RESUMO
The Mongolian plants considered to possess medicinal properties may contain novel compounds since they are exposed to severe conditions; such plants could become good candidates for modern drug discovery programs. Daurian Thermopsis (Thermopsis lanceolata R.Br.= Th.dahurica Czefr.), Gobian Thyme (Thymus gobicus Tschern.) and Mogilev Mallow (Malva mohileviensis Downer) are separately used as mucolytic and anti-inflammatory treatment in non-conventional medicine. Therefore, weprepared extract of these herbals compound called as a Tetima and to evaluate it’s acute toxicity. It isimportant to produce mucolytic effective new pharmaceutical preparation used for upper and lowerrespiratory tract inflammatory disease.Tetima herbal compound extract was prepared in ethanol, the ratio of herbals to ethanol was 1:10. Healthy 25 white albino mice (male weighing between 17-30 gram) used in this study. They were kept in large airy cages in groups of 5 animals per cage with free access to food and water. Five doses (8-20 g/kg) were then chosen for the determination of intraperitoneal LD50 in mice and given to five groups of albino mice. The animals were observed for first 2 hours and then at 6th and 24th hour for any toxicsymptoms. After 24 hours, the number of deceased mice was counted in each group. The percentage of animals that died at each dose level was transformed and then LD50 determined by the methods of Karber and Pershin.G.N.The LD50 of Tetima herbal compound in mice was determined to be 14.3 g/kg after intraperitonealinjection. There was no difference occurred between Karber and Pershin methods to evaluate acute toxicity. In the animals receiving intraperitoneal injection, the abdominal muscle contractions and ataxia was observed, which persisted for few hours. At the 6th hour they were drowsy and less responsive. The severity of these effects was related to the level of dose. However, at 24th hour most of the survivors had recovered from these symptoms.Tetima herbal compound extract is a relatively safe, particularly when given intraperitoneal inject toexperimental animals.
RESUMO
IntroductionAvailability of antimicrobials for customers without prescription is anticipated as one of the factors to accelerate the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens. In countries under economic development, an improvement of socioeconomic status of the population improves consumption of medicines.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine if there are socio-demographic gradients associated with purchasing antimicrobials without prescriptions at retail stores in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.Methods and MaterialsA survey was conducted in among medical doctors and the randomly selected 250 pharmacy stores in Ulaanbaatar city and provinces (aimags). Customers who left from the stores were interviewed outside of the pharmacy and the medicines they bought at the stores were examined. The use of prescriptions and advice in purchasing medicines, instructions given at pharmacy stores, were interviewed and the type of medicines and details of antimicrobials purchased were examined by pharmacists.ResultsWe found that, quite common consumption of antimicrobials drugs specially betta-lactamas antibiotics and were sold without prescription. There are several reason to purchase antibiotics without prescription were several brand name of drugs, takes a lot of time.ConclusionThe purchase of antimicrobials without prescriptions was common across socio-demographic strata in Ulaanbaatar. By considering the increase of retail pharmacies and followed sales of antimicrobials according to the economic development, measures to enforce regulations and promote education to general public and professionals are urgently required.