Heart rate variability analysis to investigate autonomic nervous system activity among the three premature ventricular complex circadian types: An observational study

Background and Objective@#Premature ventricular complex (PVC) burden exhibits one of three circadian types, classified as fast-type, slow-type, and independent-type PVC. It is unknown whether PVC circadian types have different heart rate variability (HRV) parameter values. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate differences in HRV circadian rhythm among fast-, slow-, and independent-type PVC. @*Methods@#This cross-sectional observational study consecutively recruited 65 idiopathic PVC subjects (23 fast-, 20 slow-, and 22 independent-type) as well as five control subjects. Each subject underwent a 24-hour Holter to examine PVC burden and HRV. HRV analysis included components that primarily reflect global, parasympathetic, and sympathetic activities. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare differences in HRV circadian rhythm by PVC type. Results. The average PVC burden was 15.7%, 8.4%, and 13.6% in fast-, slow-, and independent-type idiopathic PVC subjects, respectively. Global, parasympathetic nervous system, and sympathetic nervous system HRV parameters were significantly lower in independenttype PVC versus fast- and slow-type PVC throughout the day and night. Furthermore, we unexpectedly found that tendency towards sympathetic activity dominance during nighttime was only in independent-type PVC.@*Conclusion@#The HRV parameters are reduced in patients with independent-type PVC compared to fast- and slowtype PVC. Future research is warranted to determine possible differences in the prognosis between the three PVC types.

One new glycoside naphthopyranone from the Yiling cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 / 药学学报

Seven compounds were isolated from fermentation extract of cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 by silica gel, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR methods as 2,3-dehydroindigotide G (1), (-)-regiolone (2), naphtho-γ-pyrone (3), indigotide G (4), indigotide B (5) destruxin A (6) and destruxin B (7). Compound 1 is a new glycoside naphthopyranone compound. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of these compounds was evaluated. The EC50 and CC50 of compound 3 against HBV were 4.5 μmol·L-1 and 92.3 μmol·L-1, respectively. This is the first report of the antiviral activity of compound 3.

Construction of a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To establish a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, so as to provide insights into creation of a sensitive and highly efficient surveillance and early warning system for schistosomiasis. Methods National and international publications, documents, laws and regulations pertaining to schistosomiasis control were retrieved with keywords including schistosomiasis, surveillance, early warning and control interventions from 2008 to 2022, and a thematic panel discussion was held to preliminarily construct surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The index system was then comprehensively scored and screened using the Delphi method, and the weight of each index was determined using analytic hierarchy process and the modified proportional allocation method. In addition, the credibility of the Delphi method was evaluated using positive coefficient, authority coefficient, degree of concentration and degree of coordination of experts. Results Following two rounds of expert consultation, a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk in endemic areas along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin was preliminarily constructed, including 3 primary indicators, 9 secondary indicators and 41 tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of primary indicators epidemics, natural and social factors and comprehensive control were 0.639 8, 0.145 6 and 0.214 6, respectively, and among all secondary indicators, snail status (0.321 3) and schistosomiasis prevalence (0.318 5) had the highest combined weights, while social factors had the lowest combined weight (0.030 4). Of all tertiary indicators, human egg-positive rate (0.041 9), number of acute schistosomiasis cases (0.041 5), number of stool-positive bovine and sheep (0.041 1), and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in free-ranging livestock (0.041 1) had the highest combined weights. During two rounds of consultation, the positive coefficient of experts was both 100%, and the authority coefficient was both 0.9 and greater, while the coordination coefficients were 0.338 to 0.441 and 0.426 to 0.565 (χ2 = 22.875 to 216.524, both P values < 0.05). Conclusions The established surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin is of great scientific values and authority, which may provide insights into construction of the sensitive and highly efficient surveillance and early warning system for schistosomiasis in the context of low prevalence and low intensity of infection in China.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of Chaiyin Granules in treatment of influenza / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Chaiyin Granules compared with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the treatment of influenza(exogenous wind-heat syndrome). Based on a randomized, double-blind, positive drug parallel control clinical trial, this study evaluated the pharmacoeconomics of Chaiyin Granules with cost-effectiveness analysis method. A total of 116 patients with influenza from eight hospitals(grade Ⅱ level A above) in 6 cities were selected in this study, including 78 cases in the experimental group with Chaiyin Granules and Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules placebo, and 38 cases in the control group with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules and Chaiyin Granules placebo. The total cost of this study included direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost, and indirect cost. The remission time of clinical symptoms, cure time/cure rate, antipyretic onset time/complete antipyretic time, viral nucleic acid negative rate, and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome curative effect were selected as the effect indicators for cost-effectiveness analysis. Four-quadrant diagram was used to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The results showed that Chaiyin Granules were not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the remission time of clinical symptoms of influenza(3.1 d vs 2.9 d, P=0.360, non-inferiority margin was 0.5 d). Compared with Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules, Chaiyin Granules would delay the remission time of clinic symptoms of influenza for 1 d, but could save 213.9 yuan. 1 d delay in cure time could save 149.3 yuan; 1% reduction in the cure rate could save 8.2 yuan; 1 d delay in antipyretic onset time could save 295.4 yuan; 1 d delay in complete antipyretic time could save 114.3 yuan; 1% reduction in the 5-day cure rate of TCM syndrome could save 19.2 yuan. Different from other indicators, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in the effect of negative conversion rate of viral nucleic acid, but the cost was lower and the effect was superior, and the pharmacoeconomics was not different from that of Oseltamivir Phosphate Capsules in the field of influenza treatment.

