Frequency of stroke patients qualified for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-TPA) injection and limitations in Zahedan 2016

Background: Stroke is one of the common causes of mortality and disability. By introducing r-TPA into the global drug market and its effect on the patients’ prognosis, using this drug is recommended in all patients with ischemic stroke who visited less than 4.5 hours after stroke and do not have contraindications. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of stroke patients qualified for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-TPA) and its limtations.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 244 patients examined with stroke admitted to the Neurology Department of Zahedan city hospital in 2016. Information form were completed with demographic data, transmission method, referral time, CT scan preparation time, and the response of the patients' trials, and finally the data were inserted in SPSS.16 software and analysed by statistical methods.Results: Out of all patients with ischemic stroke, 28 (11.5%) patients had contraindication to receive drug. Of 216 remain patients, 201 patients (93.1%) had no possibility to receive r-TPA due to the loss of golden time and only 15 patients (6.9%) had possibility to receive drug because of visited 4.5 hours before the beginning of symptoms. Of them, 3 (20%) patients due to delay in CT scan and test results, had no possibility to receive r-TPA. In summary, of all patients with inclusion criteria, only 12 (5.5%) patients could use the r-TPA in this study.Conclusions: The most important barrier to using r-TPA has been the loss of golden time and training to raise awareness of the society can lead to early referral from the onset of stroke symptoms.

Gender Differences in Obesogenic Behaviour, Socioeconomic and Metabolic Factors in a Population-based Sample of Iranians: The IHHP Study.

This study investigated the gender differences in association of some behavioural and socioeconomic factors with obesity indices in a population-based sample of 12,514 Iranian adults. The mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in women than in men. Current and passive smoking had an inverse association with BMI among males whereas current smoking, transportation by a private car, and longer duration of watching television (TV) had a positive association with BMI among females. Current and passive smoking, cycling, and Global Dietary Index (GDI) had an inverse association with WC among males. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, current and passive smoking, duration of daily sleep, and GDI had an inverse association with WC among females. Using a private car for transportation had a significant positive association with WHR among both males and females. Living in an urban area, being married, and having a higher education level increased the odds ratio of obesity among both the genders. Non-manual work also increased this risk among males whereas watching TV and current smoking increased this risk among females. Such gender differences should be considered for culturally-appropriate interventional strategies to be implemented at the population level for tackling obesity and associated cardiometabolic risk factors.

Cumulative prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Iranian adolescents: IHHP-HHPC / A prevalência cumulativa de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adolescentes iranianos: IHHP-HHPC

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco para a doença cardiovascular aterosclerótica numa amostra de adolescentes iranianos. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 1000 meninas e 1000 meninos, com idade entre 11 e 18 anos, selecionados através de uma amostragem aleatória multietapas à base de conglomerados das áreas urbana e rural de três cidades iranianas. RESULTADOS: As taxas de prevalência de inatividade física, dislipidemia, tabagismo, pressão arterial alta e obesidade (índice de massa corporal >P95) foram 66,6, 23,7, 8,7, 5,7 e 2,2 por cento, respectivamente. Dentre os indivíduos estudados, 79,1 por cento apresentaram pelo menos um e 24,6 por cento tiveram dois fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. A prevalência de inatividade física foi significativamente menor entre os meninos que entre as meninas [53,9 contra 79,3 por cento, respectivamente, OR IC95 por cento, 0,44 (0,39-0,51)]. A prevalência de tabagismo foi maior nos meninos que nas meninas [13,1 contra 4,2 por cento, respectivamente, OR IC95 por cento, 3,4 (2,4-4,9)]. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a alta prevalência de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adolescentes, deve-se garantir intervenções que sejam adequadas à idade e sensíveis a aspectos culturais para que medidas preventivas possam ser tomadas em tempo hábil.