Swept-source optical coherence tomography findings in premature children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity at 5 years of age / Achados de tomografia de coerência óptica swept-source em crianças de 5 anos de idade com história de retinopatia da prematuridade

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare central foveal thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and subfoveal choroidal thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography in premature children with a history of treated retinopathy of prematurity (either with intravitreal bevacizumab or laser photocoagulation) or spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity versus age-matched healthy children at the age of 5 years. Methods: A total of 79 children were divided into four groups: group 1, children who received intravitreal bevacizumab treatment; group 2, children who received laser photocoagulation treatment; group 3, children who had spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity; and group 4, age matched, full-term healthy children. At the age of 5 years, visual functions and refractive status were assessed. The optical coherence tomography analysis was performed using swept-source optical coherence tomography (DRI-OCT Triton; Topcon, USA). Results: There were 12 (15.2%), 23 (29.1%), 30 (38%), and 14 (17.7%) children in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Sex distribution was similar between the groups (p=0.420). Best corrected visual acuity was significantly better in group 4 compared with groups 1, 2, and 3 (p=0.035, p=0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). Refractive error results were similar between the groups (p=0.119). Central foveal thickness was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p=0.023). There were no significant differences observed between the groups in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness (p>0.05). Conclusions: Visual functional outcomes were better in term-born healthy children compared with those noted in children with a history of treated retinopathy of prematurity and spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity. Laser treatment exerted a signifi­cant effect on central foveal thickness in premature children at the age of 5 years, as revealed by swept-source optical coherence tomography.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a espessura central foveal, a da camada de fibras nervosas da retina e a da coróide subfoveal através da tomografia de coerência óptica swept-source em crianças de 5 anos de idade com história de retinopatia da prematuridade (RP) tratada com bevacizumabe intravítreo, ou com fo­tocoagulação a laser, com crianças em regressão espontânea da retinopatia da prematuridade, e com crianças saudáveis da mes­ma idade. Métodos: Um total de 79 crianças foi dividido em quatro grupos. Grupo 1: crianças que receberam tratamento com bevacizumabe intravítreo. Grupo 2: crianças que foram tratadas com fotocoagulação a laser. Grupo 3: crianças que ti­veram regressão espontânea da retinopatia da prematuridade . Grupo 4: crianças da mesma idade saudáveis e nascidas a termo. As funções visuais e o status refrativo foram avaliados aos 5 anos de idade. A análise de tomografia de coerência óptica foi feita por um dispositivo do tipo swept-source (DRI-OCT Triton; Topcon, EUA). Resultados: Haviam 12 crianças (15,2%) no grupo 1, 23 crianças (29,1%) no grupo 2, 30 crianças (38%) no grupo 3 e 14 crianças (17,7%) no grupo 4. A distribuição por sexo foi semelhante em todos os grupos (p=0,420). A acuidade visual com a melhor correção mostrou-se significativamente maior no grupo 4 em comparação com os grupos 1, 2 e 3 (respectivamente, p=0,035, p=0,001 e p=0,001). Os resultados dos erros de refração foram semelhantes em todos os grupos (p=0,119). A espessura foveal central mostrou-se significativamente maior no grupo 2 do que no grupo 1 (p=0,023). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto à espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina e à espessura da coroide subfoveal (p>0,05). Conclusões: Os desfechos visuais funcionais foram melhores nas crianças saudáveis nascidas a termo, em comparação com aqueles observados nas crianças com história de retinopatia da prematuridade tratada ou com regressão espontânea. O tratamento com laser teve um efeito significativo na espessura foveal central em crianças de 5 anos de idade, nascidas prematuras, como revelado pela tomografia de coerência óptica swept-source.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness in cases with age -related macular degeneration / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

To compare subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) between cases with non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration ( AMD) and neovascular AMD by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) and to evaluate the contribution of choroidal thickness (CT) measurements to the understanding of pathogenesis of neovascularization in AMD. ●METHODS: Fourty - eigth eyes of 24 patients who had neovascular AMD in one eye and non- neovascular AMD in the other eye were included in this retrospective, cross-sectional study as study group. Forty eyes of healthy,age and axial length matched individuals were selected as the control group. Eyes with drusen and/ or pigmentary changes were included in the non - neovascular AMD subgroup. Eyes with subretinal or intraretinal fluid and/orlipid exudation due to the choroidal neovascularization were included in the neovascular AMD subgroup. OCT measurements were performed with RTVue 100-2 (V 5. 1, Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA) perpendicularly from the outer part of the hyperreflective line ( retinal pigment epithelial layer) to the line corresponding to the choroido-scleral junction. Choroidal thickness was measured at 7 different points, 500μ m intervals up to 1500μ m temporal and nasal to the fovea in the study group and compared statistically between subgroups. ●RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 72. 4±8. 97 (60-82)y. The mean age of healthy individuals was 71. 2±8. 8 (58- 81) y. Mean SFCT of neovascular AMD group were significantly thicker than non- neovascular AMD group (P0. 05). ln neovascular AMD group, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean SFCT and the mean temporal-nasal choroid thickness (P ●CONCLUSlON: Choroidal thickness measurements with OCT device can make a contribution to the understanding the phatophysiology of AMD and large prospective studies should be conducted to understand why SFCT was thicker in neovascular AMD.