Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L14 Promotes Cell Growth and Invasion by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species in Thyroid Cancer

Objectives@#. The mitochondrial ribosomal protein L14 (MRPL14) is encoded by a nuclear gene and participates in mitochondrial protein translation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of MRPL14 in thyroid cancer. @*Methods@#. We investigated the association between MRPL14 expression and clinicopathological features using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chungnam National University Hospital (CNUH) databases. Functional studies of MRPL14, including proliferation, migration, invasion, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, were performed in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines (B-CPAP and KTC-1). @*Results@#. Based on the TCGA dataset, PTC tissues lost mitochondrial integrity and showed dysregulated expression of overall mitoribosomal proteins (MRPs) compared with normal thyroid tissues. Of 78 MRPs, MRPL14 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues. MRPL14 overexpression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis. MRPL14 increased cell proliferation of thyroid cancer and promoted cell migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. Moreover, MRPL14 knockdown reduced the expression of oxidative phosphorylation complex IV (MTCO1) and increased the accumulation of ROS. Cotreatment with a ROS scavenger restored cell proliferation and migration, which had been reduced by MRPL14 knockdown, implying that ROS functions as a key regulator of the oncogenic effects of MRPL14 in thyroid cancer cells. @*Conclusion@#. Our findings indicate that MRPL14 may promote cell growth, migration, and invasion by modulating ROS in thyroid cancer cells.

Viral co-infections among children with confirmed measles at hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2014

OBJECTIVE@#To characterize viral co-infections among representative hospitalized measles cases during the 2014 Hanoi outbreak.@*METHODS@#Throat swabs were collected from 54 pediatric patients with confirmed measles, and molecular diagnostics performed for 10 additional viral respiratory pathogens (Influenza A/H1N1pdm09; A/H3N2 and influenza B; Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3; Respiratory Synctial Virus, RSV; human Metapneumovirus, hMPV; Adenovirus and Picornavirus).@*RESULTS@#Twenty-one cases (38.9%) showed evidence of infection with other respiratory viruses: 15 samples contained measles plus one additional virus, and 6 samples contained measles plus 2 additional viruses. Adenovirus was detected as a predominant cause of co-infections (13 cases; 24.1%), followed by RSV (6 cases; 11.1%), A/H1N1pdm09 (3 cases; 5.6%), PIV3 (3 cases; 3.7%), Rhinovirus (3 cases; 3.7%) and hMPV (1 case; 1.96%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Viral co-infections identified from pediatric measles cases may have contributed to increased disease severity and high rate of fatal outcomes. Optimal treatment of measles cases may require control of multiple viral respiratory pathogens.

Viral co-infections among children with confirmed measles at hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2014

Objective To characterize viral co-infections among representative hospitalized measles cases during the 2014 Hanoi outbreak. Methods Throat swabs were collected from 54 pediatric patients with confirmed measles, and molecular diagnostics performed for 10 additional viral respiratory pathogens (Influenza A/H1N1pdm09; A/H3N2 and influenza B; Parainfluenza 1, 2, 3; Respiratory Synctial Virus, RSV; human Metapneumovirus, hMPV; Adenovirus and Picornavirus). Results Twenty-one cases (38.9%) showed evidence of infection with other respiratory viruses: 15 samples contained measles plus one additional virus, and 6 samples contained measles plus 2 additional viruses. Adenovirus was detected as a predominant cause of co-infections (13 cases; 24.1%), followed by RSV (6 cases; 11.1%), A/H1N1pdm09 (3 cases; 5.6%), PIV3 (3 cases; 3.7%), Rhinovirus (3 cases; 3.7%) and hMPV (1 case; 1.96%). Conclusions Viral co-infections identified from pediatric measles cases may have contributed to increased disease severity and high rate of fatal outcomes. Optimal treatment of measles cases may require control of multiple viral respiratory pathogens.

