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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the susceptibility of the hOGG1 genetic polymorphism for bladder cancer and evaluate the impact of smoking exposure. Materials and Methods: Articles included in PubMed, Medline and Springer databases were retrieved using the following key words: “human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase”, “OGG”, “OGG1”, “hOGG1”, “genetic variation”, “polymorphism” , “bladder cancer”, and “bladder carcinoma” to Meta-analysis was performed to detect whether there were differences between the bladder cancer group and the control group about the distribution of genotypes of the hOGG1 gene. Results: The results showed that there are no significant associations between the hOGG1 326Cys polymorphism and bladder cancer: GG vs. CC (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.85–1.40, p=0.480); GC vs. CC (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.28, p=0.662); GG+GC vs. CC (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.89–1.21, p=0.619); GG vs. GC+CC(OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.78–1.33, p=0.888); G vs. C (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.91–1.13, p=0.818). In the smoker population, no significant associations between the hOGG1 326Cys polymorphism and bladder cancer were observed for all the models. However, individuals carrying the hOGG1 Cys326Cys genotype have increased risk for bladder cancer compared to those carrying the hOGG1 Ser326Ser genotype in the non-smoker Asian population. Conclusion: The hOGG1 326Cys polymorphisms aren't a risk factor for bladder cancer, especially in the smoker population. But GG genotype is a risk factor for bladder cancer to the non-smoker Asian population compared with CC genotype.
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Micronucleus ( MN) assay as a routine examination for genotoxicity has been widely used.The testing specimens were taken from bone marrow and extended from blood and tissues.In addition to testing genotoxicity of drugs, it is also applied in disease diagnosis for genetic mutation, evaluation of curative effectiveness and disease prevention. Moreover, MN assay is also an important safety indicator for drugs and health foods registration.This review will discuss the staining method of MN test and its application in the field of diseases and virology.
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Objective To compare the conventional marrow collection with new marrow collection, in the number of cell, other tissues pollution and the background of the smear, providing the reference for future micronucleus test. Methods The mice was enthanasia and the sternums were taken.One group, using the conventional method of marrow collection, squeezing the marrow to the slide with fetal bovine serum;the other group, using 1-mL injector extracting fetal bovine serum 100μL, injecting into mice sternums and rushing out the bone marrow for circle smear.Results Two methods can meet the requirement of test, but the new marrow collection can acquire more number of cells, less the tissues pollution and more clear in the background of smear.Conclusions Comparing with the conventional marrow collection, the new method has more superiority to simplify the next cell counting.
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Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin with nifedipine for medical expulsive therapy (MET) in patients with lower ureteral stones (LUS).Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) in comparison of tamsulosin and nifedipine in treatment of LUS published in Pubmed, Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,CBM, Wanfang and VIP from databases establishment to July 2015 were retrieved.According to Cochrane handbook, the quality of included RCTs were assessed, and the relevant data including the number of participants, stone size, stone expulsion rate, time to stone expulsion, drug-related side effect,the incidence of ESWL or ureteroscopy lithotripsy (URSL) after MET and analgesic dose were extracted by two reviewers independently.The statistical software RevMan 5.2 was used for meta-analysis with regard to the stone expulsion rate, the incidence of ESWL or URSL and adverse effects.This study lasted more than one month from June to July 2015.Results A total of 13 RCTs with 4 831 patients were eligible.The results showed that the stone expulsion rate and the incidence rate of ESWL or URSL after MET were 92％ (2 221/2 423) and 8％ (27/333) in the tamsulosin group,and 73％ (1 748/2 408) and 20％ (67/328) in the nifedipine group.There are statistically significant differences (RR =1.24,95 ％ CI 1.13-1.37, P ＜ 0.05;RR =0.40,95 ％ CI 0.27-0.60, P ＜ 0.05, respectively).The subgroup analysis indicated no statistically significant differences in drug-related adverse effects between tamsulosin and nifedipine with 5％ (99/1 804)and 7％ (117/1 796) minor adverse effects respectively and less than 1％ severe adverse effects in both groups (RR =0.85,95％ CI 0.65-1.10, P =0.21;RR =0.49,95 ％ CI 0.09-2.59, P =0.40).Conclusion Compared to nifedipine, tamsulosin has higher stone expulsion rate and lower incidence rates for ESWL or URSL.Since there was no obvious adverse effects, tamsulosin could be considered as a preferable option for patients with LUS.