Diffusion tensor imaging study on white matter structure in children with autism spectrum disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the white matter microstructural change between autism spectrum disorder(ASD) children and the healthy controls and it's correlation with the age and the clinical symptoms.Methods Thirty-three patients with ASD and thirty-three healthy controls (HC) matched for sex-,age-and handedness underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans.Use the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule(ADOS) and the Neuropsychological Development Inventory for Children Aged 0-6 Years Old (SLAS) to assess the clinical symptoms.Use tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) based on fiber skeleton to analyze the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the whole brain DTI then to identify the differentiated brain regions.And analyze the correlation with age and clinical symptoms.Results (1) FA value of the body of corpus callosum (BCC) (x =-10,y =11,z =26;P=0.0012),left posterior limb of internal capsule (LPLI) (x =-23,y =-11,z =12;P＜0.01),left anterior corona radiata (LACR) (x =-28,y =28,z =16;P＜ 0.01),lift superior corona radiata(LSCR) (x=-27,y=-1,z=21;P=0.0017) was significantly lower in ASD group.(2) There was a positive correlation between the FA value of LPLI and the LACR,LSCR with age among the ASD group(r=0.436,P=0.012;r=0.443,P=0.010;r=0.475,P=0.005).There was a negative correlation between the FA value of the BCC,LPLI and the LACR,LSCR with the age among the HC children.(3) There was a correlation between the LPLI with the score of A DOS (communication:r=0.406,P=0.025;communication+social behavior:r=0.377,P=0.039;restrictive interests and repetitive behaviors:r=0.375,P=0.041) and SLAS (gross motor:r=-0.409,P=0.024),There was a correlation between the LSCR with the score of the SLAS (gross motor:r=-0.539,P=0.002,adaptive capacity:r=-0.373,P=0.041,mental age:r=-0.388,P=0.034).Conclusion The brain white matter microstructure change of BCC,LPLI,LACR,LSCR may be the pathophysiological basis of ASD.The development trend of brain white matter structure varied with age in ASD children is different from that of normal children.Brain white matter microstructure of the LPLI,LSCR is correlation with ASD symptoms.

Diffusion tensor imaging study on white matter structure in children with autism spectrum disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the white matter microstructural change between autism spectrum disorder(ASD) children and the healthy controls and it's correlation with the age and the clinical symptoms.Methods Thirty-three patients with ASD and thirty-three healthy controls (HC) matched for sex-,age-and handedness underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans.Use the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule(ADOS) and the Neuropsychological Development Inventory for Children Aged 0-6 Years Old (SLAS) to assess the clinical symptoms.Use tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) based on fiber skeleton to analyze the fractional anisotropy (FA) of the whole brain DTI then to identify the differentiated brain regions.And analyze the correlation with age and clinical symptoms.Results (1) FA value of the body of corpus callosum (BCC) (x =-10,y =11,z =26;P=0.0012),left posterior limb of internal capsule (LPLI) (x =-23,y =-11,z =12;P＜0.01),left anterior corona radiata (LACR) (x =-28,y =28,z =16;P＜ 0.01),lift superior corona radiata(LSCR) (x=-27,y=-1,z=21;P=0.0017) was significantly lower in ASD group.(2) There was a positive correlation between the FA value of LPLI and the LACR,LSCR with age among the ASD group(r=0.436,P=0.012;r=0.443,P=0.010;r=0.475,P=0.005).There was a negative correlation between the FA value of the BCC,LPLI and the LACR,LSCR with the age among the HC children.(3) There was a correlation between the LPLI with the score of A DOS (communication:r=0.406,P=0.025;communication+social behavior:r=0.377,P=0.039;restrictive interests and repetitive behaviors:r=0.375,P=0.041) and SLAS (gross motor:r=-0.409,P=0.024),There was a correlation between the LSCR with the score of the SLAS (gross motor:r=-0.539,P=0.002,adaptive capacity:r=-0.373,P=0.041,mental age:r=-0.388,P=0.034).Conclusion The brain white matter microstructure change of BCC,LPLI,LACR,LSCR may be the pathophysiological basis of ASD.The development trend of brain white matter structure varied with age in ASD children is different from that of normal children.Brain white matter microstructure of the LPLI,LSCR is correlation with ASD symptoms.

Application of arterial spin labeling in pediatric brain diseases / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Arterial spin labeling (ASL),unlike dynamic magnetic susceptibility contrast enhanced perfusion imaging,does not require contrast agents and it is a reusable and noninvasive imaging approach. This technique reverses the marker flow to the arterial blood protons of the brain and then uses its tracer to evaluate brain perfusion. If all la-beled blood arrive at the imaging voxel at the time of image acquisition,the signal difference between the marker image and the control image will be proportional to the cerebral blood flow. In recent years,with the development of ASL tech-nology,pediatric brain diseases such as ischemia and hypoxic encephalopathy,pediatric epilepsy,pediatric encephalitis and other diagnosis has made new progress.

The progress of inner ear malformation in radiological research / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Inner ear malformations are anomalies linking to development insults at different periods of embryogenesis,which are common causes of congenital sensorineural hearing loss. The evaluation of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss mostly depends on high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, which can excellently depict the temporal bones and inner ear malformations.