Effects from Contact Area of the Instrument Causing Trauma on Skull Fracture in Rabbits / 医用生物力学

Objective To explore the effects from different contact areas of the instrument causing trauma on biomechanical response parameters of rabbit skull fractures under quasi-static compression conditions. Methods The rabbits were divided into the scalp preservation group and scalp removal group. Each group was subdivided into 3 mm group, 6 mm group, 9 mm group according to contact diameter of the instrument causing trauma. There were 9 rabbits in each group, 54 rabbits in total. All rabbits were put to death by over anesthesia and made into a skull compression model. An electronic universal material testing machine was used to perform quasi-static compression of rabbit skulls to fractures, and biomechanical response parameters such as ultimate load, deformation under ultimate load and compressive strength of rabbit skulls in each group were detected. Results The differences in ultimate load, deformation under ultimate load, and compressive strength of rabbit skulls in scalp preservation group and scalp removal group under different contact areas were statistically significant. The ultimate load was positively correlated with the contact area, and the compressive strength was negatively correlated with the contact area. No correlation was found between deformation under ultimate load and contact area. For scalp preservation group and scalp removal group, the difference in deformation under ultimate load was statistically significant in the 3 mm contact surface diameter group, and there was no statistical significance in the other groups. Conclusions The contact area is positively correlated with the ultimate load of rabbit skull fracture and negatively correlated with compressive strength, while it has no correlation with deformation under ultimate load and is unrelated to whether the scalp is removed.

Long-Term Follow-up of Enhanced Holter-Electrocardiography Monitoring in Acute Ischemic Stroke / 대한뇌졸중학회지

Background@#and Purpose Prolonged electrocardiography (ECG)-monitoring in stroke patients improves the detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF). However, most randomized studies only had short follow-up. We aimed to provide 3-year follow-up data for AF detection and stroke recurrence risk. @*Methods@# We randomized 402 patients aged ≥60 years with acute ischemic strokes without AF to either enhanced and prolonged monitoring (EPM; 3×10-day Holter-ECG-monitoring) or standard-of-care (≥24 hours ECG-monitoring). The endpoint of the current analysis was AF within 36 months analyzed by intention to treat. Long-term follow-up was performed for 36 months. @*Results@# Two hundred and seventy-four patients (80%) participated in the extended follow-up (median duration of follow-up was 36 months [interquartile range, 12 to 36]). During the first 6 months, more AF was documented in the EPM arm compared to the control arm (13.5% vs. 5.1%; 95% confidence interval, 2.9% to 14.4%; P=0.004). During months 6 to 36, AF was less detected in the EPM intervention arm than in the control arm (2.0% vs. 7.3%; 95% confidence interval, 0.7% to 9.9%; P=0.028). Overall, the detection rate of AF within 36 months was numerically higher within the EPM group (15.0% vs. 11.1%, P=0.30). Numerically less patients in the EPM arm had recurrent ischemic strokes (5.5% vs. 9.1%, P=0.18), transient ischemic attacks (3.0% vs. 4.5%, P=0.44) or died (4.5% vs. 6.6%, P=0.37). @*Conclusions@# Enhanced and prolonged ECG monitoring increased AF detection during the first six months, but there was significantly more clinical AF during months 6 to 36 observed in the usual-care arm. This suggests that EPM leads to an earlier detection of clinically relevant AF.

