RESUMO
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical problems encountered by physicians in day-to-day practice which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The incidence of AKI is increasing so the right approach for interpretation of clinical clues and investigation may be lifesaving. Aim: The study aimed to document the variety of unusual cases of AKI and suggest a case-based approach for clinical evaluation and investigations to help physicians treat such cases. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective analysis of medical/electronic records of 10 patients who were admitted in medical wards between January 2020 and June 2021 and diagnosed to have AKI. Results: We present the history, clinical findings, and investigations of 10 patients diagnosed with unusual causes of AKI. Conclusion: It is important for physicians to recognize unusual causes of AKI. A high index of suspicion and timely diagnosis and treatment interventions may bring complete recovery of renal functions in patients of AKI.
RESUMO
Background: Concurrent thrombotic and hemorrhagic manifestations are uncommon in patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Case characteristics: A 10-year-old girl with fever, edema, rash and joint pains, who later developed deep venous thrombosis (DVT), stroke, thrombotic microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and pulmonary hemorrhage. Investigations confirmed Antiphospholipid syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Outcome: She went into complete remission with intravenous immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis, immunosuppression and anticoagulation. Message: Thrombotic microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and anti-phospholipid syndrome can be the presenting manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus..