Xinjia Congrong Tusizi Decoction Regulates Ferroptosis of Granulosa Cells in Rat Model of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency via p53/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Xinjia Congrong Tusizi decoction （XJCTD） on ovarian functions in the rat model of premature ovarian insufficiency （POI） and decipher the mechanism of regulating the tumor suppressor protein （p53）/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） pathway to attenuate granulosa cell ferroptosis. MethodForty-eight SPF-grade female SD rats were randomized into control， model， low-， medium-， and high-dose （1.1， 2.2， 4.4 g·kg-1） XJCTD， and Western medicine （coenzyme Q10， 0.002 7 g·kg-1） groups， with eight rats in each group. The rat model of POI was established by gavage of triptolide （TP）， and after successful modeling， each group was administrated with the corresponding drugs by gavage for 14 d. The body weight and ovarian weight of each rat were weighed and the ovarian index was calculated. The morphology of the ovarian tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining， and the proportions of growing follicles and atretic follicles were calculated. The serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone （AMM）， estradiol （E2）， and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to measure the reactive oxygen species （ROS） content in granulosa cells. The content of cellular Ferrous ion （Fe2+）， lipid peroxide （LPO）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）， and superoxide dismutase （SOD） was detected by colorimetry. The expression of the tumor suppressor protein p53，Nrf2， solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11）， and glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group showed decreased ovarian weight， body weight， and ovarian index （P<0.01）， reduced ovarian tissue volume and proportion of growing follicles （P<0.01）， increased proportion of atretic follicles （P<0.01）， lowered AMH and E2 levels and elevated FSH level in the serum （P<0.01）， and elevated levels of Fe2+， ROS， LPO， and MDA （P<0.01） and lowered levels of GSH and SOD in granulosa cells （P<0.01）. Moreover， the modeling up-regulated the expression of p53 （P<0.01） and down-regulated the expression of Nrf2， SLC7A11， and GPX4 （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the ovarian tissue. Compared with the model group， XJCTD increased the body weight， ovarian weight， and ovarian index （P<0.01）， alleviated the pathological changes in the ovarian tissue， increased the proportion of growing follicles （P<0.01）， decreased the proportion of atretic follicles （P<0.01）， and reduced the content of ROS in granulosa cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， medium- and high-dose XJCTD lowered the FSH level （P<0.01） and raised E2 and AMH levels （P<0.01） in the serum， reduced the Fe2+ content （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased the SOD content （P<0.01） in granulosa cells. High-dose XJCTD reduced the LPO and MDA content （P<0.01） and increased the SOD content （P<0.01） in the granulosa cells， down-regulated the expression of p53 （P<0.05）， and up-regulated the expression of Nrf2， SLC7A11， and GPX4 in the ovarian tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionXJCTD may protect the ovarian function in the rat model of POI by regulating the p53/Nrf2 signaling pathway to attenuate the ferroptosis of ovarian granulosa cells.

Efficacy analysis of family-involved diabetic self-management / 中华全科医师杂志

A total of 216 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their family members were randomly divided into intervention and control groups.On the basis of conventional drug therapy,for intervention group,the patients and their family members were instructed to participate in health education activities and self-monitoring guidance.For control group,only patients were required to participate.The intervention continued for 12 months.Compared with control group,the intervention group significantly improved their living habits and the level of knowledge structure.The levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL),2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin improved after intervening.And there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).The family members of patients had more knowledge of identifying and dealing with low blood sugar while their knowledge of medication and regular monitoring was significantly better than that of control group.And there were statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Family-involved diabetic management is conducive for forming diabetic self-management behaviors.

Effectiveness Evaluation for Auricular Syndrome Differentiation and Yongquan Magnetic Point Application on Patients with Mild to Moderate Hypertension / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy of lowering blood pressures and TCM syndrome on the mild to moderate hypertension via the treatment of auricular syndrome differentiation combined with magnetic point application;To provide reference for clinical treatment of hypertension by non-pharmaceutical therapy. Methods Totally 260 patients with mild to moderate hypertension were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, 130 cases for each. The control group was given Norvasc by conventional oral dosage, and the treatment group was given auricular syndrome differentiation and Yongquan (KI1) magnetic point application additionally. SBP, DBP and TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were observed before and after treatment to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and TCM syndrome efficacy. The side effects were also observed. Results After treatment, SBP of the two groups decreased significantly (P0.05). DBP of the treatment group decreased significantly (P0.05). TCM syndrome of treatment group improved significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of TCM syndromes in treatment group was better than the control group (P<0.05), without side effects. Conclusion Auricular syndrome differentiation combined with magnetic point application can not only significantly improve the TCM syndrome of patients with mild to moderate hypertension, but also has synergistic hypotensive efficacy and high safety.

Reduced dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin versus full dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection bladder tumor: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bladder cancer is widely known as the most common malignant tumor in the urinary tract, with 75%-85% of patients suffering from nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the optimal dose of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of full dose (FD) with the reduced dose (RD) of BCG.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected through the Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase and were supplemented by hand searching of bibliographies. The end points include overall survival rate, recurrence rate, progression rate and side effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five RCTs that included a total of 1 473 patients (727 in the reduced dose group vs 746 in the full dose group), with a median follow-up period from 33.5 month to 7.1 year. Disease in 80 of 687 (11.6%) patients assigned to the RD group progress to the muscular layer or distant metastasis, compared with 81 of 698 (11.6%) patients assigned to the FD group (RR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.77-1.36; P = 0.89). The incidence of recurrence at three year was reported in all five studies to be 41.1% (299 of 727) and 36.1% (269 of 746) in the RD and FD groups, respectively (RR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.00-1.29; P = 0.05). The 5-year survival rate was 75.9% (502 of 662) in the RD group, and 75.8% (510 of 673) in the FD group. In the RD group 41 of 655 (6.3%) patients and 56 of 663 (8.7%) patients in the FD group did not complete the treatment due to systemic or local side effects (RR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.51-1.10; P = 0.14) CONCLUSIONS: In general, the results of our study demonstrate a trend towards a reduction of the toxicity in reduced dose group without affecting the efficacy of treatment when compared with full dose. More trials with large sample size are still necessary to explore the prognosis of the patients with high risk of tumor in different dose group.</p>

Community-based family intervention improves symptom and social function of schizophrenic patients / 中华全科医师杂志

One hundred and twenty patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into intervention group and the control group with 60 in each.Family members in intervention group were given community based-rehabilitation training and education once a month for 12 months.Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) were used to assess the symptoms and social function of patients before and after intervention.The results were compared between two groups.Results showed that the BPRS total score and the SDSS total score in intervention group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The training and education of family members can improve symptoms and functional recovery for patients with schizophrenia.

Current status and demand of continous general practice education in Shanghai / 中华健康管理学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate current status and demand of continous general practice (GP) education in Shanghai.Methods Two hundred and twenty general practitioners from 10 community health service centers of Shanghai underwent a questionnaire survey.Chi-square test was used for data analysis.ResultsThe effective response rate was 96.57％(212/220).About 87 percent of the participants considered continous GP education was helpful.Nearly 55 percent of the participants were satisfied withcurrentcontinousGP education.Unsatisfaction withcontinuing GP education,wishto reparticipate continous GP education,expected method and content of training were partly related to professional title and age.Ninety-seven percent of the participants thought the assessment of continuous GP education should include clinical practical capability evaluation.Conclusion The present continous GP education in Shanghai is not matched with GP's demand.Continous GP education should meet different needs of general practioners in different ways.

Preliminary study on a new model of Community-based Hypertension group-interference management model / 中华全科医师杂志

369 patients with hypertension living in Xietu community were randomized into 2 groups:intervention group receiving the group-interference-management and control group receiving routine hypertension management services.We found that patients in the intervention group had better self-management behaviors,self-efficacy and health status in comparison with the control group (P＜0.05).The systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group decreased more remarkably than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Our result suggested that the community-based hypertension group-interference-management model is more effective to control hypertension than the routine hypertension management services.

The clinical significance study of noninvasive heart functionmonitor of diagnosis and therapy of chronic pulmonary heart disease / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of noninvasive heart function monitor of diagnosis and therapy of chronic pulmonary heart disease.Methods The PAP and right heart function of exacerbation period and stable period of chronic pulmonary heart disease,and that of normal healthy controls were monitored.T test were used for statistics.Results Compared exacerbation and stable period of chronic pulmonary heart disease with stable period,the RVPS,PAPS,SVR,PVR,RCI,RCRI,the difference was significant(P0.05).Conclusion Noninvasive heart function monitor is a sensitive way to diagnose and to judge therapy effect of chronic pulmonary heart disease.

Effect of Qinggong Zhixue Granule on low immunity mice / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the pharmacological mechanism of the Chinese medicinal compound Qinggong Zhixue Granule (QGZXG), which has an effect of replenishing qi to activate blood and expelling stasis to stop bleeding, in treating irregular vaginal bleeding after medical abortion. METHODS: Healthy female KM mice and mice with immunodeficiency caused by cytoxan (CTX) were chosen as experimental subjects. The effects of QGZXG on the phagocytization of the mice's monocytes (by using the method of carbon particles expurgation), the delayed type hypersensitivity caused by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and the content of antibody of hemolysin in the mice's serum were observed. RESULTS: (1) QGZXG improved the ability of the liver and spleen of immunodeficient mice to expurgate carbon particles. There was an significant statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the low dose group as well as the high dose group (P < 0.01) and a statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the medium dose group (P < 0.05). (2) QGZXG boosted the cellular immunity of immunodeficient mice. The ear swelling of mice in low, medium and high dose group was more obvious than that in the CTX treated group, and this difference was significant in statistics (P < 0.01). (3) QGZXG raised the content of the antibody of hemolysin in the serum of immunodeficient mice. A statistical difference occurred between the high dose group and the CTX treated group. The low and medium dose also had a tendency of such effect. CONCLUSION: QGZXG can improve both the specific and non-specific immunity of the immunodeficient mice, and therefore accelerate the recovery of the whole body and endometrium after parturition and abortion. In consequence, it leads to shorter duration and less quantity of vaginal bleeding after medical abortion.

Establishment of Mice Model of Reproductive Hypofunction with Kidney Deficiency Caused by Tripterygium Glucosides / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To study the pharmacological mechanism of glucosides of tripterygium(GTW)inducing reproductive hypofunction in female mature mice and to establish female mice model of reproductive hypofunction.Methods Female Kunming mice aged 7～ 8 weeks were randomly divided into 6 groups,including GTW groups of A,B,C,D and E(60,40,30,20,15 mg? kg-1? d-1)and normal group.Estrous cycle of five GTW groups was observed successively.To study the effect of GTW on reproductive function in different period,three batches of mice were killed when estrous cycle of some mices was prolonged,estrous cycle of all the mice was prolonged or became irregular,or estrous cycle of all the mice was totally disturbed or even disappeared.Serum E2 and P levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Ovary and uterus index were measured by tissue-weight-assay,and tectology observation on ovary and uterus was conducted.The numbers of follicle and corpus luteum as well as thickness of endometrium and myometrium were also measured.Results The mice were killed in batches after administration for 5,7,10 weeks.After 10-week treatment,uterus index and the numbers of follicle and luteum were decreased significantly,and endometrium and myometrium also became obviously thinner in groups A,B,and C.E2 level in groups A and B was decreased.P level and ovary index of all treatment groups were not decreased after 10-week treatment.Conclusion GTW at the dosages of 60,40 and 30 mg? kg-1? d-1 can damage female mice' s reproductive function and can induce mice reproductive hypofunction with kidney deficiency after 10-week successive treatment.GTW at the dosage of 40 mg? kg-1? d-1 for 10 weeks is recommended to establish female mice model of reproductive hypofunction with kidney deficiency.