Effects of chromium on testes and protective role of mulberry

Background: The chromium supplements and medicines are used to reduce sugar and boost sexual performance without recommendations. This practice may cause hyperlipidemia and testicular anomalies which can be partially ameliorated by natural phytochemicals of Mulberry [Morus nigra] fruit extract [MFE]

Objective: To determine the protective effects of mulberry [Morus Nigra] against injury on testes caused by hexavalent chromium

Methodology: This experimental study was conducted at DHQ teaching Hospital Sargodha and experimental work was conducted in Sargodha University. Thirty male mice [Mus musculus] were equally grouped as: C; Control, Cr; 50ppm in water ad-libitum [10 days] followed withdrawal for 5days, Cr-M; as Cr group but followed by 0.25mL/12h MFE and sacrificed on 16[th] day. The laboratory work was completed in 3 months. The data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 17

Results: Cr[+6] exposure significantly [p < 0.05] reduced sugar but caused hyperlipidemia, atrophy, steatosis, cirrhosis and necrosis in testes. The accumulation of debris with tail-less sperms raise cross sectional area of seminiferous tubules [ST] to generate pressure potential to lyse some ST. There significant [P< 0.001] reduction of Spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and dislodged parrot beak headed spermatozoa [PBH] /area specifies sperm deformities and infertility, while Mulberry ameliorates such anomalies

Conclusion: Cr contamination in water and food supplementation may produce histpatholgical changes in the testes while Mulberry has rehabilitation and metal chelating capability to recover anomalies

child with roberts syndrome

Roberts syndrome Is a genetically determined rare birth defect causing, skeletal deformities, particularly symmetrical limb reduction and craniofacial anomalies. For any child with limb and craniofacial bony malformations, this syndrome should be considered in the differentials. Although this syndrome represents only a small proportion of the total number of individuals with limb deficiency, it is important to be identified in order to give accurate genetic counselling including recurrence risk in siblings and possible prenatal diagnosis. This is the case report of a 22 days old male infant who presented with defective development of all four extremities and craniofacial abnormalities. The overall clinical and radiological features were suggestive of Roberts syndrome