RESUMO
Objective: To find out the clinical profile of cutaneous drug reactions in a tertiary level hospital
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, carried out for a period from January 2011 to December 2011, data were collected from the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University [BSMMU], Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients suffering from adverse drug reactions were the study population and within the period of data collection, twenty patients were selected
Results: Out of total twenty patients, 9 [45%] had fixed drug eruptions, 4 [20%] urticaria, 3 [15%] Stevens-Johnson syndrome, 2 [10%] morbilliform rashes and 2 [10%] had erythema multiforme. The most common clinical presentation was hyperpigmented macule/patch in 5 [25%] cases, followed by urticarial plaque 4 [20%], erosive lesion 3 [15%] and loss of skin in sheets <10% body surface area 3 [15%] and morbilliform rashes and target lesions in 2[10%] each. 6 [30%] patients developed mucosal involvement only and majority of them 8 [40%] had oral involvement. The most common type of offending drug causing the drug reactions were sulfur containing drugs in 8 [40%] cases, followed by NSAIDs in 6 [30%], quinolones 3 [15%], metronidazole and anticonvulsants in a few
Conclusion: The common types of cutaneous drug eruptions are fixed drug eruptions, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, morbilliform rashes and erythema multiforme
RESUMO
To find out the association of serum testosterone with acne vulgaris in women. Seventy patients were considered as group A [case - female patients of acne], and 70, age- and sex-matched, healthy subjects were enrolled as group B [controls - females without acne]. Mean serum testosterone levels were measured in case and control groups. The mean serum testosterone level was significantly high among the cases [0.52 ngm/ml] than the control [0.35 ngm/ml]. Data analysis revealed that the percentage of serum testosterone above normal was found to be high among the cases with acne [10%] whereas below normal level of serum testosterone was found among the control i.e. patients without acne and the difference was statistically significant. There is a significant association between serum testosterone and acne vulgaris. Testosterone levels should be measured in patients presenting with acne vulgaris especially in treatment resistant cases. Anti-androgen treatment may be indicated in those cases with elevated testosterone level
RESUMO
Melasma is a common acquired macular hyperpigmentation which involves mostly the sun exposed areas of face and neck. To assess the efficacy of the combination of 20% azelaic acid with 0.05% tretinoin cream in the treatment of melasma. 30 patients of melasma were treated with daily night application of 20% azelaic acid and 0.05% tretinoin. Patients were assessed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment using melasma area severity index. Side effects during therapy were also noted. Majority i.e. 43% cases were between 26 to 30 years, 73.3% of patients were females and 56.7% were housewives, 70% were married and 86.7% were in middle class. Family history of melasma was positive in 66.7% cases. 93.3% patients had no history of systemic drug and 73.3% had no history of use of cosmetics. 93.3% of patients had malar area involvement and 6.7% had centrofacial area involvement. After treatment, the average MASI score decreased by 38.66% indicating moderate reduction of the severity of melasma. Burning sensation, itching and erythema developed in 50%, 30% and 16%, respectively. The combination of 20% azelaic acid and 0.05% tretinoin cream in the treatment of melasma has a moderate lightening effect with some remarkable side effects