RESUMO
Aims: The dairy industry faces growing scrutiny of its environmental stewardship. The potential impact of an individual operation on the environment varies with animal concentration, weather, terrain, soils, and numerous other conditions. It is hoped that management practices found on dairy industry will benefit by the management practices. So properly applied the Management Practices, the factual study of dairy effluent by various physico-chemical characters concern for environmental health and safety. Study Design: Effluent samples were collected from dairy industries. The samples were characterized by physical parameters like pH, temperature, TS, etc. and chemical parameters BOD, COD, DO etc. Place and Duration of Study: Effluent samples were collected from dairy industry of district Kolhapur Maharashtra (India).Physico-chemical characteristics of the effluent during the months between March to August 2011. Methodology: Total 4 samples of dairy effluents were collected by composite sampling at the time 9, 12, 3, 6 o’clock per day and stored at 4oc for further analysis. Then on the next day in quintet it was subjected to analyze the physicochemical parameters like Temperature, pH, DO, TDS, TSS, TS, BOD, COD, chloride, Sulphate, oil and Grease. Results: The study revealed that the dairy effluent is slightly alkaline in nature, and high temperature, BOD & COD values obtained by the analysis of dairy effluents indicate the presence of heavy load of organic substances. Also a higher temperature and oils and Greases which lower the dissolved oxygen activities can cause serious problems in disposal of waste water. Above the standard value suspended and dissolved organic solids are responsible for creating nuisance. Conclusion: Dairy industry tested in this study was found high levels of pH, BOD, COD, TSS It is very important that proper waste water treatment systems should be installed for the protection of the environmental health and for the ecological balance.
RESUMO
Aim: Every Dairy industry has problems of effluent treatment. This can be revealed by effective treatment of the effluent. The effective treatment can be done by using microorganisms to stabilize the organic and inorganic load of the effluent. The aim of the present work is to study the dairy wastewater micro biota and to identify some new active strains which can bring about fast biodegradation of the organic compounds. Study Design: Isolation and determination of bacteriological characteristics of the dairy effluents. Methodology: Studies were carried out to isolate the microorganisms from collected effluent sample from the dairies under studies. Isolation of microorganisms was done by primary screening, Cultural Characterization, Biochemical characterization and Identified by using Bergey’s Manuals of Systematic Bacteriology. Results: During 2011-2013 from two different districts of Maharashtra (India), dairy industry effluents were collected for the isolation of micro organisms. Effluent samples were collected as per Jacksch and piper method and primary screening was done and totally 7 Isolates were screened out. These isolates were characterized on nutrient agar at room temperature for 24 hrs. Isolates were observed for the cultural characters like size, shape, colour, margin, elevation, opacity and consistency and morphological characters like Gram nature, sporulation, shape and arrangement of cells, motility etc. and were recorded. Physio-biochemical characterization was followed by biochemical tests for enzymatic activities like catalase, oxidase, nitrate reduction, urease, caseinase etc and carbohydrates utilization tests for lactose, maltose, inositol, xylose etc. performed to check their ability for metabolization. On the basis of these characteristics, isolates were identified by using Bergey’s Manuals of Systematic Bacteriology. The identified Bacterial Isolates were of Genus Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Listeria etc. Conclusion: These Bacterial isolates have the ability to utilize the components like nitrate, starch, gelatin, sugars like sucrose, maltose, lactose etc. which was confirmed by the biochemical tests. Bacterial flora from the effluents can be identified and efficiently applied for the biological treatment of the dairy effluents.