clinicomorphological study of non-neoplastic lymphadenopathy

The Clinico Morphological Changes in 150 Cases of Non-neoplastic lymph adenopathy were studied at BMC Complex Hospital Quetta. The ages of these patients ranged from 2 years to 80 years. Maximum number of patients with lymphadenopathy [65 out of 150] 43.3% cases were in 11-20 years ago group. Females [56%] presenting with lymph node enlargement were more affected than males [44%]. The commonest presenting complaint was fever [67%]. Cervical lymph nodes [82.6%] were the commonest site of involvement. On histopathological examination, four morphological groups were highlighted; tuberculous lymphadenitis [50%], chronic non-specific lymhadenitis [44%], viral lymphadenitis [4%] acute bacterial lymphadenitis [2%]. The study also highlights the yield of Mycobacteria on fluorescent staining as highly significant [P<0.001] as compared to Ziehl-Neelsen staining, there by proving the superiority of fluorescent stain

Phylloides tumour; report of 7 cases from quetta and review of literature

A 40 years female presented with huge mass right breast measuring 16x18x16cm. Sectional surface was grayish white with cleft like spaces. Microscopically, the stromal component was composed of uniform spindle shaped cells. No pleomorphism was seen. Mitosis were occasional. The epithelial component was composed of gland and duct like structure with uniform nuclei. Histologically it was of low grade malignancy

Experimental study of cadmium induced hepatic toxicity

Cadmium is a modern toxic metal. It is a proven environmental pollutant and has hepatotoxic effects as well. This study was carried out to look for hepatotoxicity of cadmium in rabbits. Forty rabbits divided into four equal groups [3 experimental and 1 control] were used. Minimum Lethal dose and experimental dose of Cadmium Sulpahte were calculated. Group I was injected with half minimal lethal dose, Group II with experimental dose and Group III with 30% specific bovine albumin, followed by experimental dose. The control group was injected with distilled water. This treatment was continued for 12 weeks. During the experiment serum alanine transferase [S-ALT] and gamma glutamide transpeptidase [gama-GT] were estimated twice, at intervals of 6 weeks and 12 weeks followed by autopsy at the end of the experiment. The liver was excised after sacrificing the animals. The tissue was processed for histopathology. A definite rise in the enzymes and changes in normal liver histology were observed. Conclusions: The cadmium induced lesions in the liver appear to be dose and time dependent. The findings of this study suggest that cadmium has direct toxic effects on liver leading to hepatic damage. It is therefore recommended that the environmental cadmium pollution and uncontrolled industrial use of this metal must be controlled