Study of incidence of tuberculosis in fine needle aspiration cytology of cervical lymph node: a city based study.

Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) being a simple out-patient diagnostic procedure is well accepted by patients and has practically no complications. Methods: The present study involved 80 patients of cervical lymphadenopathy, who attended the pathology department of the L N medical college and JK hospital, Bhopal from June 2013 to May 2014. After a detailed history and clinical examination, fine needle aspiration cytology of involved nodes was performed in all these patients. Results: Out of 80 cases 32 (40%) cases were of tubercular lymphadenitis, 24 (30%) cases were of reactive hyperplasia of lymph node, 12 (15%) cases were of metastatic deposit of squamous cell carcinoma of lymph node, 10 (12.5)cases were of non-specific lymphadenitis, one case (1.25) was of acute on chronic lymphadenitis and one (1.25) case was of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, so out of 80 cases maximum number of cases (32) were of tuberculous lymph node. Conclusion: FNAC has emerged as a first-line diagnostic technique in tuberculosis lymph node. In cervical lymphadenopathy tuberculosis remains a common cause.

Case of immature mesenteric teratoma.

Mesenteric teratomas are extremely rare tumor arising from totipotent primordial cells, which displays a mixture of tissues of tridermal or bidermal origin. Immature teratoma in mesentery is still rarer. Here we report a case of immature mesenteric teratoma in a two day old neonate, which is youngest such patient except for one case, which has been diagnosed prenataly with the help of ultrasonography.

Cyclosporin and mitochondria: a neuroprotective approach .

Cyclosporin A (CsA) an immunophilin, discovered in 1969 and approved in 1983 to be used as immunosuppressant agent and is widely used in organ transplantation and auto-immune disorders. Its ability to alter mitochondria and apoptotic pathways makes it attractive agent to be employed in variety of diseases including age related neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria play pivotal role in cell energetics and reactive oxygen species production and are known to be key regulator of apoptosis hence it is important in a wide range of diseases. The structural and functional properties of mitochondria enable the targeting of drugs supposed to modulate the function of organelle for therapeutic advantage. By targeting mitochondria we can prevent oxidative damage associated with neurodegenerative diseases and ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury. Similarly targeting Bcl-2 can be helpful in cancer by triggering apoptosis.