A Survey of Health Hazard Cases Caused by Health-Related Products and Pharmacists’ Roles / 医薬品情報学

Objective: There have been reports of health hazards caused by medical devices, cosmetics, quasi-drugs, daily necessities, hygiene products, etc. (health-related products) sold in pharmacies and drugstores. However, the role pharmacists play in dealing with the health hazards caused by health-related products has not been clarified. Therefore, we conducted a survey on the cases of health hazards related to health-related products and the views of pharmacists.Methods: A questionnaire was administered anonymously by email to 601 pharmacists working in community pharmacies or drugstores between December 11 and 20, 2019.Results: The number of valid responses was 585. The breakdown of health hazard cases where pharmacists counseled customers were 60 for medical devices, 31 for cosmetics, 18 for quasi-drugs, 9 for hygiene products, and 20 for daily necessities and others. Of those 138 cases, 19 cases of medical devices were estimated to have an intermediate risk as a health hazard, and the other 119 cases were all classified as low. Of the cases that the pharmacists were not approached for help, but were aware of, 57 were medical devices (21 high, 31 intermediate, 5 low), 44 were cosmetics (12 intermediate, 32 low), 12 were quasi-drugs (7 intermediate, 5 low), 7 were hygiene products (7 low), and 64 were daily necessities and others (26 high, 34 intermediate, 4 low). With regard to health-related products, 95% of the respondents indicated that they had responded to customer questions with advice.Conclusion: Our results show that there are various cases that could develop into health hazards due to health-related products, and most respondents felt a need to alert the public. As such, pharmacists and other staffs in drugstores will continue to provide health support functions to their customers by advising them on not only pharmaceuticals but also these health-related products.

Status of Responses to Foreign Language Inquiries When Selling OTC Drug / 医薬品情報学

Objective: Along with the increase in the number of foreign visitors to Japan, the number of inquiries in foreign languages at the time of OTC drug sales has increased.　To clarify the current status of responses to foreign language inquiries when selling OTC drug, we surveyed the frequency of foreign language response, languages used, trouble experienced, and preparation useful in responding to foreign language inquiries when selling OTC drug.Methods: Our survey was conducted with 694 registered salesclerks of drugs at an external training seminar in Tokyo, Japan.Results: Of the 649 respondents, 337 (51.9%) had experience in responding to inquiries in a foreign language when selling OTC drug.　The languages used were as follows: ”English,” 86.4%; ”Chinese,” 70.0%; ”Korean,” 25.8%.　Of the respondents who had experience in responding to inquiries in a foreign language when selling OTC drug, 107 (31.8%) responded ”I experienced trouble because I could not understand what was being said,” and 228 (67.7%) responded ”I could not respond and experienced trouble.”　When asked about preparation/tools useful for selling OTC drug, 434 (66.9%) responded ”multilingual written correspondence table,” 359 (55.3%) responded ”smartphone or tablet‐based correspondence multilingual table,” 299 (46.1%) responded ”marks and illustrations,” and 253 (39.0%) responded ”I would like to be taught how to respond in a foreign language (simple conversation).”Conclusions: Our results revealed that when selling OTC drug, response to inquiries in a foreign language occurred frequently and trouble was experienced in listening comprehension and speaking a foreign language.　Therefore, urgent countermeasures such as preparing a multilingual correspondence table of symptoms, usage, and dosage, and lectures on methods of responding through simple foreign language conversations are necessary.　In addition, efforts such as creation of multilingual drug package inserts by pharmaceutical companies were considered to be an effective measure.

A Survey of Japanese Consumersʼ Recognition and Consciousness of the Foods with Function Claims System / 医薬品情報学

Objective:After the start of the Foods with Function Claims system started in April 2015, the number of Foods withFunction Claims has increased every year. As such,the health food market in Japan is expanding and the health foods usedby consumers has been changing. To clarify the influence by which Foods with Function Claims has affected people’seating habits and improved their health, we surveyed people’s recognition and motivations to the Foods with FunctionClaims.Methods:Our survey was conducted with 238 consumers attending a sports club in the Tama area in western Tokyo,Japan.Results:In response to the question recognition of the word “Foods with Function Claims,”43 people(18.1%) responded“I know well,”141 people(59.2%)responded “I have heard it,but I do not know the meaning,”54 people(22.7%)responded“I do not know. I have never heard of it.” In response to the question whether to buy the Foods with Function Claims,77 people (32.4%) responded “I buy if the price is a little higher than not the Foods with Function Claims,”126 people(52.9%) responded “I buy if the price is equal to not the Foods with Function Claims.” In response to the question, 182people(76.5%)responded“I go to the hospital,”40 people(16.8%)responded“I do not go to the hospital and I use the Foodswith Function Claims.”Conclusion: Our results revealed that the recognition of Foods with Function Claims was low. However consumersrecognized that the Foods with Function Claims is worth using. Education to improve recognition for the Foods withFunction Claims is necessary.