Report of a case of Leuconostoc lactis bacteremia following intestinal perforation with literature review / 中华全科医师杂志

A 24-year female with abdominal pain and fever for 4 days was admitted. The blood culture showed Leuconostoc growth, and sputum culture showed positive Acinetobacterbaumannii. The diagnosis Leuconostoclactis bacteremia following small intestinal perforation was confirmed; surgical treatment was performed and the infection was controlled by piperacillin sodium and tazobactam combined with tegacycline. Wanfang database, CNKI, PubMed and Embase database up to September 2020 were searched with the keywords of " Leuconostoc lactis" "infection" "bacteraemia" for relevant literature. A total of 32 cases were reported in the literature, of whom 13 (39.4%) were infants, 17 (51.5%) had catheter-related bloodstream infection, and one healthy adult male had bacteremia through gastrointestinal perforation. In 20 patients treated with penicillins-based antibiotics, 18 were cured with an effective rate of 90.0%. The results suggest that Leuconostoc infection is likely to occur in the infants, but adults can still get community-acquired Leuconostoc infection. Most β-lactams are susceptible to Leuconostoc, but some exhibit resistance, so it is recommended to select antimicrobial agents based on drug susceptibility.

Study on chemical constituents from fruiting bodies of Ganoderma calidophilum / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents were isolated and purified from fruiting bodies of Ganoderma calidophilum by various column chromatographic techniques, and their chemical structures were identified through combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. As a result, 11 compounds were isolated and identified as(24E)-lanosta-8,24-dien-3,11-dione-26-al(1), ganoderone A(2), 3-oxo-15α-acetoxy-lanosta-7,9(11), 24-trien-26-oleic acid(3),(23E)-27-nor-lanosta-8,23-diene-3,7,25-trione(4), ganodecanone B(5), ganoderic aldehyde A(6), 11β-hydroxy-lucidadiol(7), 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone(8), methyl gentiate(9), ganoleucin C(10), ganotheaecolumol H(11). Among them, compound 1 is a new triterpenoid. The cytotoxic activities of all of the compounds against tumor cell lines were evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 showed cytotoxic activity against BEL-7402, with IC_(50) values of 26.55, 11.35, 23.23, 18.66 μmol·L~(-1); compounds 1 and 3-6 showed cytotoxic activity against K562, with IC_(50) values of 5.79, 22.16, 12.16, 35.32, and 5.59 μmol·L~(-1), and compound 4 showed cytotoxic activity against A549, with IC_(50) value of 42.50 μmol·L~(-1).

Person to person transmission of pneumonia associated with the Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a familial cluster analysis in North Central Nigeria

The continued absence of viable vaccines, limited diagnostic tools, insufficient protocol for isolation period, and weak health care system in developing countries with Nigeria inclusive heightens the tension trailing the arrival of Novel SARS-CoV-2 that was officially declared a global health emergency by World Health Organization (WHO) in January 2020. In this context, this study assesses the adequacy and potency of treatment for pneumonia associated with the Novel SARS-CoV-2. Counting from 27th February 2020, exponential rise in cases of SARS-CoV-2 has been recorded in Nigeria. Despite limited data on Person-to-Person transmission or nosocomial transmission, we report the epidemiological features of a familial cluster of 4 positive cases to SARS-CoV-2 in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria. This cluster presented with an unexplained pneumonia after having contact with a family member who died after manifesting symptoms of Novel SARS-CoV-2; the test came out positive after his demise. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were performed using nasopharyngeal swabs (Novel Coronavirus PCR Fluorescence Diagnostic Kit, BioGerm Medical Biotechnology at the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in Abuja. Nigeria. From March 10, 2020, we enrolled a family of four patients out of a family of 10 who were positive to novel coronavirus. Four family members (aged 36-43 years) all presented with fever, upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms, or diarrhea, or a combination of these 3-6 days after exposure. These conditions continued to manifest at the Federal Medical Center, Keffi in Nasarawa State, 3-7 days after symptom onset. Their nasopharyngeal or throat swabs of these 10 family members were taken and four returned positive to coronavirus, while six tested negative. The epidemiological evidence from our study on familial cluster analysis reveals possible transmission of Novel SARS-CoV-2 during the incubation period. Study outcomes underscore the importance of probing contact history of potentially infected individuals, for prompt identification to preventing further spread

