Case Study: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Perianal Region, Vulva and Cervix.

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin carcinoma, which most commonly affects sun-exposed areas. However squamous cell carcinoma can rarely involve the anal and perianal region. It has been found in association with human papilloma virus infection, uterine cervix dysplastic changes and high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). We report a case of extensive carcinoma of the perianal region, vulva and cervix. A 49 years old female came with complaint of swelling in the right inguinal region since one year, pain and swelling in the gluteal region since 7-8 months. Contrast enhanced CT scan and MRI were done which showed a mass involving the perianal region, vulva and cervix with a large inguinal lymph node. Biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma.

Ruptured true aneurysm of the splenic artery: an unusual cause of haemoperitoneum.

True aneurysm of the splenic artery is rare. Two cases of ruptured true splenic artery aneurysms are presented. The first patient was a 62-year-old female who presented within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms. The other was a 27-year-old non-alcoholic male patient who was admitted in a state of shock after 2 days of observation in a peripheral hospital. Both patients had haemoperitoneum and were subjected to exploratory laparotomy. Aneurysmectomy was performed in both the patients in addition to left splenopancreatectomy in the first case and splenectomy in the second. However, due to the prolonged preoperative shock, the second patient succumbed on the third postoperative day.

Role of antibiotics in clean wounds.

Two hundred twenty cases with clean surgical wounds were treated without administering any antibiotics. Majority of them (134) were hydroceles and hernias. The study included some major operation also. The infection rate was 3.6% in the present series, which is comparable with the study where antibiotics were used.

Gastric lipoma presenting as obstruction and hematemesis.

A rare case of gastric lipoma presented to us with hematemesis and symptoms of obstruction. On oesophagoduodenoscopy, a mass projecting in the lumen of stomach was found. Barium meal examination revealed a mass in the antral region suggestive of malignancy. The diagnosis of lipoma was suspected only after exploration. It was confirmed following incision through the serosa. The lipoma was enucleated without any damage to mucosa.

Conformational studies on cimetidine and ranitidine by PCILO calculations and NMR spectroscopy.

The conformational characteristics of two H2-receptor antagonists, cimetidine and ranitidine, have been investigated by quantum mechanical PCILO method and the results indicate a folded conformation for cimetidine stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding and an extended backbone conformation for ranitidine. NMR investigations carried out on these two drugs in solution, however, indicate a predominance of an extended conformation for both the molecules. The significance of this result has been discussed in terms of the activity of these two drugs. Besides these studies, NMR experiments have also been carried out on the drugs incorporated into the lipid bilayers to investigate the drug-lipid interaction. The results from this study suggest that the hydrophobic portion of the drugs is buried in the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains of the lipid bilayer, while the terminal hydrophilic end of the drug lies at the lipid-water interface.

Chemical drug delivery systems: I. Preparation and evaluation of prodrugs of dapsone.

Several prodrugs of dapsone have been prepared and evaluated in vivo for the release of parent drug. The prodrug: 4,4'-dibutyrylaminodiphenyl sulfone gave blood levels above 0.5 micrograms/ml of DDS for about 34 days in rabbits injected intragluteally. The results have been compared with DDS and DADDS.