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Objective: Exercise activity could be an amendment to polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]. However the acute and chronic effects of various exercise intensities on serum leptin levels are ambiguous. This study investigates the acute and chronic responses of various intensities of exercise on serum leptin levels and weights of female rats with PCOS
Methods: In this semi-empirical study, 80 adult Wistar rats [185 +/- 22 gr] after PCOS induction were divided into two groups. Group 1 participated in an exercise program at an intensity of 50%-55% maximal oxygen consumption [20 m/min], 70%-75% maximal oxygen consumption [28 m/min] and 80%-85% maximal oxygen consumption [34 m/min]. Group 2 participated in an eight-week training program, three days a week for 60 minutes. One-way analysis of variance test [ANOVA] was used to compare differences between groups. Significance was p<0.05
Results: In the acute training group, there was no change in weight in the sub-groups of group 1. In group 2, training reduced in the medium intensity 2 compared to the PCOS control 2 groups. Serum leptin levels did not respond to one session of exercise at various intensities in group 1 subgroups. Leptin levels significantly reduced in the medium intensity 2 group compared to the PCOS control 2 [p=0.044] group
Conclusion: One exercise session does not seem to significantly affect serum leptin levels. Exercise training at medium intensity probably can reduce leptin levels and weight in subjects as a non-pharmaceutical alternative in PCOS patients
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Background and Objectives: Several studies have showed that high levels of CRP and homocysteine increase the risk of coronary artery diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of combined exercises on homocysteine, CRP and lipid profile in middle-aged inactive men
Materials and Methods: In this semi-empirical study, 24 subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. The cases were randomly assigned into two groups [experimental [n=12] and control [n=12]]. The aerobic training method included: 3 times a week, 20 minutes per session, with intensity of 60-70 percent of heart rate reserve. Also the resistance training program conducted by intensity of 70% one repetition maximum
Results: The levels of serum homocysteine and CRP after combined exercises were decreased significantly [P=0.001 and P=0.003, respectively]. Although, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C levels between both groups did not differed significantly. As well as, maximum oxygen consumption has increased significantly [P=0.008]
Conclusion: It seems that combined exercise [aerobic and resistance] with reduction of homocysteine and CRP levels can used as a non-pharmacological methods to prevent the development of atherosclerosis
RESUMO
Hunger and reduction in regular energy intake can lead to a number of problems based on their intensity. For instance, low energy level can cause blood cell production to decline or it may pose a higher risk of anemia. It can also weaken the immune system and platelet aggregation or negatively affect clot formation. This study aimed to have a closer look at fasting and regular physical activity and their impacts on body composition and blood hematological-biochemical parameters among professional wrestlers. In this semi-experimental study, 9 subjects were selected by convenience sampling. The selected training program included participation in this exerciseprogram, 90 min per session, 6 times per week for a period of one month. Blood samples were obtained four times: before the start of Ramadan, 2 weeks after the start, during the last week and 2 weeks after the end of Ramadan. To make intra-group comparison, repeated measure analysis of variance was used. For all statistical comparisons, the level of significance was considered at P<0.05. Body weight and red blood cell count [RBC] dropped significantly at the end of Ramadan [Respectively P= 0.001 and P=0.034]. However, the number of white blood cells [WBC] and circulating platelets [PLT] significantly increased during fasting [Respectively P= 0.048 and P=0.042]. As a matter of fact, PLT and WBC were the only factors which dramatically increased during fasting. Intra-group variations of tetracycline [TC], lowdensity lipoprotein [LDL], LDL: high-density lipoprotein [HDL], triglyceride [TG]: HDL and TC: HDL reduced at the end of Ramadan. However, HDL levels drastically increased during fasting [P
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Background: The risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease in the elderly, obese and sedentary population is high. Exercise can improve metabolic disorders associated with these diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks resistance exercises on C-reactive protein [CRP], Interleukin-6 [IL-6] and lipid biomarkers in sedentary middle-aged men.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2012 in the city of Sari. In this study, 24 subjects were randomly divided into two groups; experimental and control group [each group 12]. The resistance exercise program was performed for eight weeks, 3 times a week, 90 minutes per session, with intensity of 60-70 one repetition maximum. Blood samples were collected before and after the exercise intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15 and P<0.05 was statistically considered significant.
Results: The results showed that in the resistance exercise group, CRP, IL-6 and percent body fat decreased by 19.14%, 11.00% and 9.55%, respectively [P<0.05]. Although, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were unchanged in two groups [P>0.05].
Conclusion: Eight weeks resistance exercises, through decreasing CRP and IL-6 levels, two known new risk factors, can reduce atherosclerosis and be effective in cardiovascular health.
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The aim of this study was to compare the levels of serum immunoglobulin [IgA, IgM, IgG], testosterone and cortisol in semi-endurance elite runners during general preparation and competition phase of training. Thirteen semi-endurance elite male runners with an average age of 18.92 +/- 1.7 years volunteered to take part in this study. The runners participated in the selected training for a period of 14 weeks and 12 sessions per week [in the morning and afternoon]. Blood samples were collected during the three phases of training [before-preparation phase, after-preparation phase and beforecompetition phase]. Data were analyzed by repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test, at a significance level of P<0.05. The levels of serum IgM in semi-endurance elite runners after preparation phase reduced significantly [P=0.004], while these levels during the competition phase increased even though significantly. The levels of serum IgG and IgA also reduced, however not significantly, during both phases. Moreover, after preparation phase, there was no significant change in serum IgA levels; though, these levels reduced, however not significantly, before competition phase. Cortisol levels significantly decrease after preparation phase [P=0.04]; although, it increased before competition phase. Testosterone/cortisol ratio increases significantly after preparation phase [P=0.04], and it decreased before competition phase. Testosterone levels intangibility increased and decreased respectively after preparation and before competition phases. Findings indicated that long and intensive exercises weaken the immune system, while moderate and short drills strengthened this system