Person to person transmission of pneumonia associated with the Novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a familial cluster analysis in North Central Nigeria

The continued absence of viable vaccines, limited diagnostic tools, insufficient protocol for isolation period, and weak health care system in developing countries with Nigeria inclusive heightens the tension trailing the arrival of Novel SARS-CoV-2 that was officially declared a global health emergency by World Health Organization (WHO) in January 2020. In this context, this study assesses the adequacy and potency of treatment for pneumonia associated with the Novel SARS-CoV-2. Counting from 27th February 2020, exponential rise in cases of SARS-CoV-2 has been recorded in Nigeria. Despite limited data on Person-to-Person transmission or nosocomial transmission, we report the epidemiological features of a familial cluster of 4 positive cases to SARS-CoV-2 in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria. This cluster presented with an unexplained pneumonia after having contact with a family member who died after manifesting symptoms of Novel SARS-CoV-2; the test came out positive after his demise. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were performed using nasopharyngeal swabs (Novel Coronavirus PCR Fluorescence Diagnostic Kit, BioGerm Medical Biotechnology at the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in Abuja. Nigeria. From March 10, 2020, we enrolled a family of four patients out of a family of 10 who were positive to novel coronavirus. Four family members (aged 36-43 years) all presented with fever, upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms, or diarrhea, or a combination of these 3-6 days after exposure. These conditions continued to manifest at the Federal Medical Center, Keffi in Nasarawa State, 3-7 days after symptom onset. Their nasopharyngeal or throat swabs of these 10 family members were taken and four returned positive to coronavirus, while six tested negative. The epidemiological evidence from our study on familial cluster analysis reveals possible transmission of Novel SARS-CoV-2 during the incubation period. Study outcomes underscore the importance of probing contact history of potentially infected individuals, for prompt identification to preventing further spread

Progress of epigenetics in acute myeloid leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is considered to be an irreversible change of gene function caused by certain genetic changes, resulting in abnormal proliferation, differentiation disorder, and abnormal apoptosis of leukemia cells, leading to the occurrence and development of leukemia. Epigenetics refers to the change of heritable gene expression but the gene does not change in sequence. A large number of studies have shown that the pathogenesis of AML is closely related to the regulation of epigenetics. The regulation of epigenetic modification in the cellular metabolism, immune microenvironment and immune response of AML has been received increasing attention. This review will describe the regulation of epigenetics in the cellular metabolism, immune microenvironment and immune response of AML and the advances in the targeted intervention measures.

