RESUMO
Thyroid dysfunction, mostly hypothyroidism is a frequent disorder in the general population, especially among women. Hypothyroidism is defined as a deficiency of thyroid activity. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome that results from insufficient production or action of thyroid hormones, leading to a total decrease of metabolic processes. It results from reduced secretion of both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The disorder slows the metabolism, with classic symptoms of slowness of movement, tiredness, low energy, change in appearance and voice, weight gain, cold intolerance, poor libido and constipation. Furthermore, abnormalities of lipid metabolism, hyperhomocysteinemia, and arterial hypertension occur with increased frequency in hypothyroidism and are associated with an increased risk of premature atherosclerotic vascular disease. Treatment with thyroid hormones results in an increase in basal energy expenditure, which affects the synthesis, mobilization and degradation of lipids.
RESUMO
The Blumenthal;s 'Mininuc' technique enables nuclear expression through a 5-6.5-mm sclerocorneal tunnel incision using a Sheet's lens glide and anterior chamber maintainer (ACM). A 6-mm or larger capsulorrhexis, reduction in nuclear size by hydroprocedure and its manipulation manually into the anterior chamber are performed. The nucleus is expressed out of the chamber by use of hydrostatic pressure created by balanced salt solution delivered continuously through the ACM. This continuous flow from ACM to anterior chamber keeps the eye under positive pressure physiological state besides clearing the chamber of cortex, blood and pigments offering excellent visualization. The procedure, with an initial learning curve, is highly effective, applicable to all grades of cataracts, has minimum intraocular instrumentation resulting in an early rehabilitation of the patient.