Young infant nurturing practices among mothers of rural areas in Agra district, Uttar Pradesh: A community-based cross-sectional study

Introduction: Healthy initiation of life is essential in establishing the foundations of a healthy nation. Traditional care practices at home and in the community inevitably affect maternal and young infant health. The objective is to study young infant nurturing practices and factors influencing these practices in rural Agra. Material and Methods: This is a community-based cross-sectional study that was conducted in rural Agra, using a multi-stage random sampling method. A total of 240 mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The study results showed that 65.0% of the mothers were following either satisfactory (58.3%) or good (6.7%) nurturing practices. Of the three components of nurturing, the majority (61.6%) of mothers had satisfactory (46.6%) or good (15%) breastfeeding practices, most (86.6%) were giving satisfactory (56.6%) or good (30%) thermal care and only 53.33% were following satisfactory (42.2%) or good (10.8%) hygiene practice. The practice regarding newborn care was found to have a significant association with the place of birth, type of delivery and educational status of the mothers and fathers. Conclusion: This study outcome shows the need for a better awareness and educational outreach program coupled with an effective health-care delivery system to improve young infant nurturing practices in achieving better health.

Obstetric Complication Profile in Relation to the Utilization of Maternal Health Services of the Females of Rural and Urban Areas of Aligarh

Introduction: Millions of women are still suffering from pregnancy related complications even after the implementation of a number of health programs relating to mother and child. The utilization of these services is not up to the mark, so a study was done to evaluate the utilization of Maternal and Child health services in relation to the mother who had complications related to them or their children during the last pregnancy. Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was performed in the field practice areas of the department of community medicine, the study period was one year and the data was analyzed by SPSS13. Results: It was found that 32% Recently Delivered Women suffered from complications in their last delivery. The most common being Still Birth. Utilization rates for all maternal health services except full ANC package were found to be significantly better in women having had experienced a complication in an earlier pregnancy. Conclusions and Recommendations: Even though we are having so many health programs in place still a majority of women are suffering from pregnancy related complications. The utilization of Maternal health services was high for these women as compared to the ones who had no complications in their last pregnancy. But need of the hour is to further increase the rate of utilization to achieve our MDG goals.

Outcome of Breast Conserving Surgery and Modified Radical Mastectomy in Early Breast Carcinoma –A Retrospective Study

Background: To compare the outcome of Modified Radical Mastectomy and breast conserving surgery in early breast carcinoma Retrospective analysis of 100 patients with early breast cancer done in Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, MP( India), from June 2015 to July 2016. Methods: With early breast cancer were divided into conserving group (n=30) and radical (n=30) according to the different surgical operations. Patients were female, aged 30 to 60 y, with normal breast development. Results: The operative time, blood loss, hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. The local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, and the 3 years and 5 years survival rate of patients after operation were compared according to the follow-up data. Patients follow up done monthly in first year and every 3 months after the first year of operation. Conclusion: Breast conserving surgery and modified radical mastectomy surgery results were similar for early breast cancer patients.

Efficacy of Nanosilver with Collagen Matrix Vs Povidone Iodine in Healing of Lower Limb Ulcers

Background: Wounds expose a patient to serious hazards like wound infection, tissue destruction, disfiguring and disabling scars. Use of nanosilver with collagen matrix in infected wounds, ulcers, diabetic wounds, burns reduced morbidity and hospital stay with its early wound healing effect. To evaluate the effect of nanosilver with collagen matrix V/s povidone iodine on similar types of wounds. Methods: This prospective study included one hundred patients with different types of wounds who attended Department of Surgery, index medical college & hospital, indore from January 2015 to January 2017. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A where topical management and dressing was done using nanotrix and group B where topical management and dressing was done using povidone iodine. Results: A standard grading in terms of percentage decrease in wound size, peri wound oedema/ erythema, pus discharge and percentage increase in granulation, fibrin and epithelisation was noted in various types of wounds in both groups. Nanotrix treated wounds showed significant reduction in inflammation and earlier healing than those treated with povidon iodine. Conclusion: Nanotrix application was found to be safe having no pain and allergic manifestation.

Influence of Behavioral Determinants on the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among School Going Adolescents of Aligarh.

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and the prevention of adult obesity will require prevention and management of childhood obesity. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and behavioral determinants of overweight and obesity in school going adolescents. A total of 660 adolescents from affluent and nonaffluent schools were taken. Overweight and obesity was defined as per World Health Organization 2007 growth reference. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.8% and 4.8%, respectively. Prevalence of both overweight and obesity was higher among males. Statistically significant difference was found in prevalence of overweight and obesity among affluent schools (14.8% and 8.2%) and nonaffluent schools (4.8% and 1.5%). Important determinants of overweight and obesity were increased consumption of fast food, low physical activity level and watching television for more than 2 h/day. The prevalence of obesity is high even in small cities. Dietary behavior and physical activity significantly affect weight of adolescent children.