Effect of thoracic paravertebral nerve block on postoperative chronic pain in patients undergoing thoracic surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on postoperative chronic pain in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.Methods One hundred and forty patients of both sexes,aged 25-64 yr,with body mass index of 18-24 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer,were divided into 2 groups (n=70 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C) and TPVB group (group P).Two-point (T4,6) TPVB was performed on the affected side under ultrasound guidance before anesthesia induction,and 0.5％ ropivacaine 20 ml was injected into each puncture site in group P.Sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg was intravenously injected at 10 min before the end of operation in group C.Analgesic pump was connected at the end of operation in two groups,and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was performed with sufentanil.The patients were followed up after operation.Sufentanil 0.1 μg/kgwas intravenously injected when visual analogue scale score ≥4.The total consumption of sufentanil and the number of requirements for rescue analgesia were recorded at 48 h after operation in both groups.The patients were followed up to 2 months by telephone after operation,the occurrence of postoperative chronic pain was recorded,and the effect of pain on daily life and grade of treatment measures were evaluated.Results Compared with group C,the total consumption of sufentanil and the number of requirements for rescue analgesia were significantly reduced,and the impact of postoperative chronic pain on daily life and grade of treatment measures for pain were decreased in group P (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative chronic pain between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Although TPVB cannot reduce the incidence of postoperative chronic pain,it can relieve the degree of postoperative chronic pain in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Ligustrum robustum, A Chinese Herbal Tea / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To examine the effect of the aqueous extract of Ligustrum robustum on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.@*METHODS@#In in vitro study, cell viabilities of human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells (PC-3), human hepatoma cells (7721) and human colon carcinoma cells (SW480) were evaluated with cell counting kit-8. For L. robustum-treated Hela cells, early or late apoptosis were evaluated by annexin V/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by staining cells with JC-1. Apoptosis was monitored by nuclear morphology based on chromatin condensation and fragmentation by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylinole (DAPI) staining. Caspase-3 and -8 activity levels were measured by a colorimetric assay. In vivo, to evaluate the possible mechanism of L. robustum-mediated antitumor effect, nude mouse xenograft study was also conducted.@*RESULTS@#In in vitro study, L. robustum was found to be toxic to HeLa, MCF-7, PC-3, 7721, SW480, with an half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2-5 mg/mL (P<0.05). Moreover, externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 and -8 were detected in L. robustum-treated Hela cells. Using a nude mouse model bearing Hela xenografts, we found that L. robustum reduced tumor volume and tumor weight (P<0.05), but had no effect on body weight and histological damage of important organs. Intraperitoneal injection of L. robustum caused a significant reduction in serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3-positive and terminal nucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were observed in L. robustum-treated tumor tissues.@*CONCLUSIONS@#L. robustum inhibits tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis in a caspase-dependent way without apparent hepatic toxicity and histological damage, which may offer partial scientific support for the ethnopharmacological claims of L. robustum as a herbal tea for its antitumor activity.

Effects of Telmisartan Combined with Finasteride on Blood Pressure Rhythm in Non-dipper Type Hypertensive Patients with Prostatic Hyperplasia / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of telmisartan combined with finasteride on blood pressure rhythm (BPR) in non-dipper type hypertension patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: From Jul. 2015 to Dec. 2016, medical information of 190 patients with non-dipper type hypertension complicated with BPH were retrospectively collected from Halison International Peace Hospital, and then divided into control group (n=82) and observation group (n=108) according to therapy plan. Control group was given telmisartan 40 mg, qd; observation group was additionally given finasteride 5 mg, qd, on the basis of observation group. Both groups were treated for 12 months, and followed up once every 3 months. The changes of blood pressure (24 hSBP, 24 hDBP, 24 hPP, dSBP, dDBP, dPP, nSBP, nDBP, nPP), morning blood pressure surge, prostate volume, nocturia times, the changes of BPR (the rate of non-dipper type blood pressure change) were observed in 2 groups. The occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in blood pressure, morning blood pressure surge, prostate volume or nocturia times between 2 groups (P>0. 05). After treated for 3, 6, 12 months, blood pressure, morning blood pressure surge, prostate volume, nocturia times and the rate of non-dipper type blood pressure change in 2 groups were decreased significantly; the observation group was significantly lower than the control group, with statistical significance (P>0. 05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P>0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: Telmisartan combined with finasteride show significant effects on non-dipper hypertension complicated with BPH, effectively reduce the level of blood pressure, prostate volume, nocturia times and improve BPR with good safety. The effect of two-drug is better than that of telmisartan.

Outcome Prediction Using Perfusion Parameters and Collateral Scores of Multi-Phase and Single-Phase CT Angiography in Acute Stroke: Need for One, Two, Three, or Thirty Scans? / 대한뇌졸중학회지

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Collateral status is an important factor determining outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Hence, different collateral scoring systems have been introduced. We applied different scoring systems on single- and multi-phase computed tomography (CT) angiography (spCTA and mpCTA) and compared them to CT perfusion (CTP) parameters to identify the best method for collateral evaluation in patients with AIS. METHODS: A total of 102 patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation who underwent multimodal CT imaging and who were treated endovascularly were included. Collateral status was assessed on spCTA and mpCTA using four different scoring systems and compared to CTP parameters. Logistic regression was performed for predicting favorable outcome. RESULTS: All collateral scores correlated well with each other and with CTP parameters. Comparison of collateral scores stratified by extent of perfusion deficit showed relevant differences between groups (P < 0.01 for each). An spCTA collateral score discriminated best between favorable and unfavorable outcome as determined using the modified Rankin Scale 3 months after stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Collateral status evaluated on spCTA may suffice for outcome prediction and decision making in AIS patients, potentially obviating further imaging modalities like mpCTA or CTP.

