The Efficacy of Intravitreal Aflibercept in Submacular Hemorrhage Secondary to Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy in submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: This study included 25 eyes in 25 patients with SMH involving the fovea secondary to wet-AMD. All patients were treated with three consecutive monthly intravitreal aflibercept (2.0 mg/0.05 mL) injections, followed by as-needed reinjection. They were followed for at least 6 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT), and area of SMH were measured at diagnosis, as well as at 3 and 6 months after treatment initiation. RESULTS: The BCVA significantly improved from 0.79 ± 0.41 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at baseline to 0.54 ± 0.41 logMAR at 6 months (p < 0.001). BCVA ≥3 lines and stable vision were observed in 96% of the eyes. The CFT significantly decreased from 560.8 ± 215.3 µm at baseline to 299.8 ± 160.2 µm at 6 months (p < 0.001). The area of SMH significantly decreased from 10.5 ± 7.1 mm² at baseline to 1.8 ± 6.5 mm² at 6 months (p < 0.001). The BCVA, CFT, and area of SMH at baseline, as well as duration of symptoms, all correlated with BCVA at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of aflibercept is an effective treatment option for patients with SMH secondary to wet-AMD; however, there may be limited efficacy in eyes with large SMH area and cases in which treatment is delayed.

Clinical Features of Pinguecula in North-Western Gyeonggi Province

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical features of pingueculae in North-western Gyeonggi Province. METHODS: In this prospective study, we determined the clinical features of pingueculae for 120 patients who visited our hospital due to pinguecula-related symptoms between October 2011 and May 2012. RESULTS: Among the 374 pingueculae of 120 patients, 208 (56%) pingueculae were found on the nasal side of the conjunctiva and 166 (44%) on the temporal side. The grade of the pingueculae on the temporal conjunctiva was 0.81 +/- 0.626 and was 1.18 +/- 0.648 on the nasal conjunctiva, which was higher (p < 0.001). Pingueculae on the nasal conjunctiva showed greater elevation than on the temporal side (p < 0.001). The horizontal and average diameters of the pingueculae on the nasal and temporal conjunctiva showed no significant difference, but the vertical diameters were 2.40 +/- 0.88 mm and 2.14 +/- 0.91 mm, respectively, showing the vertical diameter on the nasal conjunctiva was significantly greater (p < 0.044). Moreover, the horizontal diameter of each pinguecula was greater than the vertical diameter (p < 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The average grade of pingueculae in North-western Gyeonggi Province increased with age. Compared to the temporal pingueculae, the nasal pingueculae were more protrudent in shape and had higher grades. Furthermore, each pinguecula was oval-shaped with a larger horizontal than vertical diameter. The pingueculae on the temporal side were flatter and more oval-shaped.

Treatment of Recurrent Conjunctival Papilloma with Topical Mitomycin C

PURPOSE: To provide a case report of 1 patient (1 eye) who experienced recurrences of conjunctival papilloma and was treated with complete resection, electrocauterization, cryotherapy, intraoperative application of mitomycin C and postoperative topical mitomycin C. CASE SUMMARY: We evaluated the clinical course of a 42-year-old male with recurrent conjunctival papillomas on the left upper and lower tarsal conjunctiva who was treated 10 times with a simple resection over the past 8 years. The patient was treated with complete resection, electrocauterization, intraoperative application of mitomycin C and cryotherapy. Topical mitomycin C was applied for 1 month. There was no recurrence or complications for 12 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Complete resection, electrocauterization, intraoperative application of mitomycin C, cryotherapy and topical mitomycin C in patients with recurrent conjunctival papilloma was shown to be an effective treatment without recurrence and complications.

Treatment of Recurrent Conjunctival Papilloma with Topical Mitomycin C

PURPOSE: To provide a case report of 1 patient (1 eye) who experienced recurrences of conjunctival papilloma and was treated with complete resection, electrocauterization, cryotherapy, intraoperative application of mitomycin C and postoperative topical mitomycin C. CASE SUMMARY: We evaluated the clinical course of a 42-year-old male with recurrent conjunctival papillomas on the left upper and lower tarsal conjunctiva who was treated 10 times with a simple resection over the past 8 years. The patient was treated with complete resection, electrocauterization, intraoperative application of mitomycin C and cryotherapy. Topical mitomycin C was applied for 1 month. There was no recurrence or complications for 12 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Complete resection, electrocauterization, intraoperative application of mitomycin C, cryotherapy and topical mitomycin C in patients with recurrent conjunctival papilloma was shown to be an effective treatment without recurrence and complications.

Two Cases of Glare after Iridotomy for Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation

PURPOSE: The present study is a case report of 2 patients (4 eyes) whose symptoms subsided after corneal tattooing over the iridotomy site for persistent and excessive glare, which developed after iridotomy for phakic intraocular lens implantation. CASE SUMMARY: Two patients developed excessive glare symptoms after receiving iridotomy as a pre-procedure for phakic intraocular lens implantation. Case 1 and Case 2 showed persistent glare symptoms over a period of 6 months. Corneal tattooing was performed on the patients by applying tissue dye to the corneal stroma over the iridotomy site. The symptom was evaluated by comparison of glare scores from 0 to 10 after the procedure with a score of 10 prior to the procedure. After corneal tattooing, patient 1 reported a score of 4 and patient 2 reported a score of 3, showing significant symptom improvements without additional complications. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal tattooing at the peripheral cornea in front of the iridotomy site for patients with persistent glare symptoms after prophylactic iridotomy was shown to be effective.