Investigation of the cytotoxicity, antioxidative and immune-modulatory effects of Ligusticum porteri (Osha) root extract on human peripheral blood lymphocytes / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Ligusticum porteri is a traditional Native American herb. The roots of L. porteri are traditionally used in the treatment of many diseases, however, its cytotoxicity, antioxidative and immune-modulatory effects need to be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the root extract at different doses on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The lymphocytes were incubated with different concentrations of the root extracts (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL) and harvested every 6 h for 2 d (P<0.05). The protective effect of the herb against oxidative damage was determined by inducing oxidative stress with the administration of 50 μmol/L of hydrogen peroxide (HO).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatments with L. porteri at 200 and 400 μg/mL increased the viability of PBLs. The deleterious effect of HOwas ameliorated by 400 μg/mL L. porteri treatment. Addition of 400 μg/mL L. porteri reduced lipid peroxidation in stressed PBLs by 94% (P<0.05). Treatment with 400 μg/mL of L. porteri resulted in a 26.4% increase of reduced glutathione levels. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased by 17.5% and 55.2% respectively, when stressed PBLs were treated with 400 μg/mL L. porteri for 2 d (P<0.05). Treatment with 400 μg/mL L. porteri increased interferon-γ and interleukin-2 expressions in HO-challenged PBLs (P<0.05), however, the root extract did not cause a significant difference in interleukin-10 levels compared to the control (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings suggest that L. porteri might be a potential immune-modulating agent involving protective effects against oxidative damage.</p>

Predictors of Intensive Care Unit Morbidity and Midterm Follow-up after Primary Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot

BACKGROUND: Fallot (TOF) repair, and identify predictors of intensive care unit (ICU) morbidity. METHODS: We analyzed perioperative and midterm follow-up data for all cases of primary TOF repair from 2001 to 2012. The primary endpoint was early mortality and morbidity, and the secondary endpoint was survival and functional status at follow-up. RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients underwent primary repair. The median age was 4.9 months (range, 1 to 9 months), and the median weight was 5.3 kg (range, 3.1 to 9.8 kg). There was no early surgical mortality. The incidence of junctional ectopic tachycardia and persistent complete heart block was 2% and 1%, respectively. The median length of ICU stay was 6 days (range, 2 to 21 days), and the median duration of mechanical ventilation was 19 hours (range, 0 to 136 hours). By multiple regression analysis, age and weight were independent predictors of the length of ICU stay, while the surgical era was an independent predictor of the duration of mechanical ventilation. At the 8-year follow-up, freedom from death and re-intervention was 97% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Primary TOF repair is a safe procedure with low mortality and morbidity in a medium-sized program with outcomes comparable to national standards. Age and weight at the time of surgery remain significant predictors of morbidity.

Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Induces Fos-Related Antigen-Immunoreactivity Via Activation of Dopaminergic D1 Receptor

We previously demonstrated that repeated exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) increases locomotor activity via stimulation of dopaminergic D1 receptor (J. Pharmacol. Sci., 2007;105:367-371). Since it has been demonstrated that activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors, especially 35-kDa fos-related antigen (FRA), play a key role in the neuronal and behavioral adaptation in response to various stimuli, we examined whether repeated ELF-MF exposure induces FRA-immunoreactivity (FRA-IR) in the striatum and nucleus accumbens (striatal complex) of the mice. Repeated exposure to ELF-MF (0.3 or 2.4 mT, 1 h/day, for consecutive fourteen days) significantly induced hyperlocomotor activity and FRA-IR in the striatal complex in a field intensity-dependent manner. ELF-MF-induced FRA-IR lasted for at least 1 year, while locomotor activity returned near control level 3 months after the final exposure to ELF-MF. Pretreatment with SCH23390, a dopaminergic D1 receptor antagonist, but not with sulpiride, a dopaminergic D2 receptor antagonist, significantly attenuated hyperlocomotor activity and FRA-IR induced by ELF-MF. Our results suggest that repeated exposure to ELF-MF leads to prolonged locomotor stimulation and long-term expression of FRA in the striatal complex of the mice via stimulation of dopaminergic D1 receptor.

