area. Ignorance about the severity of this disease and lack of transportation facility was another important factor. Morality was highest in ARDS (81.25%) followed by severe anemia (70.97%), algid malaria (46.43%), renal failure (45.45%), jaundice (36.06%) and cerebral malaria (33.57%). Pregnancy was an important determinant increasing the mortality in female patients. Mortality was very high (82.35%) in those persons who presented with more than 3 syndromes together.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Anemia/etiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Feminino , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/etiologia , Humanos , Hipoglicemia/etiologia , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Hepatopatias/etiologia , Malária Cerebral/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mortalidade , Gravidez , Complicações Parasitárias na Gravidez/etiologia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/etiologiaRESUMO
The importance of taurine in diet is poorly understood. The present evidence suggests that it is a conditionally essential aminoacid in man wherein deficiency states may result in adverse changes which will be improved with supplementation. It has a role in fat absorption in preterm infants and children with cystic fibrosis, retinal dysfunction in patients receiving TPN and those with blind loop gut syndromes. Taurine is also reported to improve maturation of ABER in pre-term infants and has a role in osmoregulation of CNS and may act as neuroinhibitor.