Application research of quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in preoperative grading of brain glioma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study appliction value of quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced MRI(T1-DCE MRI)in preoperative grading of brain glioma.Methods 80 patients who were pathologically confirmed with a tumor grade (WHO grade Ⅰ 20 cases, grade Ⅱ 20 cases,grade Ⅲ 20 cases and grade Ⅳ 20 cases).All patients were examined with MR enhancements and T1-DCE MRI. The original perfusions imaging datas were analyzed using the GE Omni Kinetic software,which produced the transfer constant (Ktrans )map,the rate constant (Kep )map and fractional volume (Ve )map.Choose ROI and get values of Ktrans ,Kep and Ve .Pearson correlation was carried out to analyze the correlation between values of Ktrans ,Kep ,Ve of different grades of gliomas and pathology classifications.The Ktrans ,Kep and Ve values of the different grade gliomas were statistically analyzed using an ANOVA .Receiver operator characteristics (ROC)curve was used to analyze sensitivity and specificity of permeability parameters.Results The Ktrans ,Kep and Ve values of each levels has a strong correlation with pathological grading (r=0.95 1,0.804,0.766).There was obviously statistically significant difference between different grade groups(P < 0.01 )by Ktrans .Kep values have statistically difference between different grades except grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Ve values were different between different grades except grade I andⅡand grade Ⅲ and IV.Accord-ing to ROC curve,Ktrans seemed to be a better parameter for evaluating the tumor grade with the highest sensitivity and specificity. With the cutoff thresholds of Ktrans of 0.1 60,0.420 and 0.935,different grades of glioma can be differentiated with sensitivities of 90%,95%,95% and specificities of 95%,95%,85% respectively.Conclusion Quantitative analysis of microcirculation perfusion status of different grade gliomas by Ktrans values obtained from T1-DCE MRI can assessment the degree of the destruction of the blood brain barrier and evaluate the grade of gliomas more accurately before operation.

Application of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in liver diseases / 临床肝胆病杂志

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) can not only obtain various parameters, but also provide diffusion and perfusion information without contrast agents. IVIM-DWI could make up for the deficiency of traditional DWI and contrast enhancement methods. This paper introduces the basic principle of IVIM-DWI and its research progress and clinical significance in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options for liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis, primary liver cancer, and focal liver lesions. This paper also summarizes the challenges confronting the clinical application of IVIM technology, including the determination of b-values, selection of mathematical models, and limitation from working platform conditions. The analyses demonstrate that the IVIM technology has been more and more widely used in clinical practice and scientific research. With continuous improvement in equipment conditions and further solution of technical problems, the IVIM technology will make a greater contribution to the assessment of liver diseases in an accurate, fast, and noninvasive manner.

Application of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in liver diseases / 临床肝胆病杂志

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) can not only obtain various parameters, but also provide diffusion and perfusion information without contrast agents. IVIM-DWI could make up for the deficiency of traditional DWI and contrast enhancement methods. This paper introduces the basic principle of IVIM-DWI and its research progress and clinical significance in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options for liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis, primary liver cancer, and focal liver lesions. This paper also summarizes the challenges confronting the clinical application of IVIM technology, including the determination of b-values, selection of mathematical models, and limitation from working platform conditions. The analyses demonstrate that the IVIM technology has been more and more widely used in clinical practice and scientific research. With continuous improvement in equipment conditions and further solution of technical problems, the IVIM technology will make a greater contribution to the assessment of liver diseases in an accurate, fast, and noninvasive manner.

Experimental study of dexamethasone in the prevention of delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the curative effects of dexamethasone in the prevention of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in the rats.Methods Eighty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly(random number)divided into hyperbaric group(H),dexamethasone group (D),combined treatment group(C)and model control group(M)after carbon monoxide poisoning,twenty rats in each group.Twelve air-modeling rats were selected as normal control group(N).Using eight-arm maze training and testing,the rat's function of cognitive and memory was detected.The serum MBP levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).Magnetic resonance imaging was used for observing the demyelination of the head and the morbidity of delayed encephalopathy.Measured data was analyzed with single factor analysis of variance(one-way ANOVA).Results The result of eight-arm maze showed that there were 6,7,1,1 rats with delayed encephalopathy in groups M,H,C,D,respectively.At 3 days after poisoning,except N group,the serum MBP levels of every groups increased significantly.At 10 days after poisoning,serum MBP levels in groups C and D were significantly decreased,then returned to normal levels at day 18.The serum MBP in groups M and H was higher than normal levels at all the time.Head MRI showed except D group,the rest groups were abnormal signals,which appeared 7 in M group,6in H group and 1 in C group.Conclusions Dexamethasone administrated as soon as possibly after acute carbon monoxide poisoning may reduce the serum MBP levels,prevent demyelination occurs,decrease the pathological damage,eventually play a preventive role in DE.

脑转移瘤磁共振弥散加权像与原发肿瘤病理学相关性初步探讨 / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo study the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in brain metastases, and the relationship between DWI results and the primary tumor pathology. Methods76 cases with brain metastases were grouped according to the primary cancer pathology. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of tumor parenchyma, capsule area, edema around tumors and normal parenchyma were determined; the ratio of high signal on the DWI were calculated (namely diffusion limited) in different tumor. ResultsThe ADC was (1.1364±0.310)×10-3 mm2/s in tumor parenchyma, (2.167±0.472)×10-3 mm2/s in capsule, (1.597±0.238)×10-3 mm2/s in edema and (0.812±0.158)×10-3 mm2/s in normal parenchyma (P<0.05). 15 cases appeared diffusion limited (19.7%), in which the primary tumors were lung cancer in 10 patients (66.6%) (including 5 cases with small cell lung cancer, 5 cases with none small cell lung cancer), breast cancer in 3 cases, and the other 2 cases were colon cancer and teratocarcinoma of testis (P>0.05). The minimum ADC were (0.72±0.16)×10-3 mm2/s in tumor parenchyma with diffuse limited metastases and (0.78±0.21)×10-3 mm2/s without diffuse limited (P=0.325). ConclusionDWI can respond to brain metastases to the microstructure change, but diffusion limited may not be related with the primary histopathology.