An unusually located human accessory parotid gland: a case report

The parotid gland is one of the most important major salivary gland in human beings. Often a small detached accessory gland lying away from the main parotid duct, known as the accessory parotid gland (APG) may be found in individuals. In the present work, an interesting case of APG in a 54 year old male cadaver, is being reported. This APG was located below the main parotid duct and related to the buccal branch of the facial nerve on its surface. The five to six ductules connected the gland to the main parotid duct. The triangular shaped APG was located at a distance of 2.9 cm from the angle of the mouth. It should be pointed out that the APG may be related to congenital developmental anomalies and may also be a site of tumors, and that anatomical knowledge of the APG may be important for performing sialographic studies and surgeries on the face.

Communication of the External and Internal Jugular Veins: A Case Report / Comunicación entre las Venas Yugulares Externa e Interna: Reporte de Caso

The external jugular vein, which traverses the sternocleidomastoid muscle superficially, is known to exhibit variations in its formation and course. There are less reports on the communication of the external and internal jugular vein. During routine cadaveric dissection, we detected an abnormal communication of the external jugular vein and the internal jugular vein, in a 45 year male cadaver. The knowledge of both normal and abnormal anatomy of the superficial veins of the neck may be important for clinicians performing catheterization and surgeons operating in the region of the neck. The presence of such anomalous communications may also be important for radiologists performing angiographic and sonographic studies.

La vena yugular externa, cruza transversal y superficialmente al músculo esternocleidomastoideo presentando variaciones en su curso y formación, existiendo algunos repórters en las comunicaciones entre ambas venas yugulares externa e interna. Durante ua disección de rutina, detectamos una anormal comunicación entre ambas venas, en una cadáver de sexo masculino de 45 años. El conocimiento de la anatomía normal y de las variaciones de las venas superficiales del cuello es importante en los procedimientos de cateterización tanto para clínicos como para cirujanos que operan en esta región. La presencia de estas variaciones de comunicación venosa es importante además, para imagenólogos y estudios sonográficos.