RESUMO
Objectives@#. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a more severe inflammatory form of CRS that often coexists with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, little is known about the relationship between OSA and the immune profile in patients with CRSwNP. We aimed to investigate the immune profile of patients with CRSwNP according to OSA severity. @*Methods@#. This study included 63 patients with CRSwNP and nine control subjects. Protein levels of inflammatory mediators were determined using multiplex immunoassays. All patients underwent standard polysomnography. @*Results@#. In patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP (ECRSwNP), interleukin (IL)-6 and chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand (CXCL)-1 (type 1 immune-related markers) were upregulated in cases of moderate-to-severe OSA. Additionally, IL-4, IL-13, C-C motif chemokine (CCL)-11, CCL-24 (type 2 immune-related markers), and IL-17A (a type 3 immune-related marker) were present at elevated levels in patients with moderate-to-severe OSA. Although there were no significant differences in type 1, 2, or 3 immune-related markers among patients with non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (NECRSwNP) according to the severity of OSA, transforming growth factor-beta expression was higher in those with moderate-to-severe OSA. Furthermore, in ECRSwNP with moderate-to-severe OSA, associations were detected between serum markers and some upregulated inflammatory markers. @*Conclusion@#. OSA may increase the heterogeneity of the immune profile (types 1, 2, and 3) in patients with ECRSwNP, but not in those with NECRSwNP.
RESUMO
The midline nasal dermoid cysts are rare congenital neoplasms, which are diagnosed frequently in childhood. Masses are often noticeable at birth gaining size over time with recurrent infections and usually arise from the nasal cavity or lower 1/3 of the nasal dorsum. CT scan as the primary investigation is helpful to determine accurately the size and extent of the lesion as well as the integrity of adjacent bony structures. MRI scan is recommended to rule out an intracranial extension or sinus tracts. Treatment of choice is the complete surgical excision preserving the cyst wall. Here in, we present an unusual case of nasofrontal dermoid cyst in a 19-year-old boy without radiographic evidence of transcranial extension. In this case, we surgically removed nasofrontal dermoid cyst via transcolumellar approach. We also corrected saddle nose deformity after mass removal. Therefore, in this case, we experienced a successful case in which the nasofrontal dermoid cyst was totally removed without facial scar and deformity.
RESUMO
The midline nasal dermoid cysts are rare congenital neoplasms, which are diagnosed frequently in childhood. Masses are often noticeable at birth gaining size over time with recurrent infections and usually arise from the nasal cavity or lower 1/3 of the nasal dorsum. CT scan as the primary investigation is helpful to determine accurately the size and extent of the lesion as well as the integrity of adjacent bony structures. MRI scan is recommended to rule out an intracranial extension or sinus tracts. Treatment of choice is the complete surgical excision preserving the cyst wall. Here in, we present an unusual case of nasofrontal dermoid cyst in a 19-year-old boy without radiographic evidence of transcranial extension. In this case, we surgically removed nasofrontal dermoid cyst via transcolumellar approach. We also corrected saddle nose deformity after mass removal. Therefore, in this case, we experienced a successful case in which the nasofrontal dermoid cyst was totally removed without facial scar and deformity.
RESUMO
Hamartomas are non-neoplastic malformations or congenital errors of tissue development. Hamartoma is composed by an excessive growth of mature tissue present in wrong proportions and abnormal arrangements. The lesion usually presents as a submucosal mass with ill-defined margins. Hamartoma occurs in all areas of the body, especially in the liver, spleen, kidney and lung. However, hamartoma is very rare in the head and neck. Presenting symptoms of hamartoma are typically vague and nonspecific. Treatment of hamartomas consists of adequate surgical excision. We present a 59 year-old male patient who presented with submental swelling. Malignancy could not be ruled out with preoperative radiologic examination, so surgical excision was planned. The mass was excised with transcervical approach. Histopathologic examination has confirmed the mass as a mucinous gland adenomatoid hamartoma.