Evaluation on the therapeutic effects of Che day in the treatment for gastro-duodenal ulcer in clinical, endoscopy and pathological anatomy

Background: Che day is a commonly used traditional medicine among the mountainous ethnic people to treat gastro-duodenal ulcer. Its scientific name is Ampelopsis Cantoniensis Planch (Vitaceae). It is known that chemical components of che day includes flavonoid, tanin and uronic compound, which is able to relieve pain completely. Objectives: Evaluation of analgesic, cicatrisation, anti-inflammation and Helicobacter Pylori (HP) eradicating effects of che day in the treatment of gastro-duodenal ulcer and also investigate the side effects of che day. Subject and methods: 80 patients with gastro-duodenal ulcers were seen with endoscopy, suffering from epigastric pain. The study was carried out in the way of a double - blind method, comparing the results between the group che day and the Alusi cotrolled group. Results: On average, the time when the pain receded is 8.9 days in the che day group, faster than the Alusi controlled group (17.35 days, p < 0.01). The rate of the cicatrisation by che day is 79.55%, higher than the Alusi (47.22%; p < 0.001). In pathological anatomy, the rate of HP eradicating of che day is 42.5%, higher than the Alusi (19.35%, p < 0.01); the rate of recovery from gastritis of che day is 23.25%, higher than the Alusi (9.09%, p < 0.01) and the rate of total recovery of che day is 44.19%, higher than the Alusi; (27.27%, p < 0.01), Conclusions: The che day is effective in relieving gastro-duodenal ulcer \u2013 induced pain for the average of 9 days. In endoscopy, the rate of cicatrisation of che day is 79.55%, in which, good cicatrisation is 54.28%. In pathological anatomy, the che day is effective in eridicating HP with the rate of 42.5 %; The rate of recovery is 23.25% and che day has no side effects.

Nutritional status, body composition in school children aged 11-14 years old as assessed by body mass index, percentage body fat, and the relationship between the two indicators

Background: Previously, most studies evaluating nutritional status in Vietnam are based on the weight, height indexes or body mass index (BMI). Recently, Ha Huy Tue and his colleagues conducted a study to evaluate body composition in adults in both rural and urban\r\n', u'Objectives: To evaluate nutritional status and body composition and analyze the roleof BMI and percentage body fat (% BF) in determining the status of overweight and obesity\r\n', u'Subjects and method: A cross \u2013sectional study was carried out in 2.671 pupils (male/female: 50.6%/49.4%) aged 11-14 years old of 6 secondary schools in Hanam province Binh Luc district. BMI and %BF are the two indicators used for analyzing. \r\n', u'Results: The prevalence of subjects with BMI\ufffd?5th percentile was less than 1% for both males and females. Mean %BF ranged from 17.4-18.3% and from 13.9-20.2% for males and females, respectively. One unit of BMI corresponds to a large range of %BF. %BF has a goof sensitivity to detect high body fat in males; %BF can be a indicator to identify early overweight and obesity in pupils.\r\n', u'Conclusion: Proportion of overweight and obesity in 11-14 year-old schoolchildren of Binh Luc district, Ha Nam province is low. Therefore, obesity is not significant issue for the public health in the local. % BF can be used for the prevention of overweight, obesity in the community, especially the schoolchildren.\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'

The anti-hyperglycemic effect of fructus lycii extraction on straptozocine-induced glucose intolerance mice and diabetic mice

