High-fat diet augments ovariectomy-induced bone resorption in rats / Dieta rica en grasas aumenta la resorción ósea inducida por ovariectomía en ratas

Menopause complications such as cardiovascular and bone diseases represent a major public health concern. We sought to determine whether a high-fat diet (HFD) can augment ovariectomy-induced bone resorption in a rat model of menopause possibly via the upregulation of the inflammatory biomarkers and dyslipidemia. Rats were either ovariectomized and fed a standard laboratory chow (model group) or were ovariectomized and fed with a HFD for 15 weeks before being sacrificed. Ovariectomy significantly (p<0.05) increased body weight, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and biomarker of bone resorption, nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), which were augmented by feeding animals with a HFD. This was confirmed through immunohistochemical study, where ovariectomy induced expression of p65/NF-kB protein in tibia bone sections of the model group, which were augmented by HFD. HFD augments ovariectomy-induced bone resorption through increased inflammatory biomarkers and NF-kB in rats.

Las complicaciones de la menopausia, como las enfermedades cardiovasculares y óseas, representan un importante problema de salud pública. Intentamos determinar si una dieta alta en grasas (HFD) puede aumentar la resorción ósea inducida por ovariectomía en un modelo de menopausia en ratas, a través de la regulación positiva de los biomarcadores inflamatorios y la dislipidemia. Las ratas fueron ovariectomizadas y alimentadas con una comida estándar de laboratorio (grupo modelo) o fueron ovariectomizadas y alimentadas con un HFD durante 15 semanas antes de ser sacrificadas. La ovariectomía aumentó significativamente (p <0,05) el peso corporal, dislipidemia, resistencia a la insulina, citocinas proinflamatorias, factor de necrosis tumoral a (TNF-α) e interleucina-6 (IL-6), y el biomarcador de resorción ósea, factor nuclear-kB (NF-kB), que se aumentaron alimentando animales con un HFD. Esto se confirmó a través del estudio inmunohistoquímico, donde la ovariectomía indujo la expresión de la proteína p65 / NF-kB en secciones de hueso de tibia del grupo modelo, que fueron aumentadas por HFD. HFD aumenta la resorción ósea inducida por ovariectomía a través del aumento de biomarcadores inflamatorios y NF-kB en ratas.

Upper digestive stenosis due to a hydatid cyst of the liver

The complications of the hydatid cyst of the liver are dominated by infection and rupture. The compression of adjacent organs [mainly the inferior vena cava, the portal vein and the bile ducts] can be seen, when the cyst is located in the dome, in the hilum or within the hepatic parenchyma. Upper digestive stenosis by compression of the duodenum by the hydatid cyst is an exceptional complication. A 63 year-old patient had, for two months, upper digestive stenosis associated with a sensation of weight in the right hypochondrium. Digestive endoscopy showed an extrinsic compression of the second portion of the duodenum. Biopsies were negative. Abdominal CT showed up a hydatid cyst in the segment VI of the liver, adhering to the duodenum, with an exo-vesiculation compressing it. The patient was operated on: There was a hydatid cyst of the right lateral sector compressing the duodenum. A partial intralamellar pericystectomy was performed. Hydatid cyst of the liver, a parasitic disease described as benign, may give mechanical complications related to compression of adjacent organs [especially the bile ducts and veins]. Compression of the digestive tract is exceptional. This is due to the proximity of the cyst to the duodenum and the thickness of the cyst wall

Pancreatic pseudocysts in Nigerian children

Pancreatic pseudocyst is uncommon in childhood and there is a paucity of literature on its occurrence in Nigeria. This was a retrospective study to highlight the clinical presentation and outcome of management of pancreatic pseudocyst in childhood. Twelve patients were managed in 6 years in 3 hospitals in north-central; Nigeria. There were seven girls and five boys. The median age at presentation was 5.8 years. The patients presented usually with abdominal pain; abdominal mass and fever. There was definite history of trauma in only two patients. Abdominal utrasonography suggested the diagnosis in 10 of the 11 patients examined. Non operative management with ultrasound monitoring was successful in one patient. The others had surgical internal drainage. The procedures performed were cystgastrostomy (7 patients); cystjejunostomy (3 patients) and cyst duodenostomy in one patient. The post-operative period was uneventful in all patients. There was no mortality recorded. The median duration of hospital stay was 8 days. There was no recurrence in three patients available for long term follow up. Pancreatic pseudocyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses in childhood. As is evidenced in this series the prognosis in childhood following prompt surgical intervention is good