Comparison of Ocular Biometry and Refractive Outcomes Using IOL Master 700, IOL Master 500, and Ultrasound

PURPOSE: To compare the new swept-source optical coherence tomography based IOL Master 700 to both the partial coherence interferometry based IOL Master 500 and ultrasound A-scan in terms of the ocular biometry and the prediction of postoperative refractive outcomes. METHODS: A total 67 eyes of 55 patients who received cataract surgery were included in our study. The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and keratometry were measured using IOL Master 700, IOL Master 500, and A-scan. The predictive errors, which are the differences between predictive refraction and post-operative refraction 1 month after surgery, were also compared. RESULTS: Axial length measurements were not successful in 5 eyes measured using IOL Master 700 and in 12 eyes measured using IOL Master 500. The mean absolute postoperative refraction predictive errors were 0.63 ± 0.50 diopters, 0.66 ± 0.51 diopters, and 0.62 ± 0.51 diopters for IOL Master 700, IOL Master 500, and A-scan, respectively, and these values exhibited no statistically significant differences. The mean axial lengths were 24.25 ± 2.41 mm, 24.24 ± 2.40 mm, and 24.22 ± 2.39 mm; the mean anterior chamber depths were 3.09 ± 0.39 mm, 3.17 ± 0.39 mm, and 3.15 ± 0.46 mm; and the mean keratometry values were 44.12 ± 1.82 diopters, 44.57 ± 2.10 diopters, and 43.98 ± 1.84 diopters for the IOL Master 700, IOL Master 500, and A-scan groups, respectively. None of these parameters showed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Regarding pair-wise comparison, there were significant differences between the IOL Master 700 and the other devices. CONCLUSIONS: The ocular biometric measurements measured using IOL Master 700, IOL Master 500, and A-scan showed no significant differences. However, IOL Master 700 demonstrated a superior ability to successfully take biometric measurements compared to IOL Master 500. Therefore, IOL Master 700 is capable of measuring ocular biometry for cataract surgery in clinical practice.

The Short-Term Effect of Topical Cyclosporine A 0.05% in Various Ocular Surface Disorder

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A 0.05% (Restasis) in the treatment of dry eye symptoms caused by various ocular surface inflammatory disorders. METHODS: Thirty three patients with ocular surface diseases, including 17 with Sjogren syndrome, 8 with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), 4 with Thygeson's keratitis, and 4 with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) were treated with Restasis twice a day for 3 months. During follow up, the symptom severity assessment (burning, itching, foreign body sensation, blurring, photophobia, and pain), TBUT (tear break up time), Schirmer score, frequencies of artificial tear use, onset of symptomatic relief, subjective satisfaction score, and side effects were evaluated. RESULTS: In patients with Sjogren syndrome, foreign body sensation, blurring, photophobia, and pain were reduced after treatment, and the mean Schirmer score, TBUT increased and frequencies of artificial tear use decreased significantly. In patients with MGD, photophobia was reduced after treatment, TBUT and artificial tear use improved after 2 months, and the Schirmer score increased at 3 months. In patient's with Thygeson's keratitis, foreign body sensation and photophobia reduced, and the Schirmer score was increased at 3 months. No significant changes in symptoms, Schirmer score, or TBUT were observed in patients with AKC. Of all subjects, 55% reported symptomatic relief between 3 and 5 weeks after treatment. The mean satisfaction score after treatment was the highest for patients with Sjogren syndrome. Two subjects reported a temporary burning sensation, and one subject quit using Restasis because of bitter taste and a burning sensation. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with Restasis appeared to be effective in treating dry eye symptoms in patients with Sjogren syndrome. It was shown to be partially helpful in patients with MGD and Thygeson's keratitis, while it showed no beneficial effect in patients with AKC.

Comparison of Patient Satisfaction between Conventional and Customized LASIK

PURPOSE: To compare satisfaction after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with satisfaction after wavefront guided customized LASIK. METHODS: One hundred fifty-nine patients were included in this randomized, comparative, clinical trial. A myopia-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to evaluate postoperative satisfaction. RESULTS: Overall questionnaire scores improved after both procedures. Wavefront LASIK showed higher satisfaction scores with respect to "Difficulty in visiting others", "Need a lot of help from others", and "Improvement of quality of life". But, most of the questionnaires did not show differences in actual visual satisfaction of daily living. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional and wavefront LASIK improved the visual satisfaction of patients. However, for the most part there was no difference in improvement of daily living between the two procedures.

The Results of Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery in Patients with Behcet's Disease

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes and complications of cataract surgery, using phacoemulsification in patients with Behcet's disease. METHODS: Twenty eyes of fourteen patients with Behcet's disease, who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction using phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation between July 2001 and March 2004, were included in this study. Their postoperative visual acuity and complications were reviewed. RESULTS: Ocular attacks after cataract surgery occurred in 10 eyes (50%). Uveitis developed in 10 of 12 eyes (83.3%) that had a uveitis-free interval of less than six months. On the other hand, in eight eyes that lasted more than 12 months with no uveitis, no postoperative ocular attack was found (p<0.01, Chi-square test). The incidence and severity of uveitis did not appear to increase upon surgery. Visual acuity improved in 17 eyes (85%). However, after 1 year postoperatively, a statistically significant decrease in visual acuity was observed in the recurrent uveitis group (p=0.05, t-test). CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery, using phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, is tolerable in patients with Behcet's disease. The most predictive factor of ocular attacks and prognosis after cataract surgery was the 'uveitis free' duration before surgery. A uveitis-free interval of more than 12 months in duration was predictive of the best prognosis.