A Survey of Views on Rx-to-OTC Switches in the Patients Afflicted with Lifestyle-related Diseases such as Hypertension, Diabetes and/or Hyperlipidemia / 社会薬学

<p>To clarify the views and needs on Rx-to-OTC switches in patients afflicted with lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and/or hyperlipidemia, our survey was conducted with 199 patients at a pharmacy in Tokyo, Japan.Of the 199 patients, 159 people were patients afflicted with lifestyle-related diseases.One hundred and ten patients afflicted with lifestyle-related diseases were seventy-year-old and older, and 149 of the patients have been to a hospital at least once in the past year.Thirty-six point five percent of the patients afflicted with lifestyle-related diseases replied that they wanted to use Rx-to-OTC switches when they had been ill and/or injured.The main reasons that they wanted to use Rx-to-OTC switches were “convenience” and “always the same drugs”.On the other hand, the main reason that they did not want to use Rx-to-OTC switches was “I want to have a detailed examination”.Twenty-three point nine percent of them replied that they wanted to switch their prescription drugs to Rx-to-OTC switches. We believe that the usage of Rx-to-OTC switches after the establishment of a support system to secure safety can be the answer to the issues of the rise in medical care expenditures and doctor shortage.</p>

A Survey of Views on the Selection and Sale of Analgesics by Registered Salesclerks / 医薬品情報学

<b>Objective: </b>An external training seminar was held for registered salesclerks of drugs to help them keep and improve their knowledge of drugs.  To promote self-medication and to enhance the content of training seminars, we collected data in the form of inquiries the clerks had received from customers and what information the clerks sought from drug companies.<br><b>Methods: </b>Our survey was conducted with 199 registered salesclerks of drugs at an external training seminar in Tokyo, Japan.<br><b>Results: </b>The main inquiries from customers to the registered salesclerks were “selection of an analgesic for headache” (83.8%), “selection of an analgesic for cramps” (62.3%), and “selection of an analgesic for toothache” (57.7%).  The main information that they sought from drug companies were “side effects,” “interaction between drugs,” “time of onset of action,” and “degree of effect of drugs.”<br><b>Conclusions: </b>To respond to the inquiries from customers, it was necessary to supply the clerks with knowledge of pharmacokinetics in the external training and to supply them with information on side effects, interaction between drugs, time of onset of action, and degree of effect of drugs on individual products from drug companies.  Additionally, this information and knowledge of drugs can be gained from not only the external training and drug companies but also from pharmacists they work with.  It was thought that continuing the external training seminars and input of information from drug companies led to levels similar to a pharmacist and the registered salesclerks contributed actively to promoting self-medication.

Survey of Consumer Views on Non-prescription Drugs and Self-Medication after the Revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act in 2009 / 医薬品情報学

<b>Objective: </b>To clarify consumer views on the new sale system of non-prescription drugs, self-medication, and purchases in drugstores after the revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act in 2009.<br><b>Methods: </b>The questionnaire was performed for 1,084 consumers on an enlightenment event of the proper use of non-prescription drugs and promotion of adequate self-medication held at Shinjuku Station that was a main terminal station.<br><b>Results: </b>Among the respondents, the degree of recognition of the new sale system for non-prescription drugs was 67.7%.  There was approximately threefold increase from the previous survey in 2008.  The most common positive reason was, “The safety of non-prescription drugs was clarified by classification according to three risk levels.”  On the other hand, the most common negative reason was, “I was unable to reach the medicine I wanted without having to listen to the pharmacist’s explanation.”  When consumers want to purchase non-prescription drugs, 77.1 and 44.5% of the respondents nominated “pharmacy and/or drugstore” and “a convenience store,” respectively.  The practice of self-medication positively correlated with the words “the self-medication.”  In this study, a surge in consumer interest for self-medication and non-prescription drugs was felt.  However, while consumers were interested in the safety of non-prescription drugs, they also demanded convenience.<br><b>Conclusions: </b>We thought that the role of experts such as pharmacists and registered salesclerks was to ensure safety, convenience, and understandability of consumers for non-prescription drugs.  In addition, to promote adequate self-medication, it was suggested that recognition of the words “self-medication” will be helped through events, the Internet, and the mass media.  It needs to be further explored.