Identification of chemical constituents in Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn / 中国中药杂志

This experiment was performed to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column.The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid was used for gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min⁻¹. Electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry was applied for qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion modes. The results indicated that 54 compounds consisted of 18 lignans and 36 flavonoids from Xiaoyelian had been detected by their HRMS data, the information of literature and reference substance. Among them, 27 compounds were reported in Sinopodophylli Fructus for the first time. In conclusion, an HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn method was established to qualitative analysis of Xiaoyelian in this study, which will provide the evidence for evaluating the quality of Xiaoyelian herbs, clarifying the mechanism, and guiding the development of pharmacological active ingredients.

A new sesquiterpene from Chinese agarwood induced by artificial holing / 中国中药杂志

In order to study the chemical constituents of n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract from Chinese agarwood induced by artificial holing, various chromatographic techniques were carried out to isolate compounds, and the structures of compounds were determined through a combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence. Seven compounds were obtained and identified as selina-3,11-dien-9,15-diol (1), aquilarone D (2), 5α,6β,7α,8β-tetrahydroxy-2-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromone (3), 6,7-dimethoxy-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (4), syringin (5), methyl (Z)-p-coumarate (6), and 4'-methoxycinnamic acid (7), among which compound 1 was a new compound and compounds 5-7 were isolated from agarwood for the first time. The bioactivity assay results concluded that compounds 6 and 7 showed certain nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivivus, and compounds 4, 6 and 7 exhibited cytotoxicity against BEL-7402, SGC-7901 and A549 carcinoma cell lines.

Simultaneous Determination of Inulicin and Deacetylinulicin in Inulae Flos by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of simultaneous determination of inulicin and deacetylinulicin in Inulae Flos. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Zorbax SB-C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(gradient elution)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was 25 ℃,the detection wavelength was 210 nm,and the injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.000 2-0.005 μg/ml(r=0.999 8)for inulicin and 0.000 1-0.001 7 μg/ml(r=0.999 4)for deacetylinulicin;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recoveries were 99.63%-103.56%(RSD=1.26%,n=9)and 95.98%-101.21%(RSD=1.84%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reliable,and can be used for the quality evaluation of Inulae Flos.

The Application of two Endometrial Mechanical Stimulation Methods in Patients with Repeated Implantation Failure / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical application of two endometrial mechanical stimulation methods in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF) in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycle. Methods A total of 127 women with RIF who planned to perform FET again were included. They were separated into 3 groups: Group A (45 cases) with endometrial scratching and group B (42 cycles) with endometrial sucking within menstrual period in FET cycle, while in control group C (40 cases), no endometrial mechanical stimulation was performed. The outcomes of pregnancy were compared. Results The endometrial types of endometrial scratching group were mainly type A. The embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in group A (27.27%, 46.67%) were significantly higher than those in group B (12.75 %, 21.43%) and group C (11.46%, 20.0%) (P <0.05). Conclusion The endometrial mechanical stimulation can improve the endometrial receptivity, compare with endometrial sucking, endometrial scratching can improve the clinical pregnancy rate of RIF patients more obviously.

Identification of chemical constituents in Scrophulariae Radix by HPLC-IT-TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

This experiment was performed to establish a qualitative analysis on chemical constituents of Scrophulariae Radix by HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS．The analysis was conducted on a C₁₈ column (Kromasil 100-5, 4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution; ESI ion source was used for mass spectra, and data were collected innegative and positive modes. The results showed that 64 compounds from Scrophulariae Radix had been identified by analyzing negative ion mass data including element composition and by comparing with data from literature. Two new compounds (4-hydroxy-6-O-methylcatalpol and acetylangoroside C) and seventeen known compounds were detected from Scrophulariae Radix for the first time. Seventeen known compounds included twelve iridoid glycosides, three phenylpropanoid glycosides and two other kind compounds. This study will provide chemical basis for elucidation of the effective substance in the Scrophulariae Radix.