Background: Continuation of previous study of screening traditional medicinal plants with anti-diabetic effect, the hypoglycemic effect of glue extracted from Fructus Lycii which was named HPD was study. Objective: to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of HPD on diabetic mice caused by different doses of streptozocine. Subjects and methods: causing diabetes by streptozocine at difference doses was used to collect glucose intolerance mice, mild diabetic mice and severe diabetic mice. The effect of HPD p.o. at several doses was evaluated after 3 days of use. Results: By oral allocation with the dose of 500 and 1.000mg/kg body-weight for 3 days, HPD inhibited increasing blood glucose in streptozocine-induced glucose intolerance mice (intraperitoneal STZ 100 mg/kg). HPD 1000 mg/kg body weight had the potent hypoglycemic effect on streptozocine-induced diabetic mice, reverse the blood glucose self control ability of mild streptozicine-induced diabetic mice (STZ 120 mg/kg), meanwhile can not stop a hyperglycemic effect of high dose of STZ (STZ 180 mg/kg). Conclusion: HPD has the potent anti-hyperglycemic effect on streptozocine -induced diabetic rats. Anti-hyperglycemic of HPD is indirect under present of insulin\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'

Evaluating clinical experience from a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with combinated therapy of transarterial chemoembolization and percutaneousethanol injection afterward emerging metatasis caused by fine needle aspiration cytology

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic tumor and one of the most common cancers worldwide. HCC is a primary malignancy of hepatocellular origin. Objectives:The aim of study is to combinate therapy of transarterial chemoembolization and percutaneousethanol injection afterward emerging metatasis caused by fine needle aspiration cytology. Subjects and method: A 50 years old male patient with hepatocellular carcinoma having a diameter of tumor more than 5 cm was treated by combination of transarterial chemoembolization and percutaneous ethanol injection from December 2000. Results & Conclusion: Results of study showed that: Transarterial chemoembolization and percutaneous ethanol injection are the two of non-surgical methods for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma which are most commonly available in applied clinical activities at present. Up to now, the patient's life expectancy after therapy is more than 6 years that means the result of treatment is very good. However, the emerging metatasis into the anterior-right-Iower chest wall that was caused by fine needle aspiration cytology should be reviewed for further evaluating clinical experience, especially in cases with quite clear imaging features of untrasonography and significantly elevated AFP level higher than 200 ng/rnl.

Clinical characteristics and molecular characteristics of\r\n', u'hepatitis B virus in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients\r\n', u'with A1899 mutation in precore region\r\n', u'

Background: Hepatitis B is an infectious illness caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) which infects the liver of hominoidea, including humans, and causes an inflammation called hepatitis. Objectives: The aim of study is to clarify clinical features and molecular characteristics of HBV in chronic HBV-infected patients with A 1899 mutation. Subjects and method: HBV genotype, HBV-ONA level, HBeAg and anti-HBe in 29 chronic HBV-infected patients were determined by PCR-RFLP, Real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Mutations were analyzed by direct sequencing. Results: Mutations in core-promoter/precore regions of HBV genome can suppress HBeAg secretion and stimulate HBV-ONA replication. The prevalence of hepatocel- lular carcinoma (HCc): 10/29, liver cirrhosis (LC) : 15/29 are significantly higher than that in chronic hepatitis (CH) : 4/29 (P < 0.001). HbeAg seroconversion rate in CH (75%) is higher than that in HCC \r\n', u'(40%) and in LC (53.3%), but not significant (P > 0.05). ALT level is the highest in CH and the lowest in HCC \r\n', u'(P = 0.02), 8/10 (80%) HCC patients have normal range of ALT. HBV-ONA level in HCC and in LC is significantly higher than that in CH (P = 0.024). The emerging of A 1899 is often accompanied by C/G1753 mutation (37.9%) and dual core-promoter mutation T1762A1764 (79.3%). Conclusion: A1899 mutation can play a role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases in chronic HBV-infected Vietnamese.\r\n', u'

The preliminary report of occult HBV infection in Vietnamese

Background: Vietnam is located in the endemic region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but no data of occult HBV infection was reported at present. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of occult HBV infection in different ethnics of people and generations. Subjects and method: 80 voluteers with HbsAg negative from five different ethnics: Kinh, Tay, Mong, Giay and Dao in a Chino \ufffd?Vietnamses border province (Lao Cai) were enrolled in the study. After HBV-DNA was extracted, nested PCR of S gene and of Core-promoter/Pre-core region were used to detect HBV-DNA. Specifying nucleotide sequence was confirmed by direct sequencing. Results:The prevalence of occult HBV infection in population study was very high 73/80 (91,3%) by nested PCR of Core-promoter/Pre-core, significantly more sensitive than nested PCR of S gene (26,3%) (p<0,0001). The prevalence of occult HBV infection was notdifferent between ethnics of people or between children, adults. Conclusion: Occult HBV infection in Vietnamese is very common; however, nationwide further studies should be carried out to confirm this preliminary results and evaluate the impact of occult HBV infection in Vietnam.

