Studies on laminitis in the horse I-clinical studies

The objective of the present investigation was to induce laminitis experimentally in horses in order to establish different criteria for approaching acute laminitis. Furthermore, some hematologic values, electrolytes and plasma lactic acid levels were evaluated prior to, during and after laminitis onset

Studies on laminitis in the horse II-pathogenesis

The microscopic evaluations in acute laminitis were classified into two main phases. Vascular phase: The first changes were detected in the vasculature in the form of microthrombosis in the dermal capillaries, severe interstitial edema and hemorrhage in the primary dermal laminae during the first three days. These changes were manifested clinically by wariness of the hoof wall and coronary b and and bounding in digital pulsation. Epithelial phase: The main epithelial changes were disconfiguration, epithelial cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratinization, necrosis of the laminae within 20 and 30 days. Clinically, there were marked rotation of the third phalanx, flattening of the sole, coronitis, appearance of laminitic rings and spesis of the foot. Progressive pathological changes leading to hoof wall deformity as a result of formation of intermediate degenerative layers separating the stratum lamellatum and third phalanx from the hoof wall, rotation, perforation of the solar aspect and sepsis and appearance of the air or gas in the laminar region of the hoof wall on lateral radiographic during chronic laminitis

approach to the phalangeal region affections in camel [camelus dromedarius]

The osteomorphologic changes were anatomically classified into sesamoidal, phalangeal and interphalangeal types. These changes could be categorized radiologically and histopathologically as proliferative and osteolytic changes. Many reasons may be behind the fact that the pathological changes of the interphalangeal joints occur rarely in camel compared to the other domestic animals. These reasons could be summarized in the wide extension of joint capsule of the interphalangeal joints, a limited physiological movements and the presence of strong tendons and ligaments. Moreover, the presence of the digital cushion, foot pad and work of camel in the desert, play a role. It could be concluded that the clinical picture of foot lameness, the anatomical and radiological examinations imparted a way for diagnosis of such cases. Furthermore, the histopathological examination explored the nature of those lesions of both the soft tissues, including tendons, ligaments and joint capsules and the bones forming the interphalangeal joints