Clinical characteristics of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant combined with allergic disease / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with allergic diseases suffering from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 pediatric patients with allergic diseases infected by SARS-CoV-2 from April 25, 2022 to June 8, 2022 in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the allergic disease group, while 114 cases without underlying diseases and 16 cases with other underlying diseases were selected as control groups diagnosed at the same period. Clinical data including clinical features, laboratory tests, duration of hospitalization, and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid were collected and analysed. Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used for comparison among three groups. Results: Among the 43 patients with allergic diseases, 28 were males and 15 were females, with an age of 4.4 (2.1, 8.2) years on admission, including 32 mild cases and 11 common cases. The allergic disease group included 20 cases (46.5%) of atopic dermatitis and eczema, followed by 14 cases (32.6%) of rhinitis, 8 cases (18.6%) of food allergies, 7 cases (16.3%) of asthma, 4 cases (9.3%) of allergic conjunctivitis and 2 cases (4.7%) of drug allergy. Among the 114 cases without underlying diseases, 57 were males and 57 were females, with an age of 2.8 (1.2, 5.6) years on admission, including 93 mild cases and 21 common cases. Among the 16 cases with other underlying diseases, 9 were males and 7 were females, with an age of 3.0 (2.6, 10.8) years on admission, including 13 cases mild and 3 cases common cases. Children with allergic diseases had higher frequency of sore throat and vomiting than those without underlying diseases (10 cases (23.3%) vs.9 cases (7.9%), 14 cases (32.6%) vs. 11 cases (9.6%), χ²=6.93, 12.24, both P<0.05). The lymphocyte count of patients with allergic disease was lower than those without underlying disease (1.1 (0.7,1.7)×109 vs. 1.6 (1.1,2.7)×109/L, H=-28.00,P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, gender, typing of SARS-CoV-2, the duration of hospitalization, cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Children with allergic diseases may suffer from sore throat and vomiting more frequently when infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The combination of allergic diseases hardly influenced the disease course of SARS-CoV-2 in children.

Application of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide in control evaluation of bronchial asthma and diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the association of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) with asthma control and their value in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children.@*METHODS@#A total of 186 children aged 5-12 years, who attended the outpatient service of the Department of Respiration, Shanghai Children's Hospital due to bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis or who underwent physical examination, were enrolled as subjects, with 52 children in the asthma group, 60 children in the asthma+allergic rhinitis group, 36 children in the allergic rhinitis group, and 38 children in the control group. FeNO, nNO, and pulmonary function were compared between groups.@*RESULTS@#The asthma+allergic rhinitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis groups had a significantly higher level of FeNO than the control group (P<0.05). The asthma+allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis groups had a significantly higher level of nNO than the asthma and control groups (P<0.05). The uncontrolled asthma and partially controlled asthma groups had significantly higher levels of FeNO and nNO than the completely controlled asthma group (P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that nNO had an area under the ROC curve of 0.91, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 89.5% in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children with asthma (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The combined measurement of nNO and FeNO can be used to evaluate the control of asthma, and the measurement of nNO can help with the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in children with bronchial asthma.

Status quo of stroke rehabilitation care development in our country:a bibliometrics analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To analyze the present research situation of stroke rehabilitation nursing in China, find out the defects and shortcomings existing in the development, and lay a good foundation for the development of stroke rehabilitation nursing. Methods The documentation published in Chinese core journals was searched in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database (VIP), Wanfang database by computer retrieval. The publishing year, journal name, scientific research funds, the method of literature research, research objects and research contents were analyzed by bibliometrics. Results A total of 253 articles were included with an increasing trend. These literature distributed in 34 kinds of Chinese core journals, fund rate was relatively good, but very few national fund, the experimental research was given priority to, and the research content was wide. Conclusions In order to better promote the rehabilitation of brain stroke patients, community rehabilitation care needs to be vigorously promoted, emphasis should be paid to the importance of patients family members, at the same time, great importance should also be attached to the combination between disciplines, in order to find better, more effective and easy methods to promote the rehabilitation nursing.

Progress in CRELD1 gene on atrioventricular septal defect / 国际儿科学杂志

Congenital heart disease(CHD) is a series of birth defect that can actually or potentially impact heart function , occurring 4‰～ 12‰ of live birth. Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is a frequently CHD affecting the atrioventricular valves and septa. AVSD refers to a clinical spectrum of defects ranging from a complete AVSD to cleft mitral valve. AVSD occurs most frequently in Trisomy 21 syndrome. Research shows that the development defect of endocardial cushion caused by heredity and environment during different period of heart development leads to all kinds of AVSD. CRELD1 is the first identified gene associated with morbidity of AVSD.The research on this gene has important significance to find out the pathogenesis of AVSD and provide better prevention and cure methods.

Mutation analysis of GATA4 gene in Han Chinese patients with atrioventricular septal defect / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To analyze the mutations of GATA4 gene in Han Chinese patients with atrioventricular septal defect(AVSD)and investigate the association between GATA4 gene and pathogenesis. Methods Ninety-four Han Chinese patients with AVSD were recruited,including 23 patients with Down syndrome and 71 patients without. One hundred healthy age-matched Han children were used as the control. Blood samples were drawn. Encoding region and flanking introns of GATA4 gene were amplified using polymerase chain reaction. The mutations were detected by DNA fragment sequences analysis. Results Three novel missense mutations(c.106C ＞ G,p.P36A;c.259C ＞ T, p.P87S;c.504C ＞ A,p.D168E)of the GATA4 gene were identified in three patients with complete AVSD without Down syndrome,and a fourth novel missense mutation(c.1079A ＞ G,p.E360G)was noted in a patient with complete AVSD and Down syndrome. A polymorphism of the GATA4 gene(c.G99T,p.A33A)from six patients was detected. Conclusions The GATA4 gene might be involved in the etiology of AVSD by functional changes resulting from gene mutation. The low incidence of GATA4 gene mutations in patients with AVSD with or without Down syndrome might suggest that AVSD is a polygenetic disorder.