Prevalence of lower genital tract infection among women attending maternal and child health and family planning clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam.

To determine the prevalence of lower genital tract infection (LGTI) with Candida spp, Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and bacterial vaginosis among symptomatic and asymptomatic women attending maternal and child health and family planning (MCH/FP) clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam. A multi-centered, cross-sectional descriptive study stratified by reported symptoms of vaginal discharge was carried out in three MCH/FP clinics among 1,000 women aged 18-44 years in 1998. Of these, 89.1% lived in Hanoi, 97.6% were currently married, and 99.2% had only one sexual partner in the past 12 months. Regarding their contraceptive use, 28.2% did not use any contraception, 25.6% used an intrauterine device (IUD), 22.8% used condoms, and 23.4% used other methods. The overall prevalence of Candida spp was 11.1% (95% CI = 9.1-13.1%); T. vaginalis, 1.3% (95% CI = 0.6-2.0%); no gonococcal infection was found; the prevalence of C. trachomatis was 4.4% (95% CI = 3.1-5.7%); and of bacterial vaginosis, 3.5% (95% CI = 2.4-4.6%). The presence of LGTI was not associated with reported symptom of vaginal discharge. LGTI was common among married and monogamous women attending MCH/FP clinics in Hanoi, of whom many used IUDs and may have an increased risk of complications in the presence of LGTI. The lack of association between symptoms and laboratory-confirmed infection underscores the challenge of diagnosing LGTI when laboratory testing is not available.

Ability of diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma by two dimensional ultrasound in comparing with CT scanner and endoscopic ultrasound

Studying on 35 patients were preoperative diagnosed as pancreatic adenocarcinoma received operations in ViÖt §øc hospital during 2000-2001 showed that: 29 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 6 patients without the disease. The two dimensional ultrasound found 18 cases (62%) with specificity (50%) and correct (60%), value of positive predict (85.7%). The rate of precise diagnosis of two dimensional ultrasound, CT scanner, and endoscopic ultrasound were 60%, 72.7%, and 83.3%, respectively.

Results of treatment of patients with gastroduodenal ulceration by pansiron G

40 patients with gastroduodenal ulceration and positive H.pylori treated by pansiron, amoxycilline and metronidazole within 10 days. The results have shown that pansiron G was a drug that cover the gastric mucosa well and heal 70% of ulceration focuses. The H.pylori killing rate by the above outline was 65,7%.

Screening study on the hypoglycemic effect of four traditional herbs

In this study, the extracts of four traditional herbs of ViÖt Nam (Hydrangea macrophylla, Eucommia ulmoides Olive, Scrophularia burianna Mig, Morinda ciuifolia L.) have been assessed for the hypoglycemic effect on normal mice. These extracts were administered by intraperitoneal or oral routes with dose of 200 - 300mg/kg, and 1000 - 1500mg/kg respectively. No evident hypoglycemic effect was showed with all extracts of these herbs

Evaluation of efficacy of Vratisolin 2% in the treatment of epidemic conjunctivitis

38 patients (18 males, 20 females), age from 17 to 61 years, were assigned in two groups. Group 1 including 29 patients (53 eyes), vratisolin 2% ophthalmic ointment was applied 4-5 times daily into the conjunctive sac. Group 2 including 9 patients (15 eyes), Ofus ophthalmic eyes drops was used 10 times daily. Results: in patients with epidemic conjunctivitis, treated by Vratisolin, more rapid reduction of symptoms was observed in comparing with this the group treated with